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Biomedical subjects

A Okuno

Publications and source records attributed to A Okuno.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics of propylthiouracil in children and adolescents with Graves disease after a single oral dose.

Pharmacokinetics of propylthiouracil after a single oral dose were studied in six pediatric patients with Graves disease, with respect to influence of food intake. Propylthiouracil administration in the fasting state induced a rapid rise of plasma level reaching a peak of 30 to 60 min. Peak values ranged from 7.2 to 18 micrograms/ml with administered dose (100 to 280 mg/m2 BSA) and plasma half-life was 1.3 +/- 0.41 hr (mean +/- SD). Single compartment model with first order absorption showed excellent fit to the data obtained in the fasting state, but not in the fed state. Most individuals showed marked difference in the pattern of propylthiouracil concentration-time curves between the fasting and the fed state. Food intake prior to the drug ingestion was associated with lower and delayed peak and variable AUC values. These results indicate that propylthiouracil administration in the fasting state is more advisable for obtaining a consistent bioavailability.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Prenatal diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy: a diagnosis by amniotic fluid and its confirmation.

Late infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) was successfully diagnosed in utero by demonstrating the absence of arylsulfatase-A in amniotic fluid using diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose column chromatography. Diagnosis by amniotic fluid using an ion-exchange column is more rapid and reproducible as compared with those reported previously. The diagnosis was confirmed by the absence of arylsulfatase-A in fetal brain, liver, and kidney tissues as well as by the marked accumulation of sulfatide in kidney. The kidney is the most appropriate organ for the demonstration of sulfatide accumulation in fetal tissues in MLD.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1982

Amniotic fluid steroid levels. Fetuses with adrenal hyperplasia, 46,XXY fetuses, and normal fetuses.

Concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), DHA sulfate (DHAS), progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and hydrocortisone were determined in amniotic fluid obtained at amniocentesis or at elective cesarean section. Male fetuses had significantly higher concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione than female fetuses had between 15 and 21 weeks of gestation but not near term (36 to 40 weeks). In both sexes, progesterone and 17-OHP concentrations fell and DHA, DHAS, and hydrocortisone concentrations increased significantly with advancing gestational age. Amniotic fluid 17-OHP, testosterone, DHA, and androstenedione levels from female fetuses with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were more elevated in the second trimester than in the third. Three female fetuses at risk for CAH, but not affected, had normal steroid concentrations. Steroid concentrations from two fetuses with Klinefelter's syndrome were not abnormal.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1979

Acute suppurative thyroiditis in children.

Ten cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis were studied. All patients remained euthyroid clinically during the course of this disease and during the follow-up. Of seven cases in which bacterial cultures were performed, an aerobic bacterium alone was isolated in one patient and anaerobic bacteria alone in four patients. Mixed aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms were recovered from one patient and cultures were negative in one case. Plasma TSH, T4, T3, and PBI levels were normal except in one case. The 131I uptake values were normal in six of seven cases. Plasma TSH response to TRH stimulation was normal in four of five cases. Antibodies against thyroglobulin and thyroid microsome were negative in four of six cases. These findings suggest that anaerobic bacteria may play an important role in the pathogenic process of acute suppurative thyroiditis and that the pituitary-thyroid functions are not impaired.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

Kinetic analysis of plasma TSH dynamics after TRH stimulation.

Kinetic analysis of the time course of plasma TSH after TRH stimulation was performed by means of a single compartment model with first order input. This kinetic model showed satisfactory fit to the data, and was found to be useful enough for the characterization of plasma TSH dynamics. In endocrinologically normal short children, the amount of TSH release per unit volume of distribution space (Q0/V), the rate constant for the TSH release (alpha), and the rate constant for TSH elimination (beta) were averaged 23.4 microU/ml, 6.981 hr-1 and 0.813 hr-1, respectively. Elevated Q0/V values with lowered alpha and beta were obtained in the hypothyroid children. Variable results, with the exception of low alpha values, were obtained in the children with pituitary dwarfism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis.

Two patients had two recurrent episodes each of acute suppurative thyroiditis. Circulating concentrations of plasma thyrotrophin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were within the range of normal. Antibodies to thyroid microsome or thyroglobulin were not found. Anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Peptococcus were identified as causative agents, indicating that anaerobic organisms may play an important role in the pathologic process. The present cases are the third and fourth reported cases of recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis in the literature.

Acute Disease↗