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Biomedical subjects

A Pavel

Publications and source records attributed to A Pavel.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Prophylactic antibiotics in elective orthopedic surgery: a prospective study of 1,591 cases.

A double-blind prospective study involving 1,591 clean orthopedic surgical procedures was done to test the effectiveness of preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics in reducing the postoperative infection rate. The antibiotic and placebo groups were analyzed carefully for factors known to predispose to infection. Several minor exceptions were noted, but generally the antibiotic and placebo groups were comparable with regard to these factors. A decrease in overall postoperative infection rate from 5.0% in the placebo group to 2.8% in the antibiotic group was found. In specific areas such as the hip and spine a much greater reduction in postoperative wound infections occurred than in the group as a whole.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytogenetic changes induced by low-intensity microwaves in the species Triticum aestivum].

Seeds of Triticum aestivum having an uniform genophond have been exposed to a microwave flow, with a frequency of 9.75 GHz and a low intensity. The effects of microwaves at various doses on mitotic activity have been followed. Our results show that as compared to the controls different types of chromosomal aberrations appeared: delayed chromosomes, micronuclei, interchromosomal bridges, chromosomal fragments.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Magnetic liquid influence upon some plant species of pharmaceutical interest].

It was accomplished a study on the influence of a petroleum magnetic liquid upon two plant species of pharmaceutical interest: Papaver somniferum L. and Chelidonium majus L. Experimental observation aimed: callus accumulation, seed germination, mitotic index and fluorescence of the photosynthesis pigments. The plant samples were taken from in vitro cultures obtained from different explant types while the magnetic liquid was added in the culture media in low concentrations (ml/l). The germination test showed a positive influence of the magnetic liquid, the cell division test revealed an increased mitotic index, callus accumulation rate is enhanced while the fluorescence spectra showed maxima shift for the samples in comparison to the controls.

Chelidonium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized studies of influenza epidemiology in the Sibiu county between 1968 and 1986.

The report presents a statistical synthesis (a microcomputer Junior was used) concerning the incidence of various acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (AIURT), the stages of their evolution, the distribution of cases among the population groups, the seasonal incidence and the values of epidemiologic parameters. We used clinical and epidemiologic data on AIURT of viral etiology (especially influenza). The structure of a data base on the epidemiology of AIURT of viral etiology is also presented.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of the epidemiological parameters of the most widespread viral diseases in the Socialist Republic of Romania and in Sibiu County for period 1967-1986].

Essential peculiarities of the kinetics of the morbidity evolution of most frequent virus diseases were explained using a determinant mathematical model. The main epidemiological parameters for the whole territory of the S.R. of Romania and of Sibiu County were evaluated for the 1967-1986 period.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detrimental effects of hepatitis B virus infection on the development of the product of conception.

Frequent reproductive casualties (spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, prematurity and low birth weight, congenital malformations) were recorded in a group of 264 women who had viral hepatitis (VH) during pregnancy. The proportion of such events was much higher in the HBsAg-positive women (80%) than in the seronegative ones (44%) and it varied according to the trimester when VH had occurred. Liver disease could be incriminated as the main cause of infant death in 20 out of 2110 cases investigated; 6 of the 20 mothers proved to be HBsAg-positive. Asymptomatic HBsAg carriage in a group of 3800 pregnant women was found to be of about 8%; the prevalence of HBsAg was higher in the subgroups of women with an unfavourable pregnancy evolution.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Statistical studies on the epidemiology of human congenital malformations. Implications of maternal virus infections.

Prospective and retrospective statistical studies were performed in 1,000 cases of congenital malformations. The incidences and severity of the different types of malformations were correlated with the risk and protection factors having acted on the pregnant woman. The correlation coefficients were higher in the case of specific risk factors, among which special attention was paid to maternal virus infections. The possibility is discussed of developing a programme for the individual protection of high-risk cases, implying the compensation of the exposure to risk factors by the application of adequate protection factors, according to the calculated scores.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Outbreak of Q fever in a municipal abattoir].

The present paper reports on a Q fever outbreak of 149 cases in a municipal slaughter house focus. The diagnosis was established by clinical, epidemiological, radiologic and laboratory investigations. The route of transmission was air-borne from the sick animals (not detected at the veterinary control) to man. A closer cooperation is recommended between the human and veterinary health services, for early detection of the cases, their prevention and control. The authors suggest the need to immunize the personnel exposed to the risk of contamination (zoo technical units, slaughter house personnel, etc.).

Abattoirs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stochastic model of the evolution of viral hepatitis morbidity.

Starting from the elementary epidemiological processes, the authors develop an evolution equation of the function generating the probability distribution of the number of viral hepatitis (VH) patients and susceptible subjects. Evolution equations for moments of order 1 and 2 - resulting from the equation of the generating function-are also discussed on the ground of certain simplifying hypotheses. The formulae are applied to the analysis of VH morbidity evolution in several children communities. The data on the evolution of the different moments and of the probability distributions are used from the specification of epidemiological transmissibility and susceptibility parameters.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multidisciplinary epidemiological observations on the role of mineral elements and other environmental factors in inducing essential arterial hypertension].

The results of a pluridisciplinary epidemiological study carried out on a series of 225 adults from rural areas, in whom the prevalence of arterial hypertension disease (AHTD) and borderline (AHTB) was of 19.0% and 14.4%, respectively, are presented. In 19.0% of the carriers of over five associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the classical lipid constants (triglycerides-TG. total lipids-TL. total cholesterol-TC. HDL-cholesterol-HDL-c), plasma (PML) and erythrocyte magnesium level (EML), as compared to the degree of drinking water mineralization were determined. The environmental conditions, also expressed in water hardness (21.650 G) or magnesium water intake (85.13 mg/l) correlate in 41.0% of the subjects with a decrease in PML (1.8 mg/l) and in 70.48 with a decrease in EML (4.8 mg/l) through the association of some behavioral or metabolic risk factors: stress, consumption of atherogenic foods, excess alcohol and lipid dysmetabolism (TG: 130-140 mg/l = 59.5%; TL: 8 g%-30.9%; TC: 220 mg/l = 19%; HDL-c: 35 mg/l + 1.9%).

Adult↗