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Biomedical subjects

A Ost

Publications and source records attributed to A Ost.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A clinico-pathological and immunological study of unfavourable non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Comparison of the Rappaport and Kiel classifications.

To evaluate the prognostic information of the Kiel classification a homogeneous material of 63 non-Hodgkin lymphomas of unfavourable Rappaport histology were re-evaluated according to the definitions of the Kiel classification. The patients were selected from a prospective lymphoma study including 775 patients. Only ambiguous histological diagnoses analysed independently by two hematopathologists were accepted. Immunological markers of the tumours studied both in suspensions and on cryostate sections were in addition analysed in 40 of the patients. Forty-one per cent (26/63) were of high grade malignancy according to the Kiel classification, 59% (36/63) were of low-grade malignancy. The DLPD group was most heterogeneous while a better concordance was found between DM and CB/CC and between DH and CB cases. However, prognostic subgroups of the two classifications were only partly equivalent. A good correlation was found between the Kiel high-grade malignant group and patients of Rappaport poorest prognosis (DU, DH). Eighty-eight per cent of the lymphomas were of B cell, 5% of T cell and 7% of non-B-non-T phenotypes. Both the Kiel and Rappaport morphologic classifications predicted survival in this selected material. Patients with B phenotypes survived longer than patients with lymphomas of non-B type. Among patients with diffuse lymphomas, those with a nodular and irregular distribution of immunoglobulin and C3d receptors tended to respond better and survived longer. No prognostic information was obtained from immunoglobulin isotypes, C3d or Fc-gamma receptors. It is concluded that the Kiel classification is equally reliable for clinical judgement as the Rappaport system and that immunological marker studies may add prognostic information.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Myocardial rupture with cardiac tamponade as a lethal early manifestation of acute myeloblastic leukemia.

A 73-year-old woman presented with a two-week history of increasing lassitude and fever. The hemoglobin level was 152 g/l and the total leucocyte count was 348 X 10(9)/l with 97% blasts. Before the diagnosis of acute leukemia could be confirmed by bone marrow examination, the patient developed shock and died within a few minutes. At autopsy a myocardial rupture of the left lateral wall apparently due to a massive leukemic infiltration was found.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Glucocorticoid receptor concentrations and terminal transferase activity as indicators of prognosis in acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia.

Activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), adenosine deaminase, and 5'nucleotidase and the cellular concentration of glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) receptor were determined in 25 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia. All patients were treated according to a common protocol. Increased activity of TdT (greater than 0.1 unit/microgram DNA) was found in 11 patients. This group of patients was shown to have higher remission and survival rates (p = 0.06) compared with patients with low activity of TdT. The glucocorticoid receptor concentration of the leukaemic blast cells ranged from 0 to 0.94 fmol/microgram DNA. Thirteen patients had blast cells with a glucocorticoid receptor concentration over 0.22 fmol/microgram DNA. These patients had significantly increased remission and survival rates (p = 0.006) compared with those with a low receptor concentration. This finding cannot be explained by a difference in sensitivity to glucocorticoids since these were not used as therapeutic agents. Adenosine deaminase and 5'nucleotidase activities both varied within two orders of magnitude. No correlation could be found between activities of these enzymes and remission or survival rate. These results show that measurements of TdT activity and the glucocorticoid receptor concentration yield valuable prognostic information in acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1981

Relapse of acute myeloblastic leukemia lasting for four years. Production by leukemic cells of colony-stimulating activity and non-production of leukemia-associated inhibitor.

A 36-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia (M2) achieved complete remission in Feb. 1973, after ten weeks of chemotherapy with rubidomycin-cytosine arabinoside. She received weekly immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin and allogeneic non-irradiated blast cells and monthly chemotherapy with thioguanine-cytosine arabinoside as maintenance. The bone marrow remained normocellular for 20 months. A first relapse occurred after this period. A second remission was achieved by seven courses of different cytostatic combinations. A second relapse, refractory to all cytostatic combinations tried, occurred in June 1976. She was thereafter in relapse until her death in July 1980. Autopsy showed extensive leukemic infiltration in bone marrow, liver, spleen, pericardium, stomach, and lymph nodes. Cytochemistry, surface markers, the capacity to stimulate lymphocytes, the in vitro growth pattern (colony-forming unit culture) of bone marrow and biochemical analyses did not give any remarkable results. In contrast, the peripheral blood cells produced a normal amount of colony-stimulating activity, which is significantly more than that produced by the blood from other leukemia patients. In liquid culture, the peripheral blood cells from this patient also seemed to live longer and mature more than cells from other leukemia patients. Finally, the peripheral leukemic cells from this patient seemed to produce far less leukemia-associated stem cell inhibitor than cells from other leukemia patients. The normal colony-stimulating activity production by leukemic cells and the absence of leukemia-associated stem cell inhibitor may therefore explain the long survival of this patient in relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Reversible bone marrow granulomas-adverse effect of oxyphenbutazone therapy.

A 48-year-old woman treated with oxyphenbutazone developed fever, gastrointestinal disturbances, mucocutaneous reactions, leukopenia, eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy showed granulomatous lesions. Following withdrawal of the drug, all signs and symptoms subsided and the blood changes and the bone marrow biopsy normalized. The granulomatous reaction in the bone marrow is considered to be a hypersensitivity manifestation of oxyphenbutazone.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1980

Muscular hyperplasia of the lung: a clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic study.

The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic characteristics of pulmonary muscular hyperplasia were analyzed in 13 patients who were seen over a 13 year period. The average follow-up period was 7.2 years (range, 1-13). Eight patients initially demonstrated interstitial disease radiographically and the radiographic diagnosis was "interstitial fibrosis." The radiographs of the other five patients exhibited only localized infiltrates initially--produced by bronchiectasis in three, inflammatory mass in one, and bronchial carcinoma in one. Histologic features were consistent with desquamative interstitial pneumonia in eight, usual interstitial pneumonia in one, and unspecified interstitial pneumonia in four. When tuberous sclerosis is absent, pulmonary muscular hyperplasia is probably an end stage of interstitial pneumonia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intestinal metaplasia in the gastric remnant following resection for benign ulcer disease: a comparison between morphology and histochemistry.

A follow-up study including endoscopic examinations was performed on patients previously (23--27 years earlier) treated with partial gastrectomies for benign ulcer disease. From 106 patients satisfactory biopsy specimens were obtained. Intestinal metaplasia was diagnosed on pure morphologic findings and on histochemical findings (alcian blue at pH 2,5). The histochemical method was shown to be more sensitive. The significance of intestinal metaplasia in the carcinogenesis is briefly discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Tranexamic acid in massive haemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract: a double-blind study.

In a double-blind trial of tranexamic acid in massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, 76 patients were treated with the active drug and 73 patients with placebo. The doses were 1 g intravenously six times daily for a maximum of 3 days, followed by 1.5 g orally four times daily for a maximum of 4 days. The treatment group and the placebo group were comparable with respect to mean age, diagnoses and laboratory tests but differed slightly with respect to sex and alcohol consumption. The transfusion requirement in the treatment group was less than in the placebo group during the first days after admission, the difference being significant on the second day after admission. Ten patients in the treatment group and 18 patients in the placebo group were operated on. Eleven patients in the treatment group and 12 patients in the placebo group died. In the tranexamic-acid-treated group fewer operations were performed and significantly less blood was needed. It therefore seems highly likely that tranexamic acid has a beneficial effect, although small.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The incidence of carcinoma in the gastric remnant after resection for benign ulcer disease.

UNLABELLED: During the period 1950-1953, gastric resection was performed on 569 patients for benign ulcer disease at the Serafimer Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The purpose of this investigation uas to assess the incidence of cancer and precancerous lesions in the gastric remnant. There were 15 postoperative deaths. 223 patients when traced were dead, and in 130 of these follow-up was adequate. Two cases with carcinoma in the gastric remnant were found among these. 72 patients were lost from follow-up. 253 patients when traced were alive, and in 111 of these, endoscopy and biopsy have been performed. In one patient there was a severe dysplasia but no invasive carcinomas were found. CONCLUSION: 130 dead patients and 111 living patients have been adequately followed after gastric resection for benign ulcer disease. Two carcinomas were found which makes the incidence 0,8%.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunodeficiency and prognosis in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Monocyte depleted blood lymphocyte subpopulations, their functions and relation to prognosis were studied in 68 untreated adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas classified according to the Kiel nomenclature. The median observation time was 48 months (range 41-60). The mean total blood lymphocyte and T (SRBC-rosetting) cell counts were significantly decreased as compared with age-matched controls (n = 57). Twenty-five per cent of the patients had a monoclonal blood B lymphocyte population. The spontaneous lymphocyte DNA synthesis, measured as incorporation of 14C-thymidine, was increased and the response to mitogen and antigen stimulation was decreased. Blood lymphocyte counts and functions before treatment were not related to the rates of remission or survival.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myelodysplastic syndrome following epipodophyllotoxin therapy in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

The prognosis for patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is poor, but the survival of affected children has been markedly prolonged by treatment with the epipodophyllotoxin derivatives etoposide and teniposide and by bone marrow transplantation. Secondary malignancies following epipodophyllotoxin therapy, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), have recently been reported. We describe a 9-year-old boy, treated with epipodophyllotoxins for FHL since he was 3 years old, who developed MDS. He was administered etoposide (cumulative doses of 6.9 g/m2 intravenously and 13.6 g/m2 orally) and teniposide (3.4 g/m2 intravenously), but no other systemic antineoplastic drugs. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a child with FHL developing MDS or AML. Moreover, MDS or AML following administration of epipodophyllotoxins as the sole systemic chemotherapeutic drug has not been reported previously. Supportive treatments, including the use of immunomodulating drugs, may reduce the risk for secondary leukemia in patients with FHL.

Child↗