PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A P Forrest

Publications and source records attributed to A P Forrest.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Gonadal-pituitary hormone levels in gynaecomastia.

Plasma levels of LH, FSH, oestradiol 17 beta and testosterone were measured in twenty-two men with gynaecomastia. The group was divided by age into those under and those over 50-years-old and the mean hormone levels of the two groups were compared with two groups of age-matched normal men. In the young men with gynaecomastia LH and consequently the LH:FSH ratio was lower than in controls. Older patients with gynaecomastia had higher values of both LH and FSH than normal controls but the LH:FSH ratio was similar in the two groups. A pulsatile pattern of LH was present only in the young controls. Older controls had higher FSH levels than younger controls. In older men with gynaecomastia oestradiol levels and the oestradiol:testosterone ratio were higher than in those without.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The search for occult metastases in breast cancer: does it add to established staging methods?

In 1974 a project was initiated in which patients with apparently operable breast carcinoma underwent special investigations in an attempt to identify occult metastasis in bone and liver. One hundred and seventy-two patients have been followed for two years or more and their axillary node histological findings reviewed. From analysis of these patients the following conclusions may be drawn. Careful clinical assessment, especially measurement of the primary tumour and palpation of the axillary nodes, remains a fundamental guide to the likelihood of early recurrence. Histological confirmation of node metastases is as valuable as clinical assessment, but is not superior unless other features of node histology are considered. Micrometastases do not increase the probability of early recurrence except in comparison with a group whose nodes lack both metastases and other unfavourable features. The majority of special investigations do not have additional predictive value, though a bone scan is useful in the small number (less than 10%) in whom it is positive.

Axilla↗
PubMed1980

The patient's subjective attitude towards screening for breast cancer. Should screening be extended to other forms of cancer?

A sample of 500 consecutive women without symptoms of breast disease attending a breast screening clinic were investigated regarding their attitude to breast screening and to the extension of the screening programme to other forms of cancer. Attendance at the screening clinic was found to be reassuring by 94.2%, and 96.4% felt that the screening programme should be extended to include other forms of malignancy. There was a history of either respiratory or alimentary tract symptoms, and of smoking, or a family history of cancer in 41% of these women. The study shows that Edinburgh women are enthusiastic for breast screening and for its extension to include other forms of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Preoperative assessment and staging of breast cancer: preliminary communication.

A prospective study has been carried out in 172 women to determine the sensitivity of methods to detect occult metastatic disease in the skeleton and liver. With the exception of bone scintiscans, the results of these tests bore little relationship to recurrence rates. On the other hand, knowledge of the histopathology of the lower axillary (pectoral) lymph nodes is of value in this respect.A follow-up study is also reported which confirms the importance of accurate measurements of the primary tumour clinical node status and oestrogen receptor contact of the tumour in defining prognostic groups. Elastosis (estimated in 165 tumours) did not prove to be a useful prognostic index.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

The use of cerebral computer assisted tomography as a staging investigation of patients with carcinoma of the breast and malignant melanoma.

These results indicate that computer assisted tomography of the brain, even when contrast medium enhanced, does not contribute to the detection of occult intracerebral metastases in patients with primary carcinoma of the breast and of malignant melanoma, even if the disease is locally advanced. The number of patients with malignant melanoma is still small, and this part of the study is continuing. However, we have discontinued the use of computer assisted tomography as a staging investigation for patients with carcinoma of the breast. Although the yield of positive scans in those 31 patients with metastatic, or locally recurrent, disease, but no neurologic symptoms, is subsequently found to be 13 per cent at follow-up study, this would not appear to be a profitable investigation in the absence of effective therapy. In our series of patients with neurologic symptoms, abnormal and positive scans were obtained in five of 18 patients. However, even in such patients, a negative computer assisted tomography did not exclude intracerebral metastatic disease. There is no place for routine computer assisted tomography as a staging investigation for patients with early carcinoma of the breast or with malignant melanoma. Its use should be restricted to those patients who have symptoms of cerebral disease.

Brain↗