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Biomedical subjects

A Oner

Publications and source records attributed to A Oner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effect of vitamin E treatment on the oxidative damage occurring in Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

AIM: To evaluate the role of reactive oxygen molecules (ROMs) in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura and the effect of vitamin E on oxidative damage. ROMs have been suggested to contribute in many pathological conditions including renal diseases and vasculitis. METHODS: The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as antioxidant enzymes were measured, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation in 27 children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura at the onset of the disease and during the remission period. The results of this study were compared with those of 11 healthy children studied as a control group. RESULTS: With regard to all the oxidative damage parameters such as SOD, GSH-Px and MDA, significant differences were detected between the patients and the control group in both the acute and remission periods. But no such differences were detected between patients with and those without renal involvement. In 15 patients receiving vitamin E treatment, oxidative damage parameters and clinical course showed no improvement despite significant increases in plasma vitamin E levels. CONCLUSION: Oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation may play an important part in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura but vitamin E given after initiation of lipid peroxidation, which is the last phase of cellular damage, is of no use in breaking down the oxidative chain reactions that have already been triggered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Acute necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis due to systemic adenoviral infection.

To date, all the reported cases of acute necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) secondary to systemic adenovirus infection have occurred in individuals with primary or secondary immunodeficiency, and have resulted in renal failure and death. We present the case of a 12-year-old, immunologically competent girl who developed acute necrotizing TIN with acute renal failure (ARF), hepatitis and meningoencephalitis secondary to a systemic adenoviral infection who completely recovered with supportive care.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed2001

The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for isolated lower pole calculi compared with isolated middle and upper caliceal calculi.

PURPOSE: We assess the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy for isolated lower pole nephrolithiasis, and compare it to that for isolated middle and upper caliceal calculi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated 714 renal units in 687 patients with isolated caliceal stones using a Lithostar lithotriptor (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany). The stones were localized in the lower, mid and upper calices in 455, 104 and 128 patients, respectively. Stone load was recorded in cm.2. Patients were stratified into 3 groups based on stone burden. The energy and shock waves, use of anesthesia, number of treatment sessions, auxiliary measures and complications were noted. Patients were evaluated with intravenous urogram or plain film of kidneys, ureters and bladder, and ultrasonography when stone-free, or clinically significant residual fragment status, including nonobstructive and noninfectious insignificant fragments 4 mm. or less, was noted at the fluoroscopic control 2 to 4 weeks after the last session. Final clinically significant residual fragment decision was made 10 to 12 weeks after the last session. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was considered a failure if no fragmentation was noted after session 3 and continued if fragmentation was noted. Results regarding caliceal localization were compared. RESULTS: Complete data were available on 591 renal units. Auxiliary procedures were used in 81 (14%) units before treatment. Anesthesia was given to 101 (17%) patients. The mean number of shock waves and energy used were 2,022 and 17.4 kV., respectively. The difference in shock wave, energy and treatment rate among 3 caliceal locations reached statistical significance only for energy delivered to the lower and upper calices. The effectiveness quotient of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was 36%, 46% and 41% for lower, middle and upper pole stone disease, respectively (p = 0.4). There was a highly significant correlation between stone-free and re-treatment rates, and stone burden. The overall stone-free rate was 66%, and 63%, 73% and 71% for lower, middle and upper caliceal stones, respectively (p = 0.1). For the group with stones greater than 2 cm.2 overall stone-free rate decreased to 49%, and 53%, 60% and 23% in lower, middle and upper caliceal locations, respectively. Overall, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy failed in 46 (7.7%) renal units. Steinstrasse developed in 39 (6.5%) patients who were then treated with repeat lithotripsy. CONCLUSIONS: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy appears to be successful for management of isolated caliceal stone disease. Treatment efficacy was not significantly different among stones localized in lower, middle and upper poles. We recommend it as the primary treatment of choice for stones less than 2.0 cm.2 in all caliceal locations. Treatment should be individualized for management of caliceal stones greater than 2.0 cm.2 until large prospective randomized trials comparing shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity and plasma malondialdehyde levels in children with Henoch Schönlein purpura.

Reactive oxygen molecules (ROM) have been suggested to contribute to many pathological conditions including vasculitides and renal diseases. In the present study we measured the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as an antioxidant enzyme in red blood cells and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a product and an indicator of lipid peroxidation, in the plasma of 16 children (7M, 9F) with Henoch Schönlein purpura (HSP) at the onset of the disease (SOD 1 and MDA 1) and at the remission period (SOD 2 and MDA 2). The results were compared with the results of 17 healthy children studied as a control group. There was no significant difference for SOD activities between the patients in each period and the control group (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between MDA 1 and MDA 2 levels (p < 0.01), each of which were also significantly different from the MDA levels of control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The effect of ROMs on different clinical conditions of HSP was also examined and lipid peroxidation was found to be increased more in patients with renal involvement. It is concluded that oxidant stress especially lipid peroxidation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HSP and in development of renal injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Microfocal radiography in the diagnosis of childhood renal osteodystrophy.

BACKGROUND: Renal osteodystrophy is common in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) and X-ray is an intensive method in the diagnosis of the disease. In this study we compared microfocal radiography with conventional method for the diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy. METHODS: The X-rays of left wrists of 21 children with CRF and chronic renal insufficiency were taken by conventional and microfocal methods. RESULTS: Both methods revealed osteopenia in all patients (100%), widening, fraying and cupping of ulnar and radial metaphysis in 10 (47.6%), osteosclerosis in three (14.2%) and pseudofracture in one (4.7%) patient. Microfocal radiography demonstrated osteosclerosis in one patient, pseudofracture in four and subperiosteal resorption in five patients that were not detected by conventional method. CONCLUSION: Two methods were found to be significantly different in demonstrating the changes due to rickets and hyperparathyroidism and it is concluded that microfocal radiography may be preferred in the diagnosis of childhood renal osteodystrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Henoch Schönlein purpura and amebiasis.

The pathogenesis of Henoch Schönlein purpura (HSP) is unknown but is believed to result from an immune complex reaction to various antigenic stimuli, such as infectious agents. However, its association with Entamoeba histolytica has not been reported before. We present an 11-year-old boy with HSP, confirmed by the demonstration of leukocytoclastic vasculitis from skin and diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis, together with immunoglobulin A and complement component C3 deposition from renal biopsies. Cysts and trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica were detected from the stool of the patient at the same time and disappeared after the treatment with metranidasole. The temporal association of these two disorders is either coincidental or due to a causal relationship between them.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Cardiac hydatid cyst in left ventricle.

Hydatid cyst of the heart is an uncommon lesion which usually develops in the left ventricle. A 34-year-old patient with hydatid cyst of the left ventricle, who was operated under cardiopulmonary bypass, is presented. Postoperative course at one year was uncomplicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Etiological and clinical patterns of urolithiasis in Turkish children.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and etiological characteristics of childhood urolithiasis in Turkey. METHODS: Ninety-two children with urolithiasis were studied retrospectively according to clinical patterns and etiological factors between January 1990 and January 1995. RESULTS: The age range of the patients was from 2 months to 14 years (mean age 6.9 years), and there was a male/female ratio of 1.6. The onset of the disease was earlier in boys than in girls. The most striking features were the initial admission of 14 (15.2%) children after the development of chronic renal failure and that most of them (64.3%) had infection stones. The stones were localized in the upper urinary system in 68.5% of the patients; bladder stones were rare (10.9%). The recurrence rate at presentation was 15.2% in all patients. As etiological factors, an anatomical defect was found in 30.4% of the patients, infections in 31.5%, and metabolic disorders in 26.1%; 11 (12.0%) of them were classified as idiopathic. The earliest presentation was seen with metabolic and infection stones and the highest recurrence rate (37.5%) in patients with metabolic stones. CONCLUSION: Childhood urolithiasis is a serious problem in Turkey. In order to prevent the development of end-stage renal failure and to improve the patients' quality of life, more efforts should be made with respect to early diagnosis and management of renal stones and urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effects of the pretreatment of intravenous high dose methylprednisolone on Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase and lipid peroxidation and early ultrastructural findings following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat.

The sodium-potassium activated and magnesium dependent adenosine-5'-triphosphatase (Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase EC.3.6.1.3.) activity and lipid peroxidation and early ultrastructural findings were determined in rat brain at the acute stage of ischaemia produced by permanent unilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). The effects of the pretreatment with intravenous high-dose methylprednisolone (MP) on these biochemical indices and ultrastructural findings were also evaluated in the same model. The rats were divided into four groups. In group I, 10 rats were used to determine Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase activity and the extent of lipid peroxidation by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and normal ultrastructural findings. In group II on 20 rats, only subtemporal craniectomy was done in order to determine the effects of the surgical procedure on these indices and findings. This group was treated intravenously with saline solution before occlusion. In group III with MCA occlusion, saline solution was administered intravenously to 20 rats in the same amount of methylprednisolone used in group IV, ten minutes before the occlusion. In Group IV, a single high-dose (30 mg/kg) of methylprednisolone was administered intravenously, ten minutes before occlusion in 20 rats. After occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase activity was decreased promptly in the first ten minutes in the ischaemic hemisphere and remained at a lower level than the contralateral hemispheres in the same group and the normal levels in group I, during 120 minutes of ischaemia. A single dose methylprednisolone pretreatment prohibited the inactivation of Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase. On the other hand, there was significant difference in malondialdehyde content between group I and group III. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased following ischaemia and a non-significant increase was observed in the contralateral hemisphere. Methylprednisolone treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde content on the side of the ischaemic hemisphere. We conclude that there is a positive relationship between membrane-bound enzyme Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase activity, malondialdehyde content and early ultrastructural changes in the treated group with MP. These data suggest that the pretreatment injection of high doses (30 mg/kg) methylprednisolone contribute to the protection of the brain from ischaemia with stabilization of the cell membrane by effecting the lipid peroxidation and the activation of Na(+)-K(+)/Mg(+2) ATPase.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Correlation of alterations on Na(+)-K+/Mg+2 ATPase activity, lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural findings following experimental spinal cord injury with and without intravenous methylprednisolone treatment.

The sodium-potassium activated and magnesium dependent adenosine-5'-triphosphatase (Na(+)-K+/Mg+2 ATPase EC 3.6.1.3.) activity and lipid peroxidation and early ultrastructural findings are determined in rat spinal cord at the early stage of trauma produced by a surgical clip on the thoracal 2-7 segments. The effect of treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) was evaluated the basis of these biochemical alterations and ultrastructural findings in the same model. The specific activity of the membrane bound enzyme Na(+)-K+/Mg+2 ATPase was promptly reduced in as early as ten minutes following spinal cord injury and remained at a level lower than the levels in the control group and in the sham-operated group. Methylprednisolone treatment immediately after the trauma attenuated the inactivation of Na(+)-K+/Mg+2 ATPase. On the other hand, there was significant difference in lipid peroxide content between the sham-operated and the injured animals. Methylprednisolone treatment reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) content in Group IV. We determined a positive relationship among membrane-bound enzyme Na+K+/Mg+2 ATPase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and early ultrastructural changes in the traumatized and treated groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The effect of triple therapy on rapidly progressive type of Henoch-Schönlein nephritis.

Twelve patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura, aged 6-14 years (mean 10.3 years), presenting with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) were investigated prospectively. Analysis of the initial clinical features revealed: oedema (8 patients), hypertension (7 patients), gross haematuria (11 patients), oliguria (5 patients) and a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (< 40 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 8 patients). Renal biopsies were available in 9 patients and revealed focal necrotising and a fibroepithelial type of crescentic glomerulonephritis (with 60%-90% crescent formation). The remaining 3 patients fulfilled the clinical criteria of RPGN. Two patients who were in the acute stage required peritoneal dialysis for a period of 2 weeks. The treatment protocol in all patients consisted of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone (3 days), oral cyclophosphamide (2 months), oral dipyridamole (6 months) and oral prednisolone (3 months). At the end of triple therapy, GFR returned to normal in all but 1 patient. During a follow-up period of 9-39 months, 7 patients achieved complete remission, while 4 patients showed partial remission, 3 of whom had persistent proteinuria and haematuria and 1 microscopic haematuria only. One patient had persistent nephropathy with decreased GFR and macroscopic haematuria and nephrotic-range proteinuria. His renal biopsy, performed 30 months after the onset of the disease, showed chronic diffuse sclerosing glomerulonephritis and intratubular severe IgA deposition. Although our patient group was small, this type of intensive treatment appears to be effective; further studies are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Urodynamic evaluation in spinal cord injuries.

Spinal cord injury, regardless of its level, causes flaccid paralysis during the shock phase affecting the detrusor and rectal musculature. Then, depending on the level and severity of the lesion, the bladder gains spasticity or remains flaccid. Monitoring the reflex behaviour of detrusor and sphincter activities helps to select the treatment modalities. Thirty patients with cord injuries of various levels have been urodynamically tested at 3-month intervals. The shock phase of the acutely tested patients lasted about 8-9 weeks. Eventually, 23 of the cases were hyperreflexic, while 7 cases remained areflexic: 2 had detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. The response to treatment has been investigated by cystometrographical and electromyographical methods.

Adolescent↗