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Biomedical subjects

A P Jain

Publications and source records attributed to A P Jain.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

False positive ECG and coronary heart disease.

In 1983, we carried out a cross-sectional, rural community based study and highlighted an abysmally low prevalence of probable coronary heart disease in resting electrocardiogram. A seven year follow-up (1983-1990) of 179 suspects showed no morbidity or mortality from coronary heart disease. Eighty one out of 98 suspects tested negative on a symptom limited maximal exercise test. Though seventeen suspects had an asymptomatic exercise-induced ST depression (> 1.0 mm) their haemodynamic response to exercise and effort tolerance was excellent. Of the twelve subjects who took a repeat exercise test six months later, eleven failed to show ST depression on exercise. We attribute the false positivity of exercise test and its poor reproducibility to labile electrocardiographic changes unmasked by exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

M-mode echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy.

To assess the utility of various primary and derived M-Mode Echocardiographic parameters for the purpose of defining left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 74 subjects with LVH were subjected to M-mode echocardiographic examination. It was concluded that except for cross sectional area, the other echocardiographic parameters performed too poorly to be of any clinical utility for defining LVH by echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The prevalence of hypertension in rural population around Sevagram.

To detect the prevalence of hypertension in an asymptomatic rural community from Central India, we screened 4045 subjects (2247 men and 1798 women) aged 20 and beyond. The prevalence of hypertension was 34.12 per thousand population, being higher in women (40.60 per thousand) than in men (28.92 per thousand). Level of physical activity, economic status, smoking and body mass index showed real association with hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Left ventricular M-mode echocardiographic measurements of Indian population.

The left ventricular dimensions of 506 normal healthy subjects (men = 317, women = 189) in the age group of 17 to 80 years were measured echocardiographically. The measurements were found to differ significantly from the western data. A separate limit for left ventricular echocardiographic parameter for the normal Indian population was established.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of clinical variables as predicators of left ventricular function in acute myocardial infarction.

In 43 rural patients, all survivors of acute Myocardial infarction, left ventricular function was studied by 2-D echocardiography and evaluated in relation to 18 clinical predictors of left ventricular function. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 41.53 +/- 12.92% as compared to 70.02 +/- 7.02% in 506 healthy controls. LVEF was dichotomised at < 40% (n = 24) and > 40% (n = 19). Out of various clinical variables analysed following were found to be strong predictors of low LVEF. S3 gallop (p < 0.001) pulmonary rates (p < 0.001); Creatine phosphokinase > 200 I.U. (p < 0.001); Cardiomegaly on X-ray (p < 0.001); pulmonary congestion on chest X-ray (p < 0.001); and proportional pulse pressure (p < 0.001). There was a stepwise decline in the LVEF for each additional clinical variable. The over all predictive accuracy was 90%. It is concluded that readily obtainable clinical variables provide a useful bedside method of estimating LVEF after acute myocardial infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Left ventricular mass by M-mode echocardiography.

A comparison of various M-mode echocardiographic methods for assessment of left ventricular mass (LVM) was done in 21 subjects. The anatomical LVM was taken as Standard; it varied from 64.55 to 341.82 g. Of the six different M-mode echo methods compared, the method of Devereux and Reichek (1977) was found to correlate best with anatomical LVM (r = 0.99; SD = 49.54). By this method LVM = 1.4 [(LVIDd + LVPWTd + IVSTd)3 - (LVIDd)3] - 14 g.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Left ventricular muscle mass by echocardiography: methodology.

The limitations of electrocardiography for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), due to unacceptable accuracy and lack of serial quantifications, are well known. The use of angiocardiography for LVH assessment is invasive, hazardous and costly. Echocardiography provides an excellent method of estimation of left ventricular muscle mass, which is simple, non-hazardous, accurate and reproducible.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1991

Haemorheological treatment of painful sickle cell crises. Use of pentoxifylline.

A variety of drugs have been tried, with little or no benefit, to prevent and treat painful crises in patients with sickle cell anaemia. The new drug pentoxifylline, which has the ability to alter red cell flexibility, was tried in nine patients with painful vaso-occlusive crises. Another nine matched patients served as control. While no patient in the control group improved, five patients in the pentoxifylline group responded favourably within 48 hours. We conclude that pentoxifylline may be useful in patients with acute painful vasoocclusive crises due to sickle cell anaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Clinical profile of irritable bowel syndrome at a rural based teaching hospital in central India.

In a study of 52 patients with irritable bowel syndrome preponderance of males (4.2:1) and young adult age group (20-29 years) was observed. Distinct spastic colon and functional diarrhoea constituted 60%, whereas 40% had mixed presentation. Abdominal pain commonly in the umbilical and splenic flexure region, relieved after defaecation, and rectal dissatisfaction were the common symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 25% of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Adult tuberculous meningitis. An immunological study.

In adult tuberculous meningitis (10), delayed skin hypersensitivity to DNCB was significantly impaired, whereas to tuberculin not altered. Lymphocyte migration (LMI) index was lower in comparison with pulmonary tuberculosis (20) and healthy adults (20). Lower LMI index was statistically not significant than pulmonary tuberculosis. Serum IgG and IgM levels were higher than in healthy adults. In comparison with pulmonary tuberculosis, only IgM levels were raised. We conclude that in adult tuberculous meningitis, cell mediated immune response is impaired and non-specific antibody response is increased than pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy adults.

Adolescent↗