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Biomedical subjects

A Pesatori

Publications and source records attributed to A Pesatori.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Combined risk factors for melanoma in a Mediterranean population.

A case-control study of non-familial melanoma including 183 incident cases and 179 controls was conducted in North-Eastern Italy to identify important risk factors and determine how combination of these affects risk in a Mediterranean population. Presence of dysplastic nevi (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2.4-7.4), low propensity to tan (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.1-5.0), light eye (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.1-5.2), and light skin colour (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 1.4-12.1) were significantly associated with melanoma risk after adjustment for age, gender and pigmentation characteristics. A chart which identifies melanoma risk associated with combinations of these factors is presented; it can be used to identify subjects who would most benefit from preventive measures in Mediterranean populations. According to the combination of these factors, a relative risk range from 1 to 98.5 was found. Light skin colour, high number of sunburns with blistering, and low propensity to tan were significantly associated with melanoma thickness, possibly indicating that individuals with these characteristics underestimate their risk and seek attention when their lesion is already advanced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cancer mortality of capacitor manufacturing workers.

Experimental studies have demonstrated that certain types of commercially produced polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are carcinogenic. Data in humans are still controversial. This study was undertaken in order to determine possible long-term effects, particularly cancer, in workers engaged in the manufacture of capacitors impregnated with PCBs in a plant operating since 1946. All workers employed for at least 1 week between 1946 and 1978 were admitted to the study (544 males and 1,556 females), and their mortality was examined for the period 1946-1982. Data on environmental contamination, workers' PCBs intake, and health effects (chloracne) were available, which documented the general exposure conditions in the plant. Vital status was ascertained for over 99% of the subjects, and death certificates were obtained for all deceased persons. Expected deaths were calculated using two sets of mortality rates, national and local. Among male workers, cancer deaths (14 obs.) were significantly increased as were deaths owing to cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (6 obs.). Also, mortality from hematologic neoplasms (3 obs.) and lung cancer (3 obs.) was higher than expected; however, the excess was statistically not significant. Female workers exhibited an overall mortality that was significantly increased above expectations. Cancer deaths (12 obs.) and hematologic neoplasms (4 obs.) were significantly higher than expected when compared with the local population. Interpretation of the results is limited by the small number of deaths; however, the point of interest is the consistency of these results with previous experimental and epidemiologic studies, which indicated the GI tract and lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue as the most probable target sites of the PCBs carcinogenic activity.

Digestive System Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Cancer mortality of an Italian cohort of workers in man-made glass-fiber production.

This study was undertaken in order to examine possible long-term effects, particularly cancer, associated with working in the man-made glass-fiber production industry in Italy (glass wool and continuous filament). All male production workers employed for a minimum of one year between 1944 and 1974 were admitted to the study (1,098 subjects), and their mortality was examined in the period 1944-1983 (21,325 person-years). The vital status ascertainment was successful for 98.9%, of the cohort members. An increased risk of cancer of the larynx was noted based, however, on only four deaths. When contrasted with the values of the local population, the increase proved to be statistically significant after 25 years since first exposure. The higher than expected larynx cancer mortality was confined to workers hired before the age of 25 years, exposed for at least 15 years, who started exposure before 1960 (main production: glass wool), and who belonged to the highest cumulative exposure categories. Known confounding factors could not completely account for the excess observed. Among the numerous studies carried out on man-made glass-fiber workers, only one incidence study in France support our findings. No other increased cancer risks have been suggested by the present study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New effect biomarkers].

The major research goals for researchers developing biomarkers of effect are the development and validation of biomarkers that permit the prediction of the risk of disease in individuals and groups. One important objective is to prevent human cancer. This article reviews the most recent analytical methodologies, validation studies and field trials together with auditing and quality assessment of the necessary data based on scientific grounds. Consideration is given to new developments in the relatively young field of toxicogenomics, possibly leading to the identification of early changes that may lead to both cancer and non-cancer end points. Although the creation and development of reliable databases integrating information from genomic and proteomic research programmes should offer a contribution to the prediction of risks and prevention of diseases related to chemical exposure, the most promising future application of these technologies lies in the molecular diagnosis of diseases whose nosography will probably be redefined.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinogenic risk for resin producers exposed to formaldehyde: extension of follow-up].

A significant increase in lung cancer was observed in a previous study on the mortality experience of a cohort of 1332 male workers employed between 1959 and 1980 in a resin manufacturing plant. Due to the limited exposure and an inadequate follow-up, it was not possible to make a thorough analysis of the potential association of this elevated risk with exposure to formaldehyde. The study was therefore continued and extended for a further six years (1980-1986), in order to overcome the limitations. Despite these attempts, however, there were still 219 workers whose specific exposure could not be identified. Lung cancer risk in the whole cohort (27,202 person-years) was equal to that of the local population (observed = 24; expected = 23.9). Among those definitely exposed to formaldehyde, 6 lung cancer cases were observed and 8.7 were expected, while those with non-specified exposure exhibited an increase risk (observed = 9; SMR = 211); they were mainly short-term workers employed at the beginning of operations. The previously suggested increase in haematologic neoplasms was confirmed (observed = 7; SMR = 143); the risk was highest among formaldehyde-exposed workers (observed = 3; SMR = 173). Five deaths due to primary liver cancer were observed, while 2.0 would have been expected from the local population rates (SMR = 244); the increased risk was fairly evenly distributed across the exposure categories (exposed to formaldehyde, SMR = 244; non-exposed to formaldehyde, SMR = 227; non-specified exposure = 287); however, all cases were first exposed at the age of 45 years or older. A noteworthy finding was a 50% increase in mortality from respiratory diseases. The increase was mainly apparent among those with longest and earliest exposure, employed in operations classified as involving exposures other than formaldehyde (observed = 9; SMR = 224). Overall, the results of this extended study do not provide sufficient grounds for associating work in formaldehyde resin production in this plant with increased carcinogenic risk; however, limitations in the individual exposure classification and suggestions of an increased risk for certain tumours preclude considering the study as negative. The numerous airborne irritative agents present in the plant environment appeared to have increased the risk of respiratory disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The health surveillance of personnel who handle antineoplastic agents].

The health surveillance of workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs is based on the fact that these substances are potentially carcinogenic to humans and can cause adverse reproductive effects, as well as irritative and allergic reactions. Health checks must be carried out before starting the job and at periodic intervals thereafter depending on the degree of exposure. These checks will have to evaluate possible physiological and pathological conditions of individual susceptibility. In addition to occupational and pathological history, and physical examination, health surveillance must include tests for the evaluation of hemopoietic, renal and liver functions. Cytogenetic studies on individual workers can be proposed only after documented abnormal exposures to antineoplastic drugs or in case of adverse effects suspected to be caused by this type of exposure.

Antineoplastic Agents↗