PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A P Volgarev

Publications and source records attributed to A P Volgarev.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Activation of free radicals reaction and changes in the state of antioxidant protection in blood in toxic experimental influenza infection].

The paper presents an experimental model of toxic influenza infection. The toxic form of influenza was shown to result in the activation of free radical processes accompanied by the accumulation of both lipid peroxidation products and methemoglobin and the decrease of alpha-tocopherol in erythrocytes, by the accumulation of NO. and nitrizyl complexes of heme iron in the blood. The activation of free radical processes was followed by the stimulation of antioxidant system in the blood. Thus, there was an increase of both superoxide dismutase activity in erythrocytes and ceruloplasmin content in the blood. The data obtained support the important role of the active products of free radical processes in the development of toxicosis under acute virus infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Microsomal hydroxylating system of the mouse liver in toxic forms of influenza infection].

The paper presents the experimental model of toxic influenza infection induced by A/Victory/35/72 (H3N2) strain adapted to CBA mice. The virus toxicosis was shown by means of ESR technique to be accompanied by a decrease of both the content of the active form of cytochrome P-450 and the activity of p-nitroanisole o-demethylase. In microsomes there was activation of lipid peroxidation (LP) and an increase of microviscosity of lipid matrix. LP activation in microsomes was not accompanied by the change of alpha-tocopherol content.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of UV irradiation and of UV-irradiated autologous blood on the functional state of human peripheral blood lymphocytes].

The effect of UV irradiation (UVI, 254 nm) and of UV-irradiated autologous blood on the spontaneous and mitogen-induced DNA-synthetic activity of intact lymphocytes has been studied. Lymphocytes were isolated from nonirradiated and irradiated blood, and from the mixture of UV-irradiated blood with the intact one in the volume ratio close to that in the blood stream during UV-irradiated blood autotransfusion (1:10, 1:40, 1:160). It has been shown that UVI of the whole blood caused in some donors the increase in spontaneous DNA synthesis, while in others the decrease or no statistically significant changes were observed. The analysis of the results obtained shows an inverse relation of the UVI effect to the initial level of spontaneous DNA synthesis (r = -0.68). In contrast to direct UVI effect, an addition of UV-irradiated blood to the autologous intact one resulted in an increase in spontaneous DNA synthesis in lymphocytes of all the samples examined. A 7-day cocultivation of lymphocytes, isolated from irradiated and nonirradiated blood samples, revealed a 1.8 times increase compared to the calculated value. The mitogen-induced DNA synthesis has a low sensitivity to UV rays, since the mitogens and the irradiation of optical range have presumably the common targets. It is assumed that photomodification of HLA-D/DR antigens can be a trigger mechanism for activation of immunocompetent cells by UVI.

Blood↗
PubMed1989

[Influenza C: the immunological aspects of the problem].

The use of the complex of methods for the characterization of cell-mediated and humoral immunity to influenza C virus has made it possible to establish that with the increase of the age of children and, simultaneously, with the increase of the number of persons found to be seropositive to influenza C the asymptomatic forms of this infection occur more frequently. Practically all examined adults selected by random choice have proved to be immune to this infective agent. The results of this investigation indicate that influenza C virus constantly circulates among the population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of regulator cells induced by the influenza virus in adoptive transfer].

The protective effect of humoral and cellular immunity factors on experimental mouse influenza infection was studied in combination with a simultaneous analysis of the functional activity in the regulatory lymphocytes of donor mice. The efficacy of adoptive defense of recipient mice, that is the intensity of immune reactions in their organisms, was found to depend on the concrete functional state of donor mouse transferring cells. The exact time of activation of T-helper cells open certain prospects for the concrete pathogenetically grounded drug therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Immunomodulating action of levamisole in influenzal infection in mice].

The time of the activation of the regulatory lymphocyte subpopulation in the spleen and the influence of levamisole on the course of influenza infection in mice were studied in parallel. The study revealed that the final effect of the immunomodulating action of levamisole was determined by the concrete phase of the regulatory activity of lymphocytes. At the same time the injection of the preparation at the peak of helper activity induced a transitory decrease in antibody formation and, in the fatal form of the infection, a rise in the death rate among the animals. The probable role of levamisole-activated macrophages in the transitory suppression of immune response in mice during influenza infection is discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

[Cellular immune reactions to the multiple administration of a chromatographic inactivated influenza vaccine in an experiment].

The administration of inactivated chromatographic influenza vaccine to mice in three injections induced the formation of the pronounced clone of antigen-reactive lymphocytes, detected in the leukocyte blast transformation test. Slight fluctuations in the phytohemagglutinin level and lipopolysaccharide response in mice subjected to multiple immunization with the inactivated vaccine indicated that this preparation produced no damaging effect on the T- and B-lymphocyte populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in Syrian hamsters. I. Development of humoral immunity.

Adult Syrian hamsters have been shown useful for the study of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Clinical manifestations coincided with the maximum replication of the virus in respiratory tract of infected animals as confirmed by immunofluorescence (IF) test. The dynamics of secretory and serum antibody responses is described in infected and reinfected animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in Syrian hamsters. II. Regulation of the immune response.

The dynamics of immune cell responsiveness in the process of development of primary and secondary immune responses after infection of adult Syrian hamsters with native respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was studied. In primary immune response, the enhancement of functional responsiveness of lymphocytes to mitogens and the maximum level of their spontaneous proliferative activity were found to precede the optimal level of antibody synthesis. Regulation of the dynamics of immunogenesis after reinfection of animals showed typical features of the secondary immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Interrelationships in experiments in vitro between the migration activity of leukocytes and RNA and DNA synthesis].

The following correlations were revealed in the parallel study of leukocyte migration in vitro in the presence of a specific antigen and of spontaneous RNA and DNA synthesis in the cultured lymphocytes: 1) a direct correlation between the RNA and DNA synthesis in lymphocytes; 2) a close correlation between the antigen-induced migration and the levels of RNA and DNA synthesis. The effect of the antigen was evidenced by the inhibition or stimulation of leukocyte migration. A high ratio of RNA synthesis to DNA synthesis corresponded to the migration inhibition and a low one--to the migration stimulation. The ratio value varied mainly on account of the changes in the level of DNA synthesis. Participation of T and B cells in the regulation of the antigen-induced leukocyte mobility is discussed.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An experimental study of ADP-ribosylation inhibitors as anti-influenza agents].

Tri-substituted benzamide derivatives are described as a new class of antiviral drugs. Three compounds (3, N-acetylaminobenzamide, 3, N-butyrylaminobenzamide, and 3-methoxybenzamide) protected mice inoculated with influenza type A virus. 3, N-acetylaminobenzamide was found to be most active. It is suggested that the antiviral effect may be due to the specific inhibitory action of these compounds on NAD(+)-dependent ADP-ribosylation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reproduction of the vesicular stomatitis virus in mouse splenocytes].

Interaction of vesicular stomatitis virus with immunocompetent cells in vivo and in vitro was studied. In intact mice, a prolonged infection of the spleens with low levels of virus replication was observed. Experiments with various splenocyte cultures demonstrated differences in their capacity to support virus reproduction. A relationship between the functional activity of the cells (the level of spontaneous blastogenesis, index of PHA response) and levels of virus reproduction was shown. Mitogen stimulation of blastogenesis was accompanied by intensified replication in reactive cultures. In splenocyte cultures from immune animals, reproduction levels were decreased and virus replication stopped.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current approaches to the treatment of severe influenza].

The complex pathogenetic therapy of severe (complicated) forms of influenza infection is proposed. The drugs with antioxidant, antiprotease or immunomodulating activities are used for the purpose. The clinical character of infection or stage of pathologic process are considered for appropriate drug application. The advantages of drugs with diversified mechanisms of action involved in the complex treatment of influenza are demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The protective effect of peptides from the thymus and tracheal mucosa in an experimental respiratory influenzal infection].

To evaluate the possible antiviral activity of a number of peptide bioregulators, an acute influenza infection was induced in developing chick embryos and mice. Four peptide preparations were used: two medicinal peptide preparations of the thymus (thymalin and thymogen) and peptide preparations obtained from the tracheal mucosa (PTM) and lung parenchyma (PLP) of calves according to the technology used for obtaining thymalin. For control, remantadin (for type A virus) and adapromin (for type B virus) were used as antiviral remedies. In experiments on mice, the preparations were introduced 24 hours and 1 hour before and 24, 48 and 72 hours after intranasal challenge. The effectiveness of the preparations was evaluated by the death rate of the animals. In case of type A virus the effectiveness of the preparations was distributed as follows: remantadin > thymogen > thymalin > > PTM. In case of type B virus, adapromin and PTM were found to produce a similar effect, while the preparations of the thymus and PLP had no influence on the death rate of the animals. In experiments on developing chick embryos, none of the peptide preparations under study had any influence on the infection caused by the viruses of both hypes. The results obtained in this investigation are indicative of the absence of direct antiviral activity in the tested peptide preparations. At the same time thymalin, thymogen and PTM significantly enhance the immunological resistance of the body to virus infection, different activity spectra of PTM and the thymus being indicative of the specific nature of their action.

Acute Disease↗