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A Patessio

Publications and source records attributed to A Patessio.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Relationship between the perception of breathlessness and inspiratory resistive loading: report on a clinical trial.

We investigated the relationship between the sensation of breathlessness and progressively higher resistive inspiratory loadings in nine normal subjects (31 +/- 17 yr; forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) = 105 +/- 9% of predicted) and in eighteen chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (63 +/- 7 yr; FEV1 = 43 +/- 17% of predicted). The sensation of breathlessness correlated with mouth pressure both in normals (r = 0.94) and in COPD patients (r = 0.95), with a steeper slope in patients. On this basis we studied the effect of inspiratory muscle training on the sensation of breathlessness in sixteen COPD patients (63 +/- 8 yr; FEV1 = 52 +/- 19% of predicted). After a baseline assessment of lung function, MIP (maximal inspiratory pressure), inspiratory muscle endurance and the sensation of breathlessness (Borg scale) at different inspiratory loads, the patients were divided into two groups: the first was trained by means of resistive breathing, the second used a placebo device. At the end of the training, MIP increased more in the trained group (56 +/- 10 to 69 +/- 15 cmH2O; p less than 0.001) than in the placebo group (50 +/- 17 to 56 +/- 22 cmH2O; p = NS). The Borg score fell significantly at all the considered inspiratory loads in trained patients, but not in the placebo group. We conclude that the training with inspiratory resistances decreased the sensation of breathlessness via an increase in inspiratory muscle strength and endurance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A new perspective in pulmonary rehabilitation: anaerobic threshold as a discriminant in training.

Exercise training is a mainstay of many pulmonary rehabilitation programmes. However, the physiologic basis for improved exercise tolerance is unclear. We hypothesized that since endurance training is known to reduce blood lactate at levels of work above the anaerobic threshold (AT), minute ventilation (VE) would also be lower. This might be an important benefit for the ventilatory-limited patient. We studied 10 normal subjects who performed 15 min of exercise at each of 4 work rates before and after 8 weeks of training. The lowest work rate was chosen to be below the AT; training produced a minimal decrease in VE (2.5 l.min-1). For the highest work rate, training produced a 4 mEq.l-1 decrease in lactate and a 37 l.min-1 decrease in VE. End-exercise VE reduction was well correlated with lactate reduction (r = 0.69). Seven men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have also been studied. Each performed an incremental exercise test and two constant work rate tests (one above and one below AT) before and after an 8 week training period. Though responses were more variable than in normal subjects, training produced a reduced ventilatory requirement for exercise when blood lactate was reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A new bronchodilating agent, procaterol, in preventing exercise-induced asthma.

The aim of the present study was to verify the effectiveness of procaterol, a recent and specific beta-2-adrenoceptor stimulant, in preventing exercise-induced asthma (EIA). Twelve asthmatic patients were selected aged 18.6 +/- 5.6 years with a positive response to EIA and a basal forced expiratory volume of the first second (FEV1) better than 80% of predicted. The patients underwent four bronchoprovocation challenges on four consecutive days. On the first day they performed an inclusion test, and, on the three subsequent days, they were submitted, to three identical standardized challenges according to a randomized design. Fifteen minutes before, procaterol (20 mcg), salbutamol (200 mcg) and a placebo were administered as metered aerosol. No pharmacological treatment was given for 24 h (48 h for antihistamines) before each challenge. The test was carried out running on treadmill (10% grade) for 7 min. Room temperature (20-25 degrees C) and relative humidity (40-55%) were maintained constant. At baseline, 15 min before, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min after the exercise, lung function was assessed. Basal mean values of FEV1 were 94.7, 94.9, 90.7 and 91.5% of predicted for the inclusion and the three protected tests, respectively, without significant differences. The FEV1 mean values showed a mild bronchodilation 15 min after salbutamol (+13.2%, p less than 0.006) and procaterol (+8%, NS). At every considered time all indices showed a significant gap (p less than 0.01) between drugs and the placebo with no appreciable differences between procaterol and salbutamol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Functional recovery in pulmonary tuberculosis].

At first Authors explain the stages of tubercular disease in which a programme of functional respiratory rehabilitation can be advised. Then they deal with the main aspects of rehabilitating treatment in some tubercular manifestations, as sero-fibrinous pleural effusion, tubercular empyema, parenchymal fibrosis and surgical reliquates. With regard to surgical reliquates, we mostly consider pulmonary resections and pleural skinning. At last Authors recall the indications to physical exercise training, that are constituted by some reliquates of tubercular pathology, and they resume the accomplishment modalities of such a programme in order to allow every patient wide possibilities of social reintroduction.

Breathing Exercises↗
PubMed1984

Sustained-release anhydrous theophylline in preventing exercise-induced asthma.

A number of drugs have been taken into consideration as to their efficacy in preventing exercise-induced asthma (EIA), which may be a reliable model for the investigation of bronchodilating agents. 15 asthmatic patients (mean age 21.1 +/- 10.7), EIA positive (free running test), were selected for a double-blind cross-over study of a sustained-release theophylline preparation against placebo. Patients underwent four subsequent bronchoprovocation tests by means of free running, at a 3-hours' interval, with a prior administration (3 h before the first test) of the drug at the dose of 7-8 mg/kg or the placebo. Lung function was tested (FEV1.0, FEF50, FEF25, sGaw) after the four induction tests as regards to the plasma concentrations of theophylline. After 6, 9 and 12 h, respectively, from administration of the drug, theophylline plasma levels between 7 and 9 micrograms/ml were found, which are to be considered more than satisfactory after an acute administration. A continuous protective activity has been noted against the exercise stress, with a significant difference between drug and placebo, for all lung function parameters with the obvious exception of the first one in which a satisfactory level of theophylline absorption was not reached. The finding of this new positive aspect of the drug investigated appears to be extremely interesting, particularly if added to the already well-known therapeutic activity, and to the fact that often other classes of drugs do not show a good correlation of protective action against EIA and prevention of spontaneous asthmatic attacks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Behavior of plasma renin activity in acute myocardial infarct].

Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in 23 patients (pts.) affected by myocardial infarction (AMI), and in a control group of 4 normal subjects, during bed rest. A blood sample was drawn every 12 hours to determine PRA pattern curve during 5 days in Coronary Care Unit. The initial PRA was in the normal range in all pts., but it rose subsequently. The highest level was reached on the 4th day. The mean value of PRA at this time was significantly higher than the initial one (p less than 0.01). Such increasing PRA was not correlated with age, sex, infarction site, infarction dimension, pain, blood pressure, arrhythmias, bed rest. At variance with the experience of others, we were not able to show a significant correlation between PRA and plasma K+ levels. Diuretic and/or beta-blocker agents too, did not influence this increase of PRA in AMI. Our results are compared with those previously reported in the literature and the possible pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Diabetic cardiomyopathy in preclinical phase. Polycardiographic and echocardiographic study (author's transl)].

Eighteen selected diabetic patients, without symptoms or signs of cardiac diseases and a control group of 15 normal subjects, age and sex matched, underwent polycardiographic and echocardiographic study, with the aim to evaluate their systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle. PEP, LVET and PEP/LVET ratio were determined on the polycardiographic tracings. In eleven diabetic patients these data were also determined after amyl nitrite inhalation. Left ventricular diastolic dimension (DD), LV systolic dimension (DS), ejection fraction (EF), VCF, fractional shortening (FS), mitral opening delay (MOD) and the relaxation speed of the left ventricular posterior wall were determined on the echocardiographic tracings. All these data underwent statistical analysis by Student test, and some significant differences were found between diabetic patients and normal subjects. The mean value of PEP was augmented (diabetic patients: 100 +/- 18 msec; normal subjects: 88 +/- 9 msec; p 0,05), while the mean value of LVET was diminished (diabetic patients: 275 +/- 22 msec; normal subjects: 300 +/- 23 msec; p less than 0,005); the PEP/LVET ratio was, therefore, increased in diabetic patients (diabetic patients: 0,37 +/- 0,08; normal subjects: 0,29 +/- 0,04; p less than 0,005). Of all echocardiographic data only MOD (diabetic patients: 54 +/- 31 msec; normal subjects: 14 +/- 21 msec; p less than 0,001) was significantly increased in diabetic patients. The feasibility and reliability of polycardiographic and echocardiographic techniques in detecting early myocardial disfunction is discussed and the accurate selection of patients in order to exclude other myocardiopathies in pointed out. It is then concluded that diabetic patients, in comparison with normal subjects, show an impairment of both systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle, exclusively depending on diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rehabilitation of the worker with bronchopneumopathy].

Epidemiological data show that chronic diseases of the respiratory apparatus have constantly increased over the last 20 years or so, often involving relatively young age classes. The increased survival rates due to chemotherapy also increase the importance of rehabilitation in such diseases. The officially accepted concept of a "global" rehabilitation is particularly significant in the case of patients of working age. The main rehabilitation procedures include chest physiotherapy, aerosol therapy, oxygen therapy (where selection criteria have been established and where there are new prospects related to long-term oxygen therapy), intermittent positive pressure breathing and physical retraining. Details on the methods of assessment and training and data concerning three groups of patients suffering from respectively chronic obstructive lung disease, silicosis and asbestosis, are given. The data show a general pattern of a decrease in ventilation (for an unchanged level of O2 uptake and CO2 output) and reflect a rise in muscular efficiency (exercising and respiratory) enabling the body to perform the same work load at a lower energy cost. The authors discuss the vocational rehabilitation of the patient with lung disease and illustrate the most useful procedures in the assessment of the subject, the environment and the place of work, including guidelines to achieve this. Rehabilitation treatment is also summarized into a number of stages, with the goals at different therapeutic levels and the ways to reach them.

Asbestosis↗