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Biomedical subjects

A Parés

Publications and source records attributed to A Parés.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Oliguric and non-oliguric renal failure in high risk patient in intensive care units (author's transl)].

Oliguric and non-oliguric acute renal failure was studied in a group of 28 high risk patients in an intensive care unit. Of these, 15 (53.5%) presented oliguric and 13 (46.4%) non oliguric acute renal failure. Causal agents of the renal failure were postoperative in 14 cases, mainly peritonitis; medical in 10 and posttraumatic in 4. Oliguric renal failure was most commonly medical, while non-oliguric renal failure was predominantly postoperative in origin (p less than 0.05). Results of urinalysis indicative of renal failure were similar in both groups: NAO, osmolarity, FeNa, BUN o/p and creatinine o/p, as were degree and course of renal failure, and the appearance of complications and indications for dialysis. There was no significant difference in mortality rate between oliguric (93%) and non-oliguric (85%) patients; total mortality was 89%. The results of this study clearly show that non-oliguric acute renal failure carries the same poor prognosis in high risk patients in intensive care units as do the oliguric forms of the entity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

Renal tubular acidosis in primary biliary cirrhosis.

The relationship between renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and copper metabolism has been investigated in a group of 18 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. RTA, considered when urinary pH remained above 5.4 after an oral load of ammonium chloride of 0.1 g/kg body wt, was found in 6 patients (33%). Plasma copper concentration (PCu) and urinary copper excretion (UCuV) were significantly higher in patients with RTA (PCu = 182.2 micrograms/dl, UCuV = 536.8 micrograms/24 h) than in those without (PCu = 134.2; UCuV = 170.3). Plasma copper concentration and urinary copper excretion correlated with minimal urinary pH achieved after the ammonium chloride load. A higher degree of cholestasis was present in patients with RTA than in those without, and a linear correlation was observed between PCu and UCuV and serum bilirubin. It is concluded that the increased UCuV is related to the cholestasis in primary biliary cirrhosis and that the RTA might be caused by the deposition of copper in the distal renal tubule.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1979

Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with HLA-DRw3.

Twenty-one unrelated Caucasian patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis were typed for HLA-A, B, C and HLA-DRw antigens. The antigens HLA-Al, HLA-B8 and HLA-DRw3 were found in increased frequency in relation to the control group. When the P values were corrected for the number of antigens tested only the increase of HLA-DRw3 remained significantly different from the control group (P crr. < 0.004). The antigen HLA-DRw3 was carried by 12 out of 21 patients (57.1%) in comparison to 11 out of 74 (14.8%) normal unrelated Caucasian subjects.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of fibrosis in needle liver biopsies: evaluation of a colorimetric method.

Collagen content was measured in 38 needle liver biopsies (8 steatosis, 8 chronic hepatitis, 7 fibrosis and 15 cirrhosis) by a new colorimetric method based on the selective capacity of Sirius red and Fast green to bind to collagen and noncollagenous proteins, respectively. The values were compared with those obtained after determination of the degree of fibrosis by morphometry in the same tissue. In biopsies with cirrhosis and fibrosis, there was a higher amount of collagen than in biopsies with chronic hepatitis and steatosis. Furthermore, there was a highly significant direct correlation between the collagen content measured colorimetrically and the degree of fibrosis determined morphometrically (r = 0.77, p less than 0.001), suggesting that this new colorimetric method is useful in measuring the degree of fibrosis in needle liver biopsies.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in normal rats and rats with experimental cirrhosis.

Several authors have suggested that the risk of developing aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity is greater in cirrhotic patients than in the noncirrhotic population. However, this has not been confirmed by other investigators. To compare the intensity and characteristics of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in cirrhotic and normal rats, 31 rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis with ascites and 35 control rats were treated with gentamicin. Each group of rats was divided into two subgroups in order to receive 10 or 40 mg per kg per day of gentamicin, and different subsets of animals were killed on Days 4, 8 and 12 of treatment for renal histological examination and determination of renal tissue gentamicin concentration. Urine volume, osmolality, sodium excretion and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity were measured daily throughout the study. Creatinine clearance and trough plasma concentration of gentamicin were determined in each animal immediately before killing. There were no significant differences between cirrhotic and control rats in relation to the magnitude of changes in urine volume, osmolality, sodium excretion and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and creatinine clearance during gentamicin administration. The values of a histopathological score semiquantitatively assessing the renal morphological changes observed by light microscopy were not significantly different in cirrhotic and control rats. In addition, similar trough plasma and renal cortical tissue concentrations of gentamicin were observed in both groups of animals. These results suggest that, in this experimental model, cirrhosis does not increase the risk for aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autoantibodies against nuclear envelope-associated proteins in primary biliary cirrhosis.

An antinuclear immunofluorescence pattern displaying a thin ring confined to the nuclear envelope was assessed in sera from 38 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in sera from a control group of 277 patients with other antinuclear antibody-positive diseases. This rim-like antinuclear reactivity was present in sera from 20 primary biliary cirrhosis patients (52.6%) but in only two patients from the control group (0.7%) (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, this autoantibody was present in three of four primary biliary cirrhosis patients without antimitochondrial antibodies. Presence of this rim-like pattern in primary biliary cirrhosis did not correlate with the presence of associated autoimmune diseases nor with other clinical, biochemical, nor histological features of the disease. The antigenic specificity of sera displaying this antinuclear immunofluorescence pattern was characterized by Western blot analysis using an antigenic extract containing nuclear envelope proteins purified from rat liver. Sixteen of the 20 positive sera showed a common pattern of reactivity with a set of nuclear envelope-associated proteins approximately 200 kD in size. In conclusion, sera from primary biliary cirrhosis patients showing a rim-like fluorescent nuclear pattern have antinuclear autoantibodies that react specifically with components of the nuclear envelope. The high specificity of these new autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis indicate that they might be a serological marker of the disease, particularly useful in patients without antimitochondrial antibodies.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of ethanol feeding and malnutrition on collagen synthesizing and degrading enzymes in rat pancreas.

This study was performed to delineate the combined effects of a low-fat diet and chronic ethanol ingestion on collagen metabolism in rat pancreas. Rats fed a very low-fat diet (5% of total calories as lipid) for 12 weeks developed malnutrition as judged by weight loss (-33% of the initial body weight) and low serum albumin and amylase levels. The pancreas of malnourished rats showed increased collagenase activity with respect to animals fed a 35% lipid diet (p < 0.05). Hydroxyproline content was higher in the pancreas of malnourished rats and collagenase activity correlated well with hydroxyproline content (r = 0.57, p = 0.0013). Ethanol feeding for 12 weeks, regardless of the nutritional state of the rats, did not change the synthesis and degradation rates of collagen in the pancreas. The present study suggests that malnutrition may have profound effects on collagen metabolism.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pleural empyema caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in a patient with liver cirrhosis].

Gram negative infections, particularly by E. coli, are usually observed in cirrhotic patients while infections by Cryptococcus neoformans are commonly found in immunosuppressed patients. The case of a cirrhotic patient with hepatitis C virus infection who developed pleural infection by C. neoformans is presented. No disease other than cirrhosis was observed in the patient. The treatment with oral fluconazole was initiated with good clinical response and infection cure. The efficacy of fluconazole in infections by this microorganism has been reported in other cases, mainly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The fact that the patient may be a liver transplant candidate, given the hepatic cirrhosis, leads to speculation as to the need for chronic treatment with fluconazole to avoid reactivation of C. neoformans on initiation of pharmacologic immunosuppression.

Administration, Oral↗