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Biomedical subjects

A Ozden

Publications and source records attributed to A Ozden.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of the Sit-to-Stand Test with 6 min walk test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the utility of Sit-to-Stand Test (STST) compared to the 6min walking test (6MWT) for the evaluation of functional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL-METHOD SUBJECTS: Fifty-three patients with stable COPD (mean forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV(1)) 46+/-9% predicted, mean age 71+/-12 year) and 15 healthy individuals (mean FEV(1) 101+/-13% predicted and mean age 63+/-8) were included. INTERVENTIONS: Functional performance was evaluated by STST and 6MWT. During the tests, severity of dyspnea (by Modified Borg Scale), heart rate, pulsed oxygen saturation (SpO(2), by Modified Borg Scale) (by pulse oxymeter), blood pressure were measured. The pulmonary function (by spirometry), quadriceps femoris muscle strength (by manual muscle test) and quality of life (by Nottingham Health Profile Survey) were evaluated. RESULTS: The STST and 6MWT results were lower in COPD group than the healthy group (P<0.05). During the 6MWT the rise in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and the decrease in SpO(2) were statistically significant according to STST in COPD groups (P<0.05). The STST and 6MWT were strongly correlated with each other in both groups (P<0.05). Similarly, they were correlated with age, quality of life, peripheral muscle strength and dyspnea severity in COPD groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Similar to 6MWT, STST is also able to determine the functional state correctly. Additionally, it produces less hemodynamical stress compared to the 6MWT. In conclusion, STST can be used as an alternative of the 6MWT in patients with COPD.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Lamivudine prophylaxis for prevention of chemotherapy-induced hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis B virus carriers with malignancies.

Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV carriers undergoing immunosuppressive therapy is clearly documented, the role of antiviral prophylaxis in such individuals is still controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of lamivudine prophylaxis in HBV carriers with haemato/oncological malignancies, who receive chemotherapy. Eighteen HBV carriers with malignancy, who were candidates for chemotherapy, were enrolled. Eight subjects (three with leukaemia, four with lymphoma and one with multiple myeloma) were enrolled for prophylactic lamivudine therapy. The remaining 10 patients (six with leukaemia, three with lymphoma and one with breast cancer) were not treated with lamivudine and were used as a control. Lamivudine was administered beginning on the same day as the chemotherapy and was maintained for a year after chemotherapy was discontinued. No HBV-related mortality was observed in either group. In the lamivudine-treated group, none of the subjects had clinical, biochemical or serological evidence of HBV reactivation during the time they were receiving chemotherapy and after their chemotherapy was discontinued. In contrast, five of the 10 HBV carriers not receiving lamivudine therapy experienced a reactivation of HBV infection. This reactivation of HBV was observed during the chemotherapy in four with one individual experiencing a HBV activation 12 months after chemotherapy was discontinued. No lamivudine-related major adverse effects were observed. Hence prophylactic lamivudine treatment in HBV carriers with haemato/oncological malignancy receiving chemotherapy prevents chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The status of antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori in eastern Europe.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the primary, secondary and combined resistance to five antimicrobial agents of 2340 Helicobacter pylori isolates from 19 centers in 10 countries in eastern Europe. METHODS: Data were available for centers in Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Slovenia and Turkey. Susceptibility was tested by agar dilution (seven countries), E test (five countries) and disk diffusion (three countries) methods. Resistance breakpoints (mg/L) were: metronidazole 8, clarithromycin 1, amoxicillin 0.5, tetracycline 4, and ciprofloxacin 1 or 4 in most centers. Primary and post-treatment resistance was assessed in 2003 and 337 isolates respectively. Results for 282 children and 201 adults were compared. RESULTS: Primary resistance rates since 1998 were: metronidazole 37.9%, clarithromycin 9.5%, amoxicillin 0.9%, tetracycline 1.9%, ciprofloxacin 3.9%, and both metronidazole and clarithromycin 6.1%. Isolates from centers in Slovenia and Lithuania exhibited low resistance rates. Since 1998, amoxicillin resistance has been detected in the southeastern region. From 1996, metronidazole resistance increased significantly from 30.5% to 36.4%, while clarithromycin resistance increased slightly from 8.9% to 10.6%. In centers in Greece, Poland, and Bulgaria, the mean metronidazole resistance was slightly higher in adults than in children (39% versus 31.2%, P > 0.05); this trend was not found for clarithromycin or amoxicillin (P > 0.20). Post-treatment resistance rates exhibited wide variations. CONCLUSIONS: In eastern Europe, primary H. pylori resistance to metronidazole is considerable, and that to clarithromycin is similar to or slightly higher than that in western Europe. Resistance to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was detected in several centers. Primary and post-treatment resistance rates vary greatly between centers.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The effect of trimetazidine on the survival of rat island skin flaps subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on flap ischemia-reperfusion injury was investigated in rat inferior epigastric artery flaps. Twenty-six rats, divided into four experimental groups-nonischemic group (group 1, N = 5), ischemic control group (group 2, N = 7), preischemic TMZ-treated group (group 3, N = 7), and postischemic TMZ-treated group (group 4, N = 7)-were used. Rat inferior epigastric artery flaps were rendered ischemic by occluding the feeding femoral artery, and they were reperfused by releasing the clamps after 11 hours in groups 2 through 4. Group 3 rats were given TMZ (3 mg per kilogram, intravenously) diluted in saline before application of the clamp, and group 4 rats were given TMZ before clamp removal. Flap survival was scored on postoperative day 8. All flaps in the nonischemic control group (group 1) survived completely. The ischemic control group (group 2) demonstrated a 6.3 +/- 4.3% survival area. In the preischemic TMZ group (group 3) the mean survival area was 76.9 +/- 6.1%, and in the postischemic TMZ group (group 4) it was 76.8 +/- 5.6%. TMZ-treated flaps showed a significant increase in survival area regardless of the time of administration (p = 0.001, group 3 vs. group 2; p = 0.001, group 4 vs. group 2). This finding suggests that TMZ has a beneficial effect on the prevention or treatment of arterial ischemic flaps.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Antithrombin III reduces renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Few studies have pointed out the relationship between ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the coagulation system. Antithrombin III (AT) has anti-inflammatory effects in IR injury. We investigated the effect of AT supplementation on renal IR injury in rats achieved by clamping of the left renal pedicle for 60 min and subsequent 24-h reperfusion after right nephrectomy. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated (no IR injury), ischemic controls, and an AT-treated group (250 U/kg before reperfusion). Creatinine values, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and histopathological damage were investigated after 24 h of reperfusion. In addition, the 7-day survival rates in each group were evaluated. Creatinine and MDA levels and MPO activity were significantly elevated and histopathological damage was more severe in controls than in the sham group (P<0.05). Creatinine and MDA levels and MPO activity were significantly lower and there was less histopathological damage in the AT group than in controls. Accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and neutrophils were significantly inhibited by AT treatment. We conclude that AT may attenuate renal IR injury in rats.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2000

Vacuolating cytotoxic activity of 40 Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Turkish patients.

In this study we examined the in vitro vacuolating cytotoxic activity of Helicobacter pylori, which is a gram-negative microaerophilic curved bacterium and a causative agent of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric ulcer. A vacuolating cytotoxin assay was performed to assess the vacuolating activity of 40 strains (20 gastritis, 11 gastric ulcer, and 9 duodenal ulcer), which were obtained from patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The Vero cell line was used in the cytotoxic assay. Of the 40 isolates, 24 (12 gastritis, 6 gastric ulcer, 6 duodenal ulcer) were cytotoxic for the Vero cell line at 1:4 and 1:8 dilutions. Thus, vacuolating cytotoxin of H. pylori affects the Vero cell line, but it seems there is no correlation between the positivity of the strains and the risk of any particular H. pylori disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Cytoprotective effect of trimetazidine on 60 minutes of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Trimetazidine (TMZ), a potent antioxidant agent, has been used to protect the myocardium, liver and kidney from ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. We investigated the effect of TMZ, a cellular anti-ischemic agent and a free radical scavenger, on 60 min of warm intestinal IR injury in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: a sham-operated group (no IR injury, n = 8), an ischemic control group (control, n = 8), and a TMZ-treated group (3 mg/kg, n = 8). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and mucosal damage were investigated after 120 min of reperfusion. MDA levels and MPO activity were more elevated and histopathological damage more severe in the control group than in the sham group (P < 0.05). MDA levels and MPO activity were lower and there was less histopathological damage in the TMZ group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and neutrophils in mucosal tissues were significantly inhibited by TMZ treatment. We conclude that pretreatment of rats with TMZ before intestinal ischemia attenuates but does not prevent, histological damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Antithrombin III prevents 60 min warm intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

We investigated the effect of antithrombin III on 60 min warm intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 220-250 g, were divided into three groups: group 1 sham-operated group (no IR injury, n = 8), group 2 ischemic control group (control, Ringer's lactate infused, n = 8), group 3 Antithrombin III treated group (250 U/kg before ischemia, n = 8). Intestinal ischemia was induced in rats by occluding the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and mucosal damage were investigated after 120 min reperfusion. Elevated MDA levels and MPO activity and severe histopathological damage were observed in the control group compared with the sham group (P < 0.05). Decreased MDA levels and MPO activity and less histopathological damage were detected in group 3 compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and neutrophils in mucosal tissues were significantly inhibited by antithrombin III treatment. We conclude that treatment with antithrombin III before intestinal ischemia prevents histological damage in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Somatostatin: possible cause of bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundiced rats.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endogenous somatostatin hormone on bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundiced rats. Five groups of rats were studied: group I (n = 10), non-operated group (control); group II (n = 10), sham-operated group which underwent laparotomy and dissection of portal elements, while the common bile duct was not ligated and somatostatin was not injected; group III (n = 10), same as group II, plus injection of somatostatin; group IV (n = 10), common bile duct was ligated with laparotomy but somatostatin was not injected; group V (n = 10), same as group IV, plus somatostatin injection. The blood was analyzed for somatostatin, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels on the third and tenth days in all animals. At study termination (tenth day), peritoneal swab and blood cultures were taken, and liver, spleen, lung, and mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested for microbiological studies. Bacterial translocation levels were higher in groups III, IV, and V when compared with levels in groups I and II. Similar translocation levels were obtained when blood somatostatin levels were comparable. However, the highest translocation rate was found in groups IV and V in which the blood somatostatin level was also higher when compared with that in other groups. This finding shows that blood somatostatin level is increased in obstructive jaundice. This may explain the bacterial translocation and related sepsis found in obstructive jaundice.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1999

Effect of nitric oxide on postoperative adhesion formation.

Peritoneal adhesions continue to be a significant cause of postoperative complications. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide in preventing postoperative adhesion formation in rats. Three randomized groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a standardized lesion by cecal abrasion and parietal peritoneal defect. 0.9% NaCl (control, group 1), L-arginine (300 mg/kg, group 2) and Nomega-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 25 mg/kg, group 3) were administered intraperitoneally before abdominal closure and during 3 consecutive days after surgery. Two weeks after surgery, a relaparotomy was performed and the extent of adhesion formation was determined. In groups 1 and 3 heavy adhesions were detected. In the L-arginine group, adhesion formation was significantly less than in the other groups (p < 0.05). This study showed that L-arginine reduced adhesion formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Efficiency of ultrasound in the detection of the viability of hydatid cysts in the liver.

The aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between viability of the hydatid cyst and its ultrasonic appearance (Gharbi classification). To evaluate cyst viability, the criteria that were reported by the World Health Organization in 1982 for both the microbiological evaluation of the cystic fluid and the pathological evaluation of the cyst wall were used. In this study, the possibility of being viable was high in Type I cysts; the possibility of being dead was high in Type IV cysts. It is concluded that there is a relationship between ultrasonic appearance and the evolution of hydatid cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The management of hepatic hydatid cysts: review of 94 cases.

In this retrospective study, 94 patients operated for hepatic hydatid cysts were reviewed to compared the advantages and disadvantages of different operative techniques. The patients were divided into four groups according to the type of operation. Group I consisted of 33 patients with peripherally located small cysts, eligible for excision, who underwent cystectomy. Group II consisted of 28 patients with cysts smaller than 5 cm, not suitable for complete removal, who underwent partial cystectomy with capitonnage. Group III were 21 patients with cysts larger than or equal to 5 cm, not suitable for complete removal, who underwent partial cystectomy with omentoplasty. Infection and biliary communication were not seen in groups II and III. Group IV were 12 patients with infected cyst or intrabiliary rupture who underwent partial cystectomy with external drainage. In group IV, hospital stay was longer than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Group I had the shortest hospital stay (P < 0.05). Group IV had the highest morbidity and recurrence rates (P < 0.05). We concluded that cystectomy is the technique of choice in selected patients, as it is associated with low morbidity, low recurrence rates, and short hospital stay. Omentoplasty is preferred if cystectomy is not feasible. If there is biliary contamination and infection, external drainage, rather than omentoplasty, should be performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Cytoprotective effect of trimetazidine on 75 min warm renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

In this experimental study, we evaluated the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Renal IR was achieved by a 75-min clamping of the left renal pedicle and subsequent 24 h reperfusion, after right nephrectomy was performed. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (sham-operated: no IR injury), group 2 (ischemic control: saline treatment), and group 3 (3 mg/kg TMZ before ischemia). After 24 h of reperfusion, blood samples and renal tissue samples were taken to measure the levels of creatinine, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Histopathological changes were evaluated. In addition, the 7-day survival rates in each group were evaluated. We found significant increases in the levels of creatinine and tissue MDA, severe acute tubular necrosis, and a significant decrease in the activity of the GSH-Px in group 2. There were significant decreases in the levels of creatinine and tissue MDA, mild acute tubular necrosis, and a significant increase in activity of the GSH-Px in group 3 when compared with the control group (p <0.05). Statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in survival were noted between the ischemic control and sham-operated and TMZ groups. We have concluded that TMZ is able to protect the kidney from warm IR injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The effect of L-arginine and pentoxifylline on postoperative adhesion formation.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion formation is a major cause of infertility, pain, intestinal obstruction, and subsequent intraoperative complication. We investigated the effects of L-arginine and pentoxifylline for preventing postoperative adhesion in rats. METHODS: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a standardized lesion by serosal trauma of the uterine horn and parietal peritoneal defect. The agents were administered intraperitoneally at the end of surgery. The rats were assigned randomly into control (saline treated), L-arginine, pentoxifylline and L-arginine with pentoxifylline groups. Two weeks after surgery, a second laparotomy was performed and the extent of adhesion formation was determined. The data were analyzed by Mann Whitney U test. RESULTS: In L-arginine and pentoxifylline administered groups, adhesion formation scores were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). However, the efficacy of L-arginine used together with pentoxifylline is not superior to those of L-arginine or pentoxifylline alone. CONCLUSION: This study showed that L-arginine and pentoxifylline administered at the end of surgery reduced adhesion formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Posterior approaches in groin hernia repair with prosthesis: open or closed.

UNLABELLED: Laparoscopic herniorraphies have been used to reduce the pain and convalescence associated with open approaches. However, there is still not any consensus of the best approach. We compared open preperitoneal and laparoscopic total extraperitoneal approaches in groin hernia repair. METHODS: Thirty-two patients underwent open preperitoneal herniorraphy (Group I) and other 32 patients underwent total extraperitoneal repair (Group II). Time of surgery was noted. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was applied to evaluate the postoperative pain intensity. RESULTS: Operation time was 35 (20-65) minutes in Group I and 58 (40-85) minutes in Group II (p < 0.05). The difference of complication ratios between two groups was not significant. Laparoscopic approach was associated with less pain within postoperative 24 hours as compared to the open technique. However, after the first postoperative day, there was no longer statistically significant difference between both groups. No recurrence has yet been seen in follow-up period of 15 (4-24) months. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic herniorraphy is associated with better results in term of postoperative pain within the first 24 hours as compared to open technique.

Adult↗