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Biomedical subjects

A Ott

Publications and source records attributed to A Ott.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Senescence in the skin.

No difference was found between groups of senescent subjects and younger adults in the control of skin temperature, heat radiation and transcutaneous oxygen pressure. Although capillary numbers decline in elderly skin, transcutaneous oxygen pressure at 43 degrees C in elderly skin is no lower than in young subjects. Topical tretinoin (0.05%) increases heat radiation from the skin, but there is no correlation with an improvement in superficial wrinkles. No conclusion is possible regarding the effects of topical tretinoin on transcutaneous oxygen diffusion due to a wide variability in results; sometimes it is increased and sometimes it is decreased. In different regions of the skin, such as the face and thigh, increased skin radiation and skin contact temperature are not associated with increased transcutaneous oxygen diffusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnostic value of various laboratory parameters in acute pancreatitis].

In 427 samples of serum and urine, collected during their stay at hospital from 40 patients affected with acute pancreatitis, the sensitivity and the specifity of total amylase and lipase in serum, total amylase and pancreas isoamylase in urine, as well as the amylase-/creatinine clearance were determined. The pancreas isoamylase in serum was used as reference value. It appeared that the sensitivity of the lipase was next to that of the pancreas isoamylase in serum, even in limit ranges. Usually the lipase stayed pathological the longest and could therefore be used to identify in the best way even an easing-off pancreatitis. The diagnostic accuracy of the total amylase in serum and urine, of the pancreatic isoamylase in urine and of the amylase-/creatinine clearance was found to be obviously less reliable. The specifity of all examined tests was reduced in patients with renal insufficiency, liver disease, alcohol abuse and in patients with abdominal pains of non pancreatic origin. Concluding form our results and with regard to the expenditure of laboratory technique and to the time required by the methods of determination, we found that of all the examined parameters, the lipase was the most convenient for both emergency and routine diagnose of an acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Borrelia burgdorferi, clinical aspects, cultivation and identification of the pathogen in erythema migrans in Berlin].

Among other manifestations, the following diseases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi in Europe are transmitted by ticks of the species ixodes ricinus: erythema migrans (EM), lymphadenosis benigna cutis (LBC), lymphocytic meningo-radiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome), and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA). We report on a female patient, who developed EM 10 days after a-tick bite in Berlin. Borrelia burgdorferi could be cultivated from a skin biopsy specimen taken from the periphery of the EM. The isolates were identified as Borrelia burgdorferi by indirect immunofluorescence using the monoclonal antibodies H 9724 and H 5332.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic value of a diagnostic strip for determining urinary amylase].

The semiquantitative determination of amylase in urine with a stick-method has produced controversial results as to its diagnostical significance. In our study we compared the result of the Rapignost-test with the simultaneously measures activity of enzymes (total amylase, pancreatic isoamylase in serum and urine and lipase) in 323 samples of serum and urine taken from 32 patients affected with acute pancreatitis. On the 1st day of hospitalization Rapignost was positive in only 17 out of 32 cases. Both sensitivity and specificity of the test depended of the values referred to. Near range limits and in cases with slight or average increase of the enzymes, the correspondence of Rapignost results were unsatisfactory. We found a good correspondence in cases with normal low and excessively high values of the enzymes. On the whole, Rapignost showed the best correspondence with the pancreas isoamylase in urine. The result of Rapignost was also positive in 5 out of 15 cases with extrapancreatic increased urinary amylase, which confirms its lack of organ specificity. From case to case, the -, and + + test results of Rapignost did not lead to any conclusions as to the absolute values of the enzymes in serum and urine. Our results show that Rapignost does not offer enough safety either to confirm or to exclude an acute pancreatitis, and especially it should not be used as a screening test in emergency diagnostics. The determination of the enzyme, in particular in serum, can not be eluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Extrapancreatic hyperamylasemia. Diagnostic value of isoamylase and lipase determination].

The P- and S-isoamylase and lipase of 72 patients with extrapancreatic hyperamylasemia were determined and their diagnostic value checked to rule out a pancreatic origin. The hyperenzymemia was generally slight although extremely high values were observed in isolated cases. The increased serum amylase results were more often caused by P-, rather than S-isoamylase, while in 28% of cases lipase was also increased. In lung diseases, anorexia and disorders of the head organs only S-isoamylase was pathologically increased while P-isoamylase and lipase remained normal. In other entities such as liver, stomach and intestinal diseases, functional disorders, acidosis, infections, etc., the isoenzymes and lipase showed a variable tendency to increase. Thus, extrapancreatic hyperamylasemia could not always be identified by detection of isoamylases or with the aid of lipase determinations. Overall, however, lipase more often remained in the normal range and was therefore more useful than determination of the isoamylases in differentiating hyperenzymemia.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1989

Marginal zone of the murine spleen in autotransplants: functional and histological observations in the response against a thymus-independent type 2 antigen.

Splenic tissue from mice was autotransplanted; after initial necrosis, a rapid restoration of implants into a structure histologically indistinguishable from splenic tissue was observed. The development of the marginal zone in these autotransplants, as determined with monoclonal antibodies against different splenic cell types and routine histological stains, was compared with the local and systemic response against a thymus-independent (TI) type 2 antigen. Full restoration of time course and peak of anti-trinitrophenyl (TNP) serum titres against TNP-Ficoll was observed at 4 weeks after autotransplantation. Anti-TNP antibody-forming cells were observed in subnormal and normal numbers in 2- and 4-week old autotransplants, respectively. The appearance of normal numbers of antibody-forming cells, and the restoration of antibody titres at week 4 correlated with the return of newly formed B cells in a normal marginal zone. An unexpected observation was that marginal zone macrophages did not return until 10 weeks after transplantation, thereby making the necessity for these cells in the normal TI-2 response unlikely. We conclude that normal anti-TI-2 responses (onset and peak titres) can be restored by autotransplantation of splenic tissue. B cells and marginal zone organization are responsible for this response, for which marginal zone macrophages seem expendable. The partial protection against overwhelming post-splenectomy infections, given by autotransplants, can thus be explained by restorative capabilities of these implants on antigen presentation and antibody formation against TI-2 antigens, and not by an increase (compared with splenectomized individuals) of phagocytosis by marginal zone macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Streptococcus bovis bacteremia and colonic diseases].

Four febrile patients were found to have a bacteraemia or endocarditis caused by Streptococcus bovis. Although there were no gastrointestinal symptoms, polyps in the colon, of a high degree of malignancy, were discovered in three. In the fourth, carcinoma of the colon, requiring resection, was found seven years after Streptococcus bovis endocarditis. The polyps were removed by endoscopy and the Streptococcus bovis infection in all cases cured by penicillin. All four patients had accompanying resistance-lowering illnesses, which favoured microbial invasion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[The epidemiology of Borrelia burgdorferi infections. A pilot study from the Männedorf area].

Only a few investigations have been conducted into the incidence of Lyme borreliosis and the prevalence and clinical value of increased antibody titers against Borrelia burgdorferi. We prospectively examined 241 persons and found increased titers in 23 (9.5%); only two of them had a history of Lyme borreliosis. The concentrations of increased IgG-antibody titers in healthy persons were comparable to those in patients with actual Lyme borreliosis. In the latter, IgM-antibodies were frequently absent. Our results suggest an infection rate of about 10% in this region of Switzerland. They further emphasize that the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis must primarily be established clinically and by exclusion of other etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Persistent acantholytic dermatosis with increased light sensitivity].

We report on a 72-year-old man suffering from transient acantholytic dermatosis (TAD). The histologic pattern resembled that of Darier's disease. The disorder first set on after an episode of intensive exposure to sunlight and persisted for 6 years. The only drug the patient took during this period was the prophylactic antimaterial preparation, Fansidar. His sensitivity to UVB radiation was markedly increased. After Fansidar was replaced by Resochin, the skin cleared up. After one year the sensitivity to UVB had normalized.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Inflammation and transcutaneous measurement of oxygen pressure in dermatology.

In this study the influence of local inflammation on tcPO2 values at different electrode temperatures has been investigated. The measurements were performed on UV-erythema, contact dermatitis and other inflammatory reactions of the skin. Different types of inflammation and different degrees of damage can lead to very different reactions in the microcirculation and this will have an effect on the tcPO2 levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Erythema migrans. The clinical spectrum of Borrelia burgdorferi infection].

17 patients with acute and chronic symptoms of Borrelia burgdorferi infection are described. These cases, which were diagnosed within a short period of time at the Männedorf-Zürich hospital, suggest that Erythema migrans disease is likely to be frequent in Switzerland as well as elsewhere.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of S9 mix and hepatocytes as external metabolizing systems in mammalian cell cultures: cytogenetic effects of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene and aflatoxin B1.

Two external metabolizing systems, S9 mix from Aroclor-induced rat livers and freshly isolated hepatocytes, were used for activation in cultures of human lymphocytes and V79 cells. 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were employed as indirectly acting reference mutagens. Mutagenic effects were measured by induction of sister chromatid exchange (SCE). With DMBA, SCE-inducing effects were found to be quite similar after activation by S9 mix and activation by hepatocytes. In human lymphocytes nearly the same dose-effect relationships were found with both metabolizing systems; in V79 cells the hepatocyte-mediated induction of SCE was detectable at slightly lower concentrations than the S9-mediated SCE induction. In contrast with AFB1, S9 activation led to a stronger SCE induction than hepatocyte activation in both target cells. The induction of chromosomal aberrations by AFB1 after activation by the two metabolizing systems was also analysed in V79 cells. This experiment again revealed that AFB1 was more efficiently activated by S9 mix than by hepatocytes, and it appeared that AFB1 is a more potent inducer of chromosomal aberrations than of SCE. The different activation capacities of the two metabolizing systems for AFB1 may be due to the maintenance of inactivation mechanisms in hepatocytes or to the Aroclor induction of the S9 fraction. Our experiments have shown that the suitability of hepatocytes as an activation system is not restricted to microbial or eukaryotic point mutation assays, but that hepatocyte metabolism can also be successfully included in cytogenetic tests with short- and long-term cultures of mammalian target cells.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1986

[Toxic shock syndrome].

A 23-year-old woman developed mitigated toxic shock syndrome while using intravaginal tampons during menstruation. The Staphylococcus aureus strain isolated from the vaginal epithelium produced the responsible exotoxin (TSST-1).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Origin of two different classes of defective HSV-1 Angelotti DNA.

During serial passages of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) at high multiplicity of infection, virions containing defective viral DNA accumulate in the progeny. The defective DNA molecules are made up by repeats of restricted portions of the standard viral genome. Two different classes of defective DNA derived from HSV-1 Angelotti (ANG) in independent series of high MOI-passages were studied. The nucleotide sequences contained in the defective DNA were localized on the parental viral genome. One of the two classes contained sequences from non-contiguous sites mapping in unique and in redundant regions of the parental DNA, whereas the second class apparently originates from the S-terminal redundant region of the parental DNA. The localization of defective DNA sequences was complicated by the fact that there exists sequence homology between the S-terminal redundancy and various unique DNA sequences in the L-segment of the HSV-1 ANG genome.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1979

Herpes simplex virus type 1 Angelotti and a defective viral genotype: analysis of genome structures and genetic relatedness by DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics.

DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics of herpes simplex virus type 1 Angelotti DNA and a class of defective viral DNA revealed that the viral standard genome has a total sequence complexity of about 93 X 10(6) daltons and that a portion of 11 X 10(6) daltons occurs twice on the viral genome. These results agree with structural features of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA derived from electron microscopic studies and restriction enzyme analyses by several investigators. The defective viral DNA (molecular weight, about 97 X 10(6)) displays a sequence complexity of about 11 X 10(6) daltons, suggesting that the molecule is built up by repetitions of standard DNA sequences comprising about 15,000 base pairs. A 2 X 10(6)-dalton portion of these sequences maps in the redundant region and a 9 X 10(6)-dalton portion maps in the unique part of the standard herpes simplex virus type 1 Angelotti DNA, as could be shown by reassociation of viral standard DNA in the presence of defective DNA and vice versa. No cellular DNA sequences could be detected in defective DNA. A 12% molar fraction of the defective DNA consists of highly repetitive sequences of about 350 to 500 base pairs in length.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1978

Synthesis and packaging of herpes simplex virus DNA in the course of virus passages at high multiplicity.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), strain ANG, was passaged serially at high MOI or undiluted on RC-37 cells. The yields of infectious virus decreased and increased periodically with a maximum of about 3 log units variation in titer. The amount of newly synthesized HSV-1 DNA, however, did not vary by more than a factor of 2. On the other hand, the fraction of total HSV-1 DNA associated with virions was reduced at passage numbers coinciding with the minima in the yields of infectious progeny virus. Apparently, low yields of infectious virus mainly reflected a reduced efficiency of packaging of viral DNA into mature virus particles. One step in the process of virus maturation which appeared to be impaired was the assembly of nucleocapsids. HSV-1 ang was shown to be capable of generating different classes of defective particle in independent series of virus passages at high MOI.

Capsid↗