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Biomedical subjects

A Olinescu

Publications and source records attributed to A Olinescu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Shift toward T lymphocytes with Th1 and Tc1 cytokine-secterion profile in the joints of patients with osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA), although a heterogeneous disease, is generally believed by rheumatologists to be primarily a disease generated by biomechanical alterations. In order to determine the role of T cells, the pattern of T lymphocyte cytokines and to characterize the mononuclear cells from both peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) from patients with OA flow cytometry with a panel of monoclonal antibodies recognising CD4, CD8 and intracellular cytokines (IL2, IL4, IL10, gamma-IFN) was employed. The coexpression of CD4 and CD8 markers only on the SF T cells surface after in vitro stimulation by phorbol-miristate acetate and ionomicine, but not on PBL or in vitro unstimulated SFL was noted. The intracellular IFN-gamma was detected in enhanced levels in both CD4+ and CD8+ SF T cells, while the IL2 contents was not different in PB and SF samples. The Th2/Tc2 cytokines (IL4 and IL10) were detected in low amounts in both PBL and SFL. This study shows the role of some T cell populations and cytokines in the generation of joint destruction in osteoarthritis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A therapeutical outlook in "infectious" bronchial asthma.

Chronic bronchial asthma seems to be generated by abnormal functions of PMNs and eosinophils stimulated by local bacterial flora. Once stimulated, they release uncontrolled excessive amounts of ROI and various soluble mediators. These are the expression of disorders in the synthesis of SOD, catalase and other enzymes by PMNs and an excessive production of the so-called anti-inflammatory Th2 type cytokines, mainly IL-4 and IL-5 to the detriment of IFN gamma and other Th1 type cytokines. Treatment consisting of autovaccines obtained from local flora associated with immunomodulators instead of antibiotics or glucocorticoids proved to be beneficial for patients.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The migratory and phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) play a central role in the elimination of most extracellular pathogenic microorganisms and any impairment of their functions therefore predisposes to defect immune defence. We investigated the migratory and phagocytic functions of the PMNs isolated from peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). The results suggest that in RA the number and the migratory but not phagocytic capacity of synovial fluid (SF) neutrophils were enhanced, while in OA they were significantly decreased in synovial fluid cells comparatively with peripheral blood (PB). The migratory function of both PB and SF cells from RA patients was increased comparatively with that of the cells from OA patients. We found the different abnormal functions in synovial fluid neutrophils from RA and OA patients. These results may help to elucidate the underlying mechanism which leads to severe joint destruction and different susceptibility to infectious diseases in patients with rheumatic disorders.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flow cytometric determination of Enterococcus spp. susceptibility to four antimicrobial agents.

Two Enterococcus strains (E. faecalis and E. faecium) isolated from 2 patients in an intensive care unit (blood and drain, respectively) were analyzed for susceptibility to 4 antibiotics (penicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, streptomycin) by agar dilution standard method (MICs), time-kill and flow cytometry. We compared the data from classical methods of antibiotic susceptibility detection, that are compulsory 24 hrs long and flow cytometry results at 5 and 24 hrs cultivation. The results from both classical and flow cytometric analyses were highly cogent and revealed the fact that flow cytometry is very useful in early diagnosis of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intrauterine inoculation, an experimental model in colibacillary infection in mice].

Impuber females of the RAP, Swiss, Albino-Rosso, NRMI and C57Bl mice strains were inoculated by intrauterine route with E. coli O55B5, following up the mortality rate, dissemination and persistence of the bacilli in different organs, the onest of possible lesions in the urinary and genital tract, the reproduction capacity and frequency of coli diarrhea in the progeny. The C57Bl, NRMI and H strains were more sensitive, and the RAP, Swiss and Albino-Rosso more resistent to the lethal effect of the intraperitoneal inoculations. Intrauterine inoculation revealed no significant difference in the susceptibility of the animal strains, the mortality rate being virtually nil even when doses much higher than those inoculated by i.p. route were used, except for C57Bl mice in which lethal cases were recorded also after intrauterine inoculation. E. coli was isolated from the liver and sporadically from the kidneys and urinary bladder up to 14 ways after i.p. inoculation. After intrauterine inoculation E. coli was isolated from the uterus up to 30 days, and sporadically from the kidneys and urinary bladder, but not from the liver. In this case, too, the C57Bl mice were the exception, E. coli benig found in the liver after both i.p. and intrauterine inoculation. The latter inoculation did not influence the reproduction capacity of the females or the appearance of epizootic diarrhea in the progeny.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The in vitro action of a succussed substance on the proliferative response of human lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin.

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy controls, immunodepressed patients presenting chronic bacterial infections or neoplasias and from allergic patients were stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in culture medium supplemented or not with 1 x 10(-7), 1 x 10(-15) or 1 x 10(-30) succussed dilutions or bee venom or phosphorus in tridistilled water. The most significant inhibition due to DNA incorporation was noted in lymphocytes from allergic patients cultivated in media supplemented with 1 x 10(-30) succussed substance dilution in the presence of PHA. The cells from immunodepressed patients did not show a significant inhibition at 1 x 10(-30) dilution. Hypothetically, we try to explain these findings as the expression of the changes induced by the succussed solution on the water molecule which in turn, influences the chemical structure of the cellular membrane and implicitly, its functions.

Bee Venoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The cytochemical reaction of alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase (ANAE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of human cancer.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from neoplasic patients have been investigated by cytochemical analyses of alpha-naphthyl-acetate-esterase (ANAE), marker of both cellular types and differentiation, maturation stages in relation with immunobiologic background of cancer. Our studies employed 32 cancerous human patients and compared them to 13 healthy people used as controls. The cytoenzymatic analysis was performed on whole blood samples, mononuclear cell concentrates (PBL) and rosetted ET and E45 preparations. ANAE dot like reaction, marker for mature T lymphocytes, considered by some authors to be specific to T helper lymphocytes, is present in a reduced number of lymphocytes, markedly below the control values. ANAE dot like positive lymphocytes reached average values of 22.5% (12-30%) in peripheral blood samples, 22% (6-32%) in mononuclear cell concentrate (PBL) and 21.3% (12-30%) in rosetted ET preparations, respectively. Comparing the cytoenzymatic data to those immunologically obtained with rosetted ET, we found out that the average values of ANAE dot like reacted lymphocytes, i.e. 22% (22.9-24.3%) were much lower than those of ET lymphocytes rosetted with sheep red blood cells, i.e. 60% (32-75%). The percentage of ANAE dot like reacted lymphocytes was also lower than that of T helper lymphocytes (40.2%). Therefore, there is a dissociation between ET rosetting capacity and the expression of ANAE dot like enzymatic reaction, the latter being more reduced than the former. Our results indicate that the deficiency present in ANAE dot like reaction is due to a constant important decrease of ANAE dot like positive lymphocytes, what suggests a functional deficiency of T helper lymphocytes in neoplasic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of B4 Coxsackievirus infection on cell-mediated immunity, natural cytotoxicity and interleukin-1 production by spleen cells, in mice.

By using CBA inbred mice as responders, the influence of in vivo B4 Coxsackievirus infection (in two separate experimental procedures) on anti-virus cell-mediated immunity (CMI), natural killer (NK) cell activity and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in spleen cells were studied. Both experimental infection schedules were able to induce a "positive" CMI response. NK cell activity was also significantly stimulated, especially by the administration of high virus amounts/inoculum, with frequent injections. On the contrary, LPS-dependent IL-1 synthesis increased particularly following application of the other experimental schedule (low virus amounts, few injections). Some aspects concerning CMI, NK and IL-1 relationships, during several enteroviral diseases, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A nonspecific immunostimulant effect with Cantastim on the cellular and humoral immune responses in mice evaluated by in vivo and in vitro tests].

The stimulatory effect was evaluated, of an ethanol extraction obtained from a pathogenic strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type XV. It was noted that this extract, commercially known as "Cantastim" has mitogenic effects in vitro for mouse lymphocytes, but not for those of humans or of guinea pigs. It activates the cytostatic functions of macrophages. It is thermoresistant, nonimmunogenic and it is not allergic. A low amount of proteins and carbohydrates are contained in this extract, but it contains over 80% phospholipids. It has a transient stimulating effect of the cytotoxic effects of NK cells, and it also activates the synthesis of antibodies from the IgM and the IgG classes. It probably stimulates the expression of receptors for PHA in the membrane of T lymphocytes, and retards the development of the Ehrlich ascites tumour, protecting at the same time the animals from severe infections with conditionally pathogenic germs. These data suggests that "Cantastim" is a potent immunomodulating agent that could be used successfully in the fight against certain chronic diseases with a bacterial or neoplastic etiology of humans.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗