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Biomedical subjects

A Pagano

Publications and source records attributed to A Pagano.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Accidents in the school environment in Milan, a five year survey.

Data regarding 11,541 cases of school accidents (from kindergarten to senior high school) that required hospital attention for treatment were examined. The information was obtained from the records of the "School Medicine Service of the City of Milan", and covered five school years (from 1980-81 to 1984-85). The surveyed population included over 160,000 subjects for each year. After computer processing, data regarding type of school, year, age of the victim, place of the accident and type of lesions were obtained. The frequency of accidents was highest (about 2%) among kindergarten pupils, while in senior high school the lowest frequency (less than 1%) was accompanied by the greatest percentage of hospitalizations (about 6%). From our results it appears that most accidents occur in school gyms (around 50%), and that the percentage of sprains and fractures is also highest in this area. School gyms can therefore be considered as a primary target for any prevention activity.

Accidents↗
PubMed1987

[Critical review of 222 cases of neoplastic pathology of the colon. Our experience using a computer].

From August 1983 to December 1985, 2352 radiological examinations of the colon were performed in the Radiology Department of Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Rome. From this group a sample of 222 patients was analyzed. They included 111 patients with colonic polyps and 111 with cancer. These cases were carefully examined, in terms of age, frequency of this pathology according to sex, symptom-illness rate, and the radiological data were compared with the endoscopic and histological findings. The data were processed using a computerized program. A critical correlation of the data obtained revealed that: 1) The surest symptom of colon carcinoma is blood in faeces with or without changes in defaecation frequency. Nor should isolated bowel disorders be ignored ("irritated" colon due to organic injuries). 2) The diagnostic accuracy of double contrast enema is very close to that of endoscopy, provided that intestinal cleaning is adequate (this in fact is an important aspect of the examination). 3) The mean age of patients in this group is high and cancer is more common than polyps. This seems to be due to the back of a complete diagnostic sequence, in which radiology has a specific and important role.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Prevalence of HTLV III/LAV and other viral antibodies in normal and at risk populations.

The prevalence of HTLV III/LAV antibody has been studied in six groups of population: healthy subjects, a virological laboratory staff, prisoners, drug addicts, patients with lymphoadenopathy-associated syndrome (LAS) and patients with AIDS. Prevalences and levels in the same groups of HBsAg and CMV, HSV 1 and HSV 2 antibodies have been studied, too. As expected, the prevalence of HTLV III/LAV antibody increases in the six groups with the increasing of the risk while the prevalences of the other markers of viral infection do not show such a pattern. The levels of positivity of CMV antibody are significantly higher in the prisoners and LAS groups versus healthy subjects suggesting a possible role of this virus in the developing of full-blown AIDS.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

[Delta co-infection: prevalence, severity and association with risk factors].

The prevalence of delta coinfection in course of acute B hepatitis has been studied in two periods (September-November 1984: 51 cases; April-June 1985: 50 cases). The prevalence resulted of 37.2% in the first period and of 48% in the second, without a statistically significant increase. Delta coinfection did not show greater severity, as evaluated by the levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin and prothrombin activity, than hepatitis B not coinfected. The only factor of risk statistically significant for the acquisition of delta coinfection was i.v. drug abuse.

Hepatitis B↗
PubMed1985

Faecal bacteria of wild ruminants and the alpine marmot.

Faecal samples from 60 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 13 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 7 chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), 41 alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) and soils mixed with deer faeces from the Stelvio National Park were examined for Campylobacter sp. and Salmonella sp. with negative results. The same material, especially deer faeces, was a habitat highly suitable for Yersinia sp.: Y. enterocolitica (two biotypes) was isolated twice, Y. kristensenii (two serotypes) was isolated 19 times, Y. frederiksenii and Y. intermedia were isolated once. Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli were isolated from 16 specimens from wild ruminants, one from marmot and two from feeding places.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Acetohydroxamate in struvite stones: in vivo study.

This report describes the results obtained with a combination of acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) and antibacterial agents in 13 patients with recurrent struvite stones complicated by refractory infections with urease-producing bacteria. Intravenous antibiotic pulses plus oral AHA achieved urine sterilisation in all. Then oral chemotherapy plus AHA was given for a mean period of 10.8 +/- 5.4 months. In four patients, the urine remained sterile, but in all the patients urinary pH remained below 6.4 and urinary NH4+ below 40 mg/dl. Despite the persistence of urea-splitting bacteria, the radiographic data showed an arrest of stone growth during the first year of treatment.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discovery and characterization of non-competitive antagonists of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors.

We have investigated the mechanism of inhibition of the new group I mGluR antagonists CPCCOEt and MPEP and determined that both compounds have a non-competitive mode of inhibition. Furthermore using chimeric/mutated receptors constructs we have found that these antagonists act at a novel pharmacological site located in the trans-membrane (TM). Specific non-conserved amino acid residues in the TM domain have been identified which are necessary for the inhibition by CPCCOEt and MPEP of the mGlul and mGlu5 receptors, respectively. Using molecular modeling a model of the TM domain was built for both mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptor subtypes. Docking of CPCCOEt and MPEP into their respective model allowed the modelisation of the novel binding site.

Binding Sites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

B and delta hepatitis virus infection in a population of west Africa.

Among the 424 serum samples examined, the prevalence of hepatitis virus infection turned out to be 89.6%, with 15.6% of HBsAg positivity. Some of the samples belonged to an afferent population and some other to workers of a West Africa rural hospital (Pop. Rep. of Benin). 27.3% of the positive subjects presented active replication of the virus, shown by the presence of HBcAg. Among the HBcAb positive subjects the anti-delta antibodies showed a positivity frequency of 19.7%. HBsAg presence in 15% of pregnant women suggested the importance of HBV mother-foetal transmission in the district. The examined results can be compared with those obtained in other African areas, with similar socio-economic conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

GBV-C/HGV infection in end-stage renal disease: a serological and virological survey.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) appear to be at high risk for GBV-C/HGV infection. This information has been obtained with virological techniques (RT-PCR) but few serological data exist. A prototype enzyme immunoassay has now been developed to detect antibodies against the putative envelope protein (E2) located on the surface of the GBV-C/HGV virion particle. We studied the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV infection, as detected by RT-PCR and anti-E2 GBV-C/HGV antibody, in a cohort of chronic dialysis patients (n=157) and renal transplant (RT) recipients (n=77); as a control group, 136 healthy blood donors were tested. The total prevalence of GBV-C/HGV in ESRD was 23% (54/234). The frequency of GBV-C/HGV viremia was 7.7% (18/234) in ESRD and 4.4% (3/68) among healthy blood donors; the prevalence of anti-E2 GBV-C/HGV was 15% (36/234) and 8.8% (12/136) in ESRD and controls, respectively. No relationship was seen between anti-E2 GBV-C/HGV antibody (or GBV-C/HGV viremia) and age, sex, time on renal replacement therapy, anti-HCV, HBsAg and transfusion requirement. No statistical association was observed between GBV-C/HGV and AST/ALT activity. Two of 54 GBV-C/HGV positive patients (3.7%) had raised ALT but were negative for HBV/HCV. In the majority of patients (35/36, 97%) the presence of anti-E2 GBV-C/HGV antibody was linked with the loss of GBV-C/HGV viremia from serum. In conclusion, GBV-C/HGV infection, as detected by RT-PCR and anti-E2 antibody, was common in ESRD, and the rate of infection was higher than in controls. No association was seen between GBV-C/HGV and various demographic or clinical factors. A small group of GBV-G/HGV positive patients tested negative for HBV/HCV and had raised ALT. In many patients exposed to GBV-C/HGV infection the virus was cleared. The clinical significance of GBV-C/HGV in ESRD remains controversial. Prospective studies with additional serological assays are in progress.

Female↗