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Biomedical subjects

A Pár

Publications and source records attributed to A Pár.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Hepatitis virus (HBV, HCV, HDV) markers in chronic liver diseases. Comparative studies in two East-Central European countries].

The prevalence of hepatitis virus markers in patients with chronic liver diseases from two countries has been studied: 68 patients (38 alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis, 30 chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis) from Hungary as well as 109 patients (55 alcoholic liver disease, 45 chronic hepatitis or cryptogenic cirrhosis and 9 hepatoma) from Romania were examined for HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV and anti-HDV, using the corresponding Abbott Elisa test systems. In alcoholic liver disease HBsAg occurred in 6/38 patients from Hungary and in 22/55 patients respectively, that is HBV markers occurred with significantly higher frequency in alcoholic patients from Romania (p less than 0.05). In the Hungarian group a total of 36 patients were HBsAg positive and out of them 5 had anti-HDV (13.9%), while out of 21 Romania HBsAg carriers 10 patients had anti-HDV (47.6%). Among 9 hepatoma patients 4 had HBsAg, 6 anti-HBs and 7 anti-HBc and 4 had anti-HCV and 3 had anti-HDV. One patient with hepatoma had both HBsAg and anti-HCV plus anti-HDV as well. Results suggest that the infection with hepatitis viruses in alcoholic liver diseases is more common in Romania than in Hungary, and the prevalence of delta virus infection in HBV carriers is also significantly higher in Romania than in Hungary.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Pathogenesis and management of alcoholic liver injury.

The present paper is devoted to overview the basic concepts of ethanol-induced hepatic injury and therapeutic modalities by which alcoholic liver disease can be alleviated. The role of alcohol dehydrogenase of both hepatic and gastric origin as well as the importance of the number one metabolite acetaldehyde are discussed, furthermore the effects of microsomal ethanol oxidizing system are also described. The features of the major clinicopathological consequences of alcohol abuse fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis are briefly outlined, and the basic pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to cirrhosis--cell necrosis, regeneration and fibroplasia--are shown. The understanding of the pathophysiology of alcohol-induced liver injury may improve the therapy with drugs and nutritional factors, and allow successful prevention through the early recognition of heavy drinkers before their social or medical disintegration. In the management of alcoholic liver diseases, among the true hepatoprotective agents a naturally occurring flavonoid silymarin and an active methyl-donor metabolite S-adenosyl-L-methionine seem to be promising. An antifibrotic treatment with colchicine might also be of importance. Further prospective, well-designed, controlled clinical trials are still warranted to evaluate real efficacy of these drugs. The hepatic consequences of alcohol abuse may be treatable, however, prevention would be the true resolution of the major global health problem of alcoholism.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Clinical evidence of hepatoprotection induced by ursodeoxycholic acid.

Ursodeoxycholic-acid (UDCA) was introduced to the clinical practice as an effective agent for the dissolution of gallstones. The efficacy of UDCA was proved recently in the treatment of patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease. We demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of UDCA in a patient with chronic cholestatic liver disease. A sixty-nine years old male patient was admitted to our department with severe jaundice. The laboratory and radiologic examinations revealed significant cholestasis without any morphological alterations. Among the serological tests the anti-HCV antibody was positive. Based on these findings and anamnestic data (no blood transfusion and/or operation), sporadic chronic C virus hepatitis was assumed with dominant cholestasis. The corticosteroid therapy even in high doses was ineffective, the liver function parameters worsened. Later UDCA (Ursofalk, Falk Pharma) was given at a dose of 250 mg three times daily. Clinical improvement was seen after the first week of UDCA treatment. The patient's complaints relieved parallel with decrease of serum bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase and transaminase levels. These parameters showed further decrease during the treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Cellular immune responses and lymphocyte populations in chronic hepatitis.

Cellular immune responsiveness was examined in chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease by the use of the lymphocyte transformation test in response to PHA and to allogenic liver mitochondria, inhibition of leukocyte migration, delayed-type skin tests and non-immunospecific granulocyte function tests. Lymphocyte markers, E and EAC rosette forming cells were used for the study of lymphocyte populations. The results have confirmed that the T-cell borne cell-mediated immune function is impaired in chronic active hepatitis, as also in a number of cases of chronic persistent hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Nepresol in the treatment of hypertension of major severity.

Fifty patients with arterial hypertension of various causes were treated with a combination consisting of Nepresol, a beta-adrenergic receptor-blocking agent and a diuretic. Duration of treatment ranged between 3 months and 5 years. A significant reduction of blood pressure was attained in all of the cases, with a return of the values to the normal range in a high proportion of the patients. The renal function did not deteriorate during therapy, but owing to potassium loss regular potassium replacement was required in the majority of the cases. Allergic reactions appeared in two cases. Neither SLE nor rheumatoid arthritis was encountered. Positive ANF reaction and a significant elevation of the Rose-Waaler titre were demonstrated in a number of cases. The benefits as well as the hazards of the therapeutic use of hydrazine derivatives are pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparative immunological studies in ITP.

Twelve splenectomized and 16 non-splenectomized patients with ITP were studied for autoimmune complement fixation (AICF), indirect immunofluorescence (IF), platelet "immuno-injury" (T-3), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and serum electrophoresis. AICF was found positive in 50%, IF in 81%, T-3 in 50%, ANA in 69% of splenectomized cases. No significant difference in any of above parameters or in the gamma globulin levels was found between the splenectomized and the non-splenectomized groups. These observations are less favourable than those reported by other workers in post-splenectomy cases of ITP. The results, in agreement with those of earlier lymphocyte-transformation studies of the authors, are consistent with the primary mechanical role of the spleen in ITP, and make it justified to connect the failure of ITP to respond adequately to splenectomy, and the persistent seropositivity in these cases, with an excessive IgG production by the bone marrow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Chronic active hepatitis in patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigenemia.

This study was designed to compare the clinical and immunological characteristics of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative (cryptogenic) forms of chronic active hepatitis. The data of 48 patients with chronic active hepatitis, 24 with persistent HBs antigenemia and 24 without HBsAg, were analysed. HBsAg was detected by counter-immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay. The clinical features, biochemical liver function tests, immunoglobulins, complement C3, antoantibodies, and cell-mediated immunoreactivity of the two forms of the disease were compared. Cirrhosis was found to occur more frequently at the time of diagnosis in the HBsAg-negative group, and the serum alkaline phosphatase level was raised significantly compared to the HBsAg-positive form. The elevation of the IgG level was greater in the cryptogenic form, but the difference was not statistically significant compared to the HBsAg-positive patients. There was a marked difference in the frequency of the mitochondrial antibodies, but not of the antinuclear factor and other autoantibody-like serum factors. Lymphoblastic transformation revealed a similar diminution in response to phytohaemagglutinin stimulation in both groups of patients compared to the normal controls. An increase of the 3H-thymidine incorporation was seen after stimulation with human liver mitochondrial antigen, and leukocyte migration inhibition could be observed with this antigen in both forms of chronic active hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Iron turnover in chronic hepatitis.

Radioisotope studies of iron kinetics carried out in patients with chronic hepatitis yielded the following results. Serum iron level and free iron binding capacity showed little difference from the normal mean value. All three types studied (chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis) revealed an abnormal distribution of iron in the first 24 hours. Normalization of iron distribution ensued in persistent hepatitis and in chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis, but in chronic active hepatitis the abnormal distribution persisted, as reflected by a decreased iron utilization and an increased iron storage in the liver. The cause of this is attributed to a transitory accumulation of ferritin in the liver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: its clinical significance.

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) level was estimated in 132 patients with different liver diseases (chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, postnecrotic cirrhosis, chronic alcholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis, cholestasis syndrome, fatty liver, Gilbert disease) and malignancies with and without liver involvement. The gamma-GT levels were compared with the values for serum bilirubin, transaminases (GOT, GPT) and alkaline phosphatase in the same patients. gamma-GT values were normal in chronic persistent hepatitis and increased in chronic active hepatitis. Very high activities were measured in chronic alcoholic cirrhosis in contrast to postnecrotic cirrhosis. gamma-GT proved to be more sensitive than alkaline phosphate as an index of cholestasis and liver involvement in malignancies. It is suggested that gamma-GT activity offers valuable aid in differential diagnostics of liver-diseases. gamma-GT being an inducible enzyme, its activity may be raised by enzyme inducing drugs also in subjects without liver disease.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1976

Membraneous glomerulonephritis induced by HB (Australia) antigen-antibody complexes.

The authors report a case of chronic aggressive hepatitis associated with persisting HBs (Australia) antigenaemic nephrosis. The disease proved to be membranous glomerulonephritis. Immune fluorescence revealed granular type IgG, IgM, C3 and HBs antigen deposits along the glomerular basement membrane. The IgA deposit was partly linear, partly granular. Subepithelial deposits were noted by electron microscopy along the glomerular basement membrane. It is supposed that the deposition in the glomeruli of HBs antigen-antibody immune complex was responsible for the diffuse membraneous glomerulonephritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Clinical and immunological findings in hepatitis B antigen-positive and hepatitis B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis.

The clinical, biochemical and immunological data of 24 hepatitis B antigen-positive and 24 hepatitis B antigen-negative patients have been compared. In B antigen-positive hepatitis, being mostly the disease of males, an acute onset was frequent and perceivable cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis not frequent. In B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis, in addition to the predominance of females, a "primary chronic" process, cirrhosis, elevated ESR, immunocytopenia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and IgG levels were more frequent. As regards the positivity of humoral and cellular autoimmune reactions and the impairment of normal cellular immune activity, no essential differences were found between the two forms of the disease. It is concluded that though the two clinical conditions represent diseases different in aetiology and manifesting with certain clinical and biochemical differences the role of immunological factors may equally be important in their pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of serum antihistone antibody level to the patient's age.

The serum antihistone antibody (AHA) positivity of patients with various autoimmune diseases was compared with their positive reaction for antinuclear factor, rheumatoid factor, lupus erythematosus factor, cryoglobulin, immunocomplex, C-reactive protein, total protein, gamma globulin, IgG and IgM. In non-drug-induced SLE cases the predictive value of the AHA test was not higher than that of the other tests. It was striking that in 42% of patients with non-autoimmune disease aged over 70 the AHA test was positive. Elevated IgM values were recorded in about 70% of positive AHA samples.

Adult↗