PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Patterson

Publications and source records attributed to A Patterson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Massive transfusion.

The physiological stress of anesthesia, hemorrhage, and operation can all contribute to postoperative morbidity and mortality in the patient who has experienced massive trauma. However, the problems of massive transfusion are not insurmountable. More important than achieving an adequate blood pressure in the hemorrhaging patient is the need to reestablish adequate tissue perfusion, thus maintaining oxygen transport and appropriate tissue oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption will decrease after hemorrhagic shock, reflecting a metabolic deficit at the cellular level, and may contribute to end-organ failure. Through blood transfusion, the oxygen consumptive needs of the tissues can be met. Whether the blood administered is autologous or homologous, no superior medium for oxygen transport is yet available. Close attention to the hazards associated with massive transfusion will result in improved outcome and decreased mortality.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1987

Risk of recurrence after treatment of severe intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix. A follow-up of 896 patients.

Eight hundred and ninety-six patients were followed up cytologically for up to 21 years following treatment for a CIN III lesion of the cervix. The recurrence rate (8.8%) was lower after hysterectomy than after treatment which preserved the cervix (23%). Long-term yearly follow-up is not required as all recurrences were detected by annual smears for a seven-year period after treatment in both groups. It is important to keep patients under cytological review following hysterectomy because of the appreciable recurrence rate and also evidence that intraepithelial lesions of the vaginal vault behave in an aggressive fashion.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1987

Pharyngeal reconstruction: current controversies.

Total pharyngeal reconstruction following ablative surgery has made significant advances over the past 10 years with the development of new techniques and the refinement of older methods. The reconstructive methods utilized by the authors in 26 cases over the past three years are presented. The methods employed were classified into three groups. Group A (N = 3) were reconstructed using myocutaneous flaps, Group B (N = 17) were repaired by primary gastric transposition, and Group C (N = 6) were handled using a free vascularized jejunal graft. Twenty-two of the patients received preoperative irradiation. The selection of appropriate procedure and technique, and the complications and limitations of each method are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Development of retinal arteriolar tortuosity in previously unaffected family members.

A family affected by retinal arteriolar tortuosity over a nine-year period has been observed, and the appearance of the abnormality in three previously unaffected family members in late teen-age has been documented. The proband has suffered visual loss due to optic disc infarction, this complication has not previously been reported. We believe that this is the first report of retinal arteriolar tortuosity in a British family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Ocular findings in a patient with deletion short arm chromosome 5 (cri du chat) and ring chromosome 14.

The general and ocular signs in patients with deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (cri du chat) and ring chromosome 14 have been reported previously in the literature. Ophthalmic changes recorded in the latter anomaly are scanty. We describe a patient with the combined chromosomal anomaly--a deletion of part of the short arm of chromosome 5 and a ring chromosome 14 which hitherto has not been reported.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Randomised double-blind trial of acyclovir (Zovirax) and adenine arabinoside in herpes simplex amoeboid corneal ulceration.

Fifty-one patients were treated in a dual-centre, double-blind comparison of acyclovir and adenine arabinoside in herpetic amoeboid (geographic) corneal ulceration. Twenty-four of the 25 patients receiving acyclovir healed in a mean time of 12.2 days, while 24 of the 26 patients treated with adenine arabinoside healed in a mean time of 11.0 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of healing. A second analysis, excluding any patients who had received antiviral treatment immediately prior to entry into the study, showed that 18 of the 19 who received acyclovir healed in an average of 11.7 days and 18 of the 19 recipients of adenine arabinoside healed in a mean time of 11.2 days. Again the difference was not statistically significant.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1985

Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum in trisomy 18 (Edwards's syndrome).

Orbital and ocular abnormalities are commonly found in trisomy 18 (Edwards's syndrome). We believe this to be the first case reported in the literature of ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA) occurring in Edwards's syndrome, and the literature on AFA is reviewed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetics of oral acyclovir (Zovirax) in the eye.

Patients due for cataract extraction received 5 doses of 400 mg acyclovir (Zovirax) orally during the 24 hours prior to surgery. Aqueous humour levels of acyclovir (mean 3.26 microM) were well above the normal ED50 range for herpes simplex virus type 1, and showed a significant correlation with plasma concentrations (mean 8.74 microM). There was also a correlation between the age of the patient and the concentration of acyclovir in the plasma. Oral acyclovir was well tolerated.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

Ectodermal dysplasia associated with autoimmune disease.

A case is reported of hereditary ectodermal dysplasia with corneal involvement associated with polyendocrinopathy and pernicious anaemia. The presence of autoantibodies to various endocrine organs and ocular tissues is confirmed. This suggests that ectodermal dysplasia may be an autoimmune disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Oral acyclovir in the management of dendritic herpetic corneal ulceration.

A controlled trial of oral acyclovir in herpetic dendritic corneal ulcers was carried out on 31 patients. All patients received minimal wiping debridement of the ulcer, following which they were randomly allocated to receive either oral acyclovir or placebo for 7 days. At the end of treatment 67% of dendritic ulcers in patients receiving acyclovir had healed compared with 43% in placebo recipients. The proportion of ulcers healed in the 2 groups at 7 days showed no significant difference (p = 0.18), but the rate of healing was significantly faster in acyclovir group (p = 0.03).

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

Effects of immunization on cardiopulmonary alterations of gram-negative endotoxemia.

We studied the effects of an infusion of Serratia marcescens endotoxin on hemodynamic function, white blood cells, platelets, and the plasma levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) in awake monitored sheep. The animals were immunized using the core glycolipid (CGL) fraction of Escherichia coli J5 0111. An additional group of animals was studied after passive transfer of immune serum from the actively immunized CGL animals. Active immunization with CGL was effective in preventing the hematologic and hemodynamic changes as well as the elevations in TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha seen during gram-negative endotoxemia. Passive immunization also reduced some of the deleterious effects of endotoxin infusion but was less effective than active immunization. This study demonstrates the potential of cross-specific immunization to protect against the cardiopulmonary alterations caused by gram-negative endotoxemia.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1984

Arginine aminopeptidase activity of phytopathogenic spiroplasmas.

The arginine aminopeptidase activity of arginine-utilizing phytopathogenic spiroplasmas was investigated with arginine beta-naphthylamide substrate using the fluorometric method. Hydrolysis of this substrate was demonstrated with broth cultures, washed concentrated whole cells, and cell-free extracts of corn stunt spiroplasma (CSS) and Spiroplasma citri. Growing CSS and S. citri in the presence of 47 mM arginine resulted in a reduction in aminopeptidase activity, indicating that synthesis of the enzyme might be subject to control by catabolic repression. Results of these experiments suggest a possible biochemical basis for pathogenicity of phytopathogenic spiroplasmas in vivo.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1983

Developmental interventions in infancy during lengthy hospitalizations.

A review of concepts related to infant development, care, and stimulation is presented. A description is provided of the development of an infant with small bowel syndrome during her hospitalization from birth until age 19 months. Interventions which facilitated feeding, sitting, walking, fine motor and language development are described. In addition, interventions are reviewed which focus on enhancing the infant's attachment to her cartakers, object permanence, and object constancy, and helping the normal unfolding of the individuation process. Efforts to "normalize" the hospital environment for the infant are stressed. The implications of the infant's hospitalizations and her future psychological development are discussed.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1983

Kinetic analysis of D-xylose absorption in normal subjects and in patients with chronic renal failure.

D-Xylose kinetics were studied in 12 normal subjects and in nine patients with chronic renal failure requiring dialysis (five hemodialysis and four peritoneal dialysis). None of the study subjects had demonstrable gastrointestinal disease. Doses of D-xylose were given intravenously (10 gm) and orally (25 gm) on different nondialysis days in order to determine the distribution and elimination kinetics and the absolute bioavailability of this compound. Our findings were as follows. (1) The nonrenal clearance of D-xylose is markedly reduced in chronic renal failure patients (43.3 vs. 90.9 ml/min, p less than 0.002). (2) D-Xylose is less completely absorbed in patients with chronic renal failure than in normal subjects (48.6% vs. 69.4%, p less than 0.01). (3) The absorption rate of D-xylose is slower in these patients than in normal subjects (0.555 hr-1 vs. 1.03 hr-1, p less than 0.05). (4) The absorption rate is positively correlated with the extent of D-xylose absorption (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). (5) Although peak D-xylose concentrations measured 1 hr after oral administration are well correlated with the extent of D-xylose absorption in normal subjects and in functionally anephric patients (r = 0.59, p less than 0.01), formal kinetic study is required to determine D-xylose bioavailability precisely because of the large variability in peak serum D-xylose concentrations and in the time required to reach these peak concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A membrane filtration method for estimating the number of viable bacteria in solutions containing antibiotic.

The method involves filtration of dilutions of the mixture through a membrane filter followed by replication on ox blood agar and enumeration of organisms. This method was compared with the conventional drop count method, and a significant correlation was found (r = 0.985). When solutions containing antibiotic were used, the membrane filtration method gave a more reliable estimate of the viable count at the time of sampling.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Palate development after fetal tongue removal in cortisone-treated mice.

Morphological studies of cortisone-induced cleft palate have shown retardation in the rotation of palatine shelves from a sagittal to a transverse plane. Cortisone also reduces fetal muscular movements, which may explain why displacement of the tongue from between the palatine shelves is delayed. Previous work with extrauterine development of control fetuses demonstrated that fetal membranes and tongue were major obstacles to shelf rotation. Thus, removal of these obstacles might permit rotation and fusion of palatine shelves in cortisone-treated fetuses. In the present experiment, fetuses from cortisone-treated strain CD-1 mice were released from uterus and membranes and allowed to develop for eight hours in a fluid medium with the umbilical cord left intact. Compared to 4% fusion in utero, there was palatal fusion in 20% of fetuses released from membranes. When the fetal tongue was removed during extrauterine development, the frequency of fusions increased to 61%. Fusion appeared normal by the criteria applicable through light microscopy. Thus, cortisone induces cleft palate primarily through interference with shelf rotation. The palatine shelves of treated fetuses retain their ability to fuse when they can come in contact during the normal time for palate closure.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗