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Biomedical subjects

A P Jabourian

Publications and source records attributed to A P Jabourian.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Clinical imaging in psychiatry].

Brain imaging has made surprisingly remarkable progress since the early, and now historic days, of invasive radiology, which has now been replaced with a number of spectacularly precise techniques: structural (CT Scan, MRI) and functional (PET, SPECT) imaging, direct imaging during neurosurgery, EEG and its computer-assisted derivatives, and transcerebral ultrasonography. We present five cases with two alleged autisms, a cerebral malaria, a panic disorder and to Parkinson disease with a depressive component. Using modern imaging methods the following respective diagnoses were arrived at: a left temporal cyst, a Sanfilippo mucopolysaccharidosis, a septum lucidum agenesis, a right temporal cyst, and a pituitary adenoma. These cases illustrate the scientific, emotional and philosophical impact, on physicians, and patients alike, of modern imaging technology. Neuroradiology, biochemistry and surgical imaging require a multi disciplinary approach and a perfect knowledge of psychiatric semeiology. In addition, they stimulate us to carefully reassess our sociocultural understanding to mental illness.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

[Cognitive functions, EEG and gait disorders in cardiac arrhythmias, one day before and eight days after pacemaker implantation].

UNLABELLED: Cognitive functions, gait disorders and EEG in cardiac arrhythmias, 1 day before (D-1) and 8 days after pacemaker implantation (D8). Out of 1200 consecutive patients, hospitalized for a pacemaker (PM) implantation, only 208 women and 242 men had been examined twice and formed the study group (PMG, mean age = 77.8 +/- 10.2). The 160 patients (64 M, 96 F, mean age 78.6 +/- 9.8) of the control group (CG) had no PM and no known cardiac disease. RESULTS: At the first examination, mental deterioration was between 5 and 6 times more frequent in both the PMG and CG than in general population of the same age (75% vs 10-15%). At the second examination, the mean total scores of the PM patients in the four tests had increased significantly relative, to D-1 (p < 1 x 10(-4)) and relative to the CG (X2 = 78.82, p < .0001). This improvement was also found in each of four tests (MMSE p = 4 x 10(-6), Benton p = 6 x 10(-4), Rey Copy p = 1 x 10(-12), Rey Memory p = 5 x 10(-14)). The mental deterioration among the women in the PMG was significantly more marked than among the men (D-1: p < .007; D8: p < .014). 51% of the PMG and 71.4% of the CG had EEG abnormalities. The corresponding values on D8 were 23.3% and 67% (p < .001). In the PMG, 63% of the normal and abnormal EEGs showed a tendency for the background rhythms frequencies to increase (p < .001). On D-1, 61% of patients in the PMG had walking and gait disorders compared to only 13% on D8. Walking velocity increased (p = 1 x 10(-8)). Cognitive functions, gait disorders and EEG abnormalities are correlated (p < .001). 15% of patients improved eyesight and 20% a sensation of "warmth" in the extremities. A neuropsychiatric pathology which is varying from anxio-depression to dementia during dysrrhythmias are frequent and often unrecognized. The pathology was reversed in 14% of cases and improved in 67%.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Fractures from falls in elderly patients: are they neuropsychiatric emergencies?].

To identify a possible link between mental impairment and spontaneous fall-related fractures, we studied two groups of elderly hospitalized patients for physical and cognitive status. The study population consisted of 120 patients admitted for post-surgical rehabilitation after fall-related fractures (FRF). The patients were living at home when the accident occurred. The mean age was 81.0 years; 110 women, mean age 81.2 +/- 8.1; 10 men, mean age 82.8 +/- 8.5 years). The control group consisted of 81 patients hospitalized for somatic conditions who had never had falls or fractures (46 women and 35 men, mean age 79.4 +/- 5.7 years). The following cognitive tests were used: Folstein's MMSE, Benton's visual recall, and the Rey figure with both subtests (copy: RC; and recall: RM). In the study population (95%) 114 patients had previously fallen and 44 (38%) had had fractures, 65% had cardiovascular disease, compared to 6% of the controls. The respective mean psychometric scores for each test in the study and control population were as follows: MMSE: 18.92 +/- 6.45 vs 24.2 +/- 3.2 (normal value > 25); P = 4.5 x 10(-8). Benton: 11.03 +/- 4.91 vs 15.69 +/- 3.2 (normal value > 25); P = 2.3 x 10(-8). RC: 14.84 +/- 9.9 vs 25 +/- 7.6 (normal value > 30); P = 4.5 x 10(-8). RM: 4.55 +/- 4.5 vs 9.04 +/- 5.7 (normal value > 22); P = 2.17 x 10(-8). Despite these patient's apparently normal social facade, they had a far mode marked and significated mental deterioration than the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Panic attacks and 24-hour ambulatory EEG monitoring].

A 24 hour ambulatory EEG study performed in a population of 300 non epileptic outpatients with an anxious and depressive pathology revealed a high prevalence of abnormalities in subjects referred with panic disorder. Two groups of 150 medication-free patients each have been selected on the base of DSM-III-R = one with panic attacks (PA), the other with depressive patients without paroxystic anxiety (DS). The results showed respectively = in the PA group 63.2% abnormal, 19.7% normal and 17.1% dubious records. In the DS group = 74.5% normal, 18.3% abnormal and 7.2% dubious records. Epileptiform abnormalities were 4 times more frequent in the PA group (80%) than in the DS group (20%). Two nycthemeral peaks were found (5-8 pm and 3 hours after awakening). MRI has permitted the discovery of abnormal cerebral images in 3 patients of the PA group (cyst of the insula, temporal and parietal cryptic angiomas, sequelae of a parietal vasculo-cerebral stroke) frequency appearing to be clearly superior to the one resulting from recent epidemiologic data. The subclinical character of 2/3 of these abnormalities refers beyond epilepsy to their signification in the field of emotive and intellectual disturbances. The paradoxal efficiency of tricyclic drugs in panic disorder, sets the problem of their eventual antiepileptic action at low doses. If recent data on standard EEG in panic disorder is available, we did not find any similar study to ours in order to confront our results.

Adult↗