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Biomedical subjects

A Pennycook

Publications and source records attributed to A Pennycook.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor reduces the severity of virus-specific lung immunopathology.

TNF antagonists are effective treatments for rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, and have been tried with variable success in other diseases caused by immune damage. To test the hypothesis that viral lung diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus or influenza virus are partly due to overproduction of TNF, we used anti-TNF antibody to treat mice with lung disease caused by these viruses. TNF depletion reduced pulmonary recruitment of inflammatory cells, cytokine production by T cells and the severity of illness without preventing virus clearance. These broad beneficial effects suggest that TNF antagonists might be tested as treatments of human viral lung diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Are blood tests of value in the primary assessment and resuscitation of patients in the A&E department?

Over a three month period an audit of the use of emergency blood tests was carried out in the accident and emergency (A&E) department at Southampton General Hospital. Few blood tests were found to be useful in the primary assessment and treatment of patients by the attending doctors. Only cross-matching of blood, an amylase level and an arterial blood gases were felt to be consistently of clinical benefit in the acute management of the patient. The reasons for inappropriate investigations and possible solutions are discussed. Significant cost savings can be made, allowing for better targeting of resources.

Amylases↗
PubMed1994

Puncture wounds of the foot: can infective complications be avoided?

The bacteriological flora of the foot and shoe was studied concurrently in 200 volunteers without foot injuries, and 80 patients with puncture wounds of the foot. Seven of 28 child patients developed clinical infections, three with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eleven of 52 adult patients also developed infections. No patients developed infection if oral antibiotics were given within the first 24 h after injury (P < 0.05). Oral antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for puncture wounds of the foot.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The management of dental problems presenting to an accident and emergency department.

Patients with dental diagnoses, not necessarily traumatic, often present to accident and emergency departments and general medical practitioners. Few doctors have received much, if any, education in the management of these patients. A 6 month prospective study revealed 107 patients (0.3% of new attenders) attending the accident and emergency department of Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Only 19 of these had suffered trauma. Medical staff in the department were only rarely able to make any diagnosis, and management of these patients took place on an empirical, symptomatic basis. Management could be improved by better education of medical students and doctors. Use of an algorithm may be appropriate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Intracardiac therapy following emergency thoracotomy in the accident and emergency department: an experimental model.

For a select group of patients with penetrating chest trauma, immediate thoracotomy in the accident and emergency department offers the only chance of survival. Foley catheters have been used to achieve haemostasis in cardiac wounds but are not widely used for intracardiac fluid and drug administration during resuscitation. In an anatomical model designed to assess this procedure an average flow rate of 275 ml min-1 was achieved. The equipment required is readily available and easily assembled.

Animals↗