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Biomedical subjects

A P Chernyĭ

Publications and source records attributed to A P Chernyĭ.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The epithelial junctional zones of the anal canal and cervix uterus: the ultrastructure of tumors of these zones].

Relationships between squamous and columnar epithelia in the anal canal and cervix uteri of postnatal period and fetus were studied. The transitional stratified epithelial lining, which is called junctional epithelium, is interposed between the mentioned epithelia. The junctional epithelium has variable numbers of layers of epidermoid cells, which differ from cells of atypical squamous epithelium by some ultrastructural features of the cytoskeleton and cell surface and by a low content of glycogen. The hypothesis on the physiological significance of this epithelium is proposed. Ultrastructural features of the cytoskeleton and cell surface suggest that anal basaloid carcinomas and some cervical squamous carcinomas may develop from so-called junctional epithelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[A method for obtaining histological sections from tissue previously studied by scanning electron microscopy].

An accelerated method of paraffin embedding of tissue specimens previously examined with scanning electron microscopy is proposed aimed to obtain sections for routine histological examination. The tissue is passed through acetone, absolute alcohol, alcoholic-oil celloidin solution, chloroform to be eventually mounted into paraffin. The method allows obtaining good quality sections within 24 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Preservation of the circadian rhythm of human lymphocytes under in vitro conditions].

The proportions of E-rosette-forming cells on the 9th, 13th, 17th, 21st, 1st and 5th h were determined in the blood of healthy donors divided into 3 groups (4 men in each). I--the blood was taken at every specified time point and the rosette formation was tested immediately; II--the blood was taken at hour 9, stored at +20 degrees C throughout the experiment and used for the tests at the same time points; III--the blood taken at hour 9, the mononuclear cells were obtained and kept throughout the experiment for the determination of rosette formation at the same time points. In all the three groups similar circadian curves were obtained with a peak at 13th and a minimum at the 1st hour. It is believed that lymphocytes possess oscillator(s) of the activity of receptors that are used for cell subset identification.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Morphology and histogenesis problems in cervical cancer].

Both most common and rare varieties of uterine cervix carcinoma were studied light and electron microscopically. It is shown that tumours histologically classified as squamous-cell carcinoma originate either from the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix or from the metaplastic epithelium. Characteristic ultrastructural features of these histogenetic variants of squamous-cell carcinoma are described. The authors' and literature data are presented indicating that the great histological variety of adenocarcinomas and glandular-squamous carcinomas is due to the pluripotential properties of proliferating stem cells capable of forming glandular, solid and squamous-cell structures. The source of clear-cell adenocarcinoma may be not only Gartner's duct but the mullerian epithelium as well. The classification of uterine cervix carcinomas reflecting their histogenesis is proposed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Morphology and histogenesis of dysplasias of the cervix uteri].

Basic literature data on the morphology of the uterine cervix dysplasias and their relation to carcinoma in situ are summarized. The features of squamous cell and cambial (metaplastic) dysplasias, their ultrastructure and genesis are presented on the basis of authors' material. The notion "cervical intraepithelial neoplasia" is discussed. The opinion is expressed as to the incorrectness of the classification of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ in one category as the dysplasia is morphological precancer while carcinoma in situ is cancer.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1984

[Ultrastructural organization of the epithelial layers and surface morphological characteristics of cells in adenocarcinomas of the cervix uteri].

The cell interrelations, and cellular attachment to the stroma in normal columnar epithelium and adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The application of rapid enzymatic digestion technique allows to visualize the topography of cell membranes, otherwise disguised in ordinary conditions. Four types of disordered epithelial sheets characterized by different apical, lateral and basal cell surface changes are described. Various alterations in morphology of the basement membrane and adjacent conjunctive tissue are associated with the tumor appearance. Marked deviations in cell-stroma contact may lead to the inversion of cell polarity revealed in cervical adenocarcinoma: cellular parts adjoining to stroma acquire characteristic features of the apical pole.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Combined morphologic evaluation of the efficacy of progestin therapy of primary endometrial cancer].

A complex morphologic procedure for evaluating the effect of synthetic progestin treatment in 136 cases of primary endometrial cancer was analysed. Changes in structural and functional characteristics of tumor testifying to the elevated degree of cell differentiation were observed in 89.7 +/- 6.4 per cent of cases of well- and moderately-differentiated endometrial cancer. In glandular-solid cancer group, the response was registered in 52.6 +/- 11.5 per cent and manifested itself in tumor showing the same changes coupled with an increase in glandular structures, or developing squamous metaplasia in solid areas. Hormonal effects following hydroxyprogesterone capronate treatment were found in 81.8 +/- 11.6% of adenoacanthocarcinoma patients.

17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrastructural characteristics of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma in situ].

Some ultrastructural features of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were revealed by electron microscopic studies of cervix specimens from 24 women. Both types of preinvasive disorders are characterized by alterations in the distribution of nuclear chromatin, the outline of the nuclear membrane, the amount of cytoplasmic organelles, and the mode of cellular attachment. Unlike dysplasia, a great variety of morphological patterns was found in carcinoma in situ which could be subdivided into squamous and reserve cell types. In carcinoma in situ, there was no increase in differentiation of cells and the cell surface up to the outermost layers. The basal membrane was altered only in carcinoma in situ epithelium. The ability of the epithelial cell processes to penetrate through the altered basal membrane and to invade the underlying stroma may be the evidence of the malignancy of cells in carcinoma in situ but not in dysplasia where the basal membrane was unaltered.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1981

[Transformation of the cytoplasmic processes in desmosome formation in the normal multilayer squamous epithelium and in cervical carcinoma in situ].

Cytoplasmatic processes of human normal cervical epithelium cells and of carcinoma in situ lesions were examined; transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used. Microvilli, microspikes and microplicae were predominant in various layers of normal squamous epithelium. It is suggested that transformation of microvilli into microspikes and then into microplicae accompanied the formation and disassembly of desmosomes in the normal epithelium. Microvilli were found to be the predominant type of cytoplasmatic processes in all the layers of the carcinoma in situ epithelium. It is suggested that the transformation of cytoplasmic processes is deficient in these lesions; this deficiency may be associated with a decreased formation of desmosomes. Possible similarities between pseudopodial attachment processes in vitro and in vivo are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Disorder of the microfolds and tonofibrils in cervical leukoplakia].

The ultrastructure of superficial cells of the normal human cervical squamous epithelium and that in leukoplakia was examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The characteristic appearance of normal cells is described. Changes in the concentration of tonofilaments and formation of keratohyalin granules were revealed in leukoplakia. Alterations in surface microridges were also observed. The latter phenomenon is closely related to a decrease in the number of tonofilaments at the cell periphery. It is possible that the altered microridges do not retain the cushioning protective mucin and maintain the stationary of progressive states of leukoplakia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Specific characteristics of skin basal cell carcinoma invasion].

Histological, electron-microscopic and immunomorphologic studies were made in 30 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin. In the immunomorphological study the antibodies to pankeratin, to keratins of N8, 17 (K N8, K N17) and to laminin were used. Two microscopical types of BCC growth distinguished by their clinical manifestations were revealed: compact-nodulous and diffuse-infiltrative. In BCC with diffuse-infiltrative type of growth the basement membrane was markedly fragmentated or completely absent in some regions. This indicates aggressive character of these tumors. This type of BCC growth was characterized by pronounced expression of K N8. The expression of K N17 was revealed in all BCCs.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A kinetic model of stationary calcium metabolism in smooth muscle cells].

A model is proposed for Ca2+ stationary exchange in the myometrium cells in the absence of effects activating calcium channels of the plasmic membrane. The results of the model analysis point to an important role of the calcium pump (but not on Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger) of the sarcolemma in providing the long-term regulation of physiologically significant concentration of ionized calcium in the smooth muscle cells. Ability of the calcium pump to efficiently compensate Ca2+ basal current continuously entering the myocytes at rest is proved. It is suggested that the stationary transsarcolemmal exchange of calcium (the system "basal calcium current--ATP-dependent transfer of Ca2+") underlies the control mechanism of the myometrium basal tonus, while a disturbance of the stationary state (with the pump inhibition) provides activation of the smooth muscle tonic contraction.

Animals↗