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Biomedical subjects

A Osborn

Publications and source records attributed to A Osborn.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Intravascular lymphomatosis: contribution of cerebral MRI findings to diagnosis.

Intravascular lymphomatosis (IL) is a rare variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an unusual predilection for the central nervous system (CNS). Most cases are not diagnosed until postmortem because of variable clinical presentation and nonspecific laboratory findings. Neuroimaging findings vary widely and range from diffuse involvement of the deep white matter to infarct-like lesions. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may show parenchymal and meningeal gadolinium enhancement. The authors describe brain MRI findings of linear, punctate, and patchy enhancement suggestive of CNS IL in two patients confirmed by brain biopsy/histologic studies. High index of clinical suspicion and careful interpretation of MRI (including gadolinium contrast studies) may contribute to premortem diagnosis and early intervention of this often-missed disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A placebo controlled double blind trial to evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed short wave therapy for osteoarthritic hip and knee pain.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of pulsed short wave (PSW) in the relief of pain in osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Ninety-two patients, mean age 63 years, (34 men and 58 women) were randomly allocated to one of three groups: (1) Active PSW, using the dosage found in a pilot study to be non-significantly most effective, (2) Placebo PSW, (3) No treatment control group. Nine sessions of treatment were provided over a 3-week period, each application lasting for 15 min. The machine was modified by the manufacturers so that the therapist was able to administer the treatment and carry out assessments without being aware of the treatment allocation. Outcome measures included sensory and affective pain diary reports averaged over days and weeks, self-reported benefit and the General Health Questionnaire. Analysis of variance with repeated measures over time was used to find out if the active treatment had a specific effect, incremental to the placebo effect. There were no significant differences between the active and placebo groups over time. According to the pain diary reports, both active and placebo groups tended to improve slightly during treatment, but worsened after its withdrawal. Patients who were given the placebo application tended to report more benefit than those who had the active treatment, although this did not quite reach statistical significance (P < 0.06). Patients who were not on a waiting list for surgery did significantly better over time than those who were (P < 0.03). There were no significant differences between the groups over time for the other outcome variables. Any treatment effect on this patient population appears to have been largely placebo-mediated. No evidence was found therefore for the specific effectiveness of PSW for treatment of osteoarthritic hip or knee pain.

Affect↗
PubMed1995

The correlation of cavernous systolic occlusion pressure with peak velocity flow using color duplex Doppler ultrasound.

This prospective study involved 27 patients who underwent dynamic infusion cavernosometry/cavernosography and color duplex Doppler ultrasound. Phase III dynamic infusion cavernosometry/cavernosography determination of cavernous artery systolic occlusion pressure and color duplex Doppler measurements of peak velocity flow were performed. Four subpopulations were defined: 1) normal cavernous artery systolic occlusion pressure and peak velocity flow, 2) abnormal systolic occlusion pressure and normal peak velocity flow, 3) normal systolic occlusion pressure and abnormal peak velocity flow, and 4) abnormal systolic occlusion pressure and peak velocity flow. Peak velocity flow significantly correlated with cavernous artery systolic occlusion pressure and, using a normal value of greater than 25 cm. per second, resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 95%. The positive predictive value of an abnormal peak velocity flow was calculated to be 95%. We conclude that peak velocity flow is an effective, reliable and noninvasive means of evaluating corporeal arterial function in an office setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The bottom line.

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Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1984

Teenage mothering: child development at five years.

Developmental outcome at 5 yr was compared in 1031 singleton children of teenage mothers and 10,950 singleton children of older mothers in a national longitudinal study. Children born to teenage mothers and living with them through the first 5 yr performed less well than other children in tests of vocabulary and behaviour at 5 yr of age; they were also shorter on average and had a smaller head circumference. These differences remained significant after allowing for certain social and biological factors, whereas a difference on visuomotor coordination did not. Teenage mothering thus appears somewhat disadvantageous to children's development.

Adolescent↗