PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A P Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to A P Kelly.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

A new human HLA class II-related locus, DM.

HLA class II molecules have a crucial role in the immune response to antigens. We have isolated two new class II-like complementary DNA sequences, RING6 and RING7, which map between the HLA-DNA and -DOB loci. They are novel members of the immunoglobulin gene family which may have diverged before the duplications that gave rise to the main class II loci. The RING6 and RING7 genes seem to encode alpha- and beta-chains of a previously undiscovered class II-related protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Human major histocompatibility complex class II-negative colon carcinoma cells present staphylococcal superantigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes: evidence for a novel enterotoxin receptor.

The staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on target cells and activate T cells expressing particular T cell receptor V beta sequences. In this report we demonstrate that SE bind to the MHC class II- SW620, Colo320DM and WiDr human colon carcinoma cell lines and direct cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to mediate strong target cell killing. Flow cytometry analysis, immunoprecipitation and Northern blotting experiments failed to demonstrate any surface expression of HLA-DR, HLA-DP and HLA-DQ isotypes on the SW620 colon carcinoma cell line, whereas abundant expression of these isotypes was seen on Raji cells, SEB and SEC1 were efficiently presented at picomolar concentration by the MHC class II- colon carcinoma cells and MHC class II+ Raji cells, whereas SEA and SED were preferentially presented on the MHC class II+ Raji cells. An anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody inhibited SEB-induced CTL targeting to Raji, but did not influence the killing of SW620 cells. Our data suggests the existence of functionally active SE-binding structures on human colon carcinoma cells which are distinct from the conventional MHC class II molecules. The possibility that these putative new SE receptors play a role in the enterotoxin action of SE must be considered.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Acne keloidalis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acne Keloid↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of an avian influenza outbreak in Victoria in 1985.

In May 1985 an outbreak of avian influenza, a disease exotic to the Australian poultry industry, occurred on a farm in central Victoria. The outbreak was contained on that farm by immediate depopulation and disinfection measures. A description of the epidemiology of the outbreak was made during and after the event by interviewing involved personnel and by an extensive sampling and surveillance program both on the affected farm and across Victoria. Although the origin of the infection was not established, it is considered most likely that wild birds introduced the virus. The infection status of wild bird populations in the area has not been ascertained but sampling surveys of the poultry industry indicated that there were no other infected flocks in the state. The infection may have entered the affected flock as long as 2 weeks prior to the clinical outbreak although the exact timing could not be ascertained. The spread of disease on the farm appeared to be largely due to humans acting as mechanical vectors.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Thiamine deficiency in sheep exported live by sea.

Three shipments of sheep being exported live by sea were examined to determine their thiamine status. Measurements were made of thiamine concentration in liver and ruminal contents, transketolase activity in erythrocytes and thiaminase activity in ruminal liquor. Sheep that died or were clinically ill and euthanased had significantly lower hepatic and ruminal thiamine concentrations than clinically healthy control sheep. A high proportion had thiamine concentrations comparable to those found in sheep that die with polioencephalomalacia. Thiamine concentrations decreased with increasing time that sheep were in pre-embarkation feedlots and on board ship. Destruction of thiamine in the rumen by thiaminase was not a significant factor. Erythrocyte transketolase activities indicated that many of the sheep that arrived in the Middle East without signs of clinical disease were also in a state of thiamine insufficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cold subcutaneous abscesses.

Cold abscesses are defined as having no associated erythema, heat, or tenderness. They may be present in immunodeficiency disorders, deep mycoses, and other infectious diseases. As there is a dearth information on this subject in the dermatology, surgery, and infectious disease literature, we present a case of cold abscesses secondary to coccidioidomycosis and discuss the possible role of humoral immunity, cell-mediated immunity, prostaglandins, T cells, and other mediators in cold abscess pathogenesis. In addition, therapeutic guidelines for abscesses are reviewed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Multicenter trial of fluocinonide in an emollient cream base.

Working independently, eight investigators evaluated the clinical effectiveness of fluocinonide 0.05% in a three-week double-blind paired comparison trial of 240 patients. Half the investigators compared fluocinonide emollient cream with betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, while the remaining four compared the study drug with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream in the treatment of psoriasis. Statistical analysis showed clinical responses favored fluocinonide p = 0.021 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the atopic dermatitis group and p = 0.001 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the psoriasis group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Identification of a neutrophil chemotactic inhibitor in a patient with recurrent pyoderma.

Host defense mechanisms were studied in a patient with recurrent pyoderma of the scalp. Evaluation of the patient's inflammatory response demonstrated normal yeast phagocytosis, normal capillary tube migration, normal results from a nitroblue tetrazolium dye test, and significantly decreased neutrophil chemotactic response (NC). The impaired NC was associated with a heat labile plasma inhibitor. Chromatography of the patient's and of normal human plasma demonstrated three distinct protein peaks. Chemotactic inhibitory activity was found in the third peak of the patient's plasma but not in the control plasma. Normal in vitro NC was restored when greater than 40% normal human plasma was added to the column fractions that contained the inhibitor. Based on these findings, a subsequent exacerbation of the patient's pyoderma was treated with fresh frozen plasma, and dramatic clinical improvement occurred within 72 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Immunity to antigens associated with primate C-type oncoviruses in pregnant women.

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses against antigens associated with primate C-type oncoviruses were evaluated in humans by microcytotoxicity and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. Five of six women tested sequentially during pregnancy developed selective cell-mediated reactivity against baboon endogenous virus (BEV)--infected human fibroblasts. Responsiveness peaked during the second and third trimesters and corresponded temporally with elevated antibody levels to BEV antigens. Similar cell-mediated reactivity was not observed in nonpregnant individuals. Selective cell-mediated reactivity directed against cells infected with the simian sarcoma virus-simian sarcoma associated virus complex (SSV--SSAV) was observed in four of 20 healthy adults (three of 14 nonpregnant, one of six pregnant). These observations suggest that cell-mediated reactivity against primate C-type oncoviruses is occasionally detected in healthy nonpregnant adults, but that during pregnancy both cell-mediated and humoral reactivity against BEV may become selectively expressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Scabies in blacks.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Black People↗
PubMed1978

Surgical treatment of keloids secondary to ear piercing.

Keloids are medically benign, but often psychologically and cosmetically malignant lesions. They are most commonly located on the posterior aspect of the ear lobes. The author's treatment of choice is the combined intralesional steroid and surgical approach. Surgically, the best results are obtained when some of the skin overlying the keloid is used as a split thickness graft after all of the keloidal tissue has been removed. Explicit postoperative wound care instructions are important in insuring complication-free surgery.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed1977

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: review, pathogenesis, and report of two cases.

In 93 reported cases of metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 76 had spread through lymphatics or blood vessels. Two more cases are presented, bringing the total to 78. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes was the most frequent, followed in frequency by lungs, bones, and other organs. The size of the primary tumor, its site, its resistance to x-ray therapy, and the effects of radiation appeared to contribute to the occurrence of metastasis. However, in an appreciable number of cases, tumor dissemination was related to incomplete excision followed by immediate wound closure, particularly by grafting. It is recommended that wound grafting be delayed for at least six months after excision or large or recurrent BCC in order to assure complete removal.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Activation of C-type viruses during skin graft rejection in the mouse. Interrelationships between immunostimulation and immunosuppression.

Both mouse-tropic and zenotropic C-type RNA viruses were activated in BALB/c mice during rejection reactions against skin grafts from mice differing at the major histocompatibility locus (A/J) or sharing this locus (DBA/2). Animals that maintained their skin grafts following immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum (ALS) or cyclophosphamide had a much higher incidence of virus-positivity than animals that did not receive ALS or cyclophosphamide, or that rejected their skin grafts despite immunosuppressive therapy. ALS itself activated type-C viruses from a small proportion of BALB/c mice whereas cyclophoshamide alone did not. Type C viruses were detected in spleens and regional nodes draining skin-graft sites between 1 and 2 weeks following transplantation; thereafter they reached maximum titers in spleens. Viruses were not detected at skin-graft sites, in tails or in thymuses of grafted animals. Virus activation was associated with splenic histological changes consisting of germinal center formation, diffuse hyperplasia of reticulum cells, depletion of periarteriolar lymphocytes and hyperplasia of red pulp hematopoietic elements.

Animals↗