Biomedical subjects

A Petitet

Publications and source records attributed to A Petitet.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Review of studies with urapidil in elderly hypertensives.

Urapidil, an antihypertensive agent with dual action (alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist and 5HT1A agonist) is well established in the treatment of arterial hypertension. The present brief review deals specifically with data obtained with urapidil in the treatment of elderly hypertensive patients. Some of these data, dealing with 245 patients aged > or = 65 years, have previously been published, but additional data from more than 5000 hypertensive patients in this age group on file will be reviewed as well. This unique and large data base clearly indicates that urapidil is an effective antihypertensive agent also when used in the treatment of elderly patients. Moreover, urapidil is well tolerated in this age group and has, in addition, a potentially favourable lipid profile. It may therefore be concluded that urapidil is well suited for the treatment of hypertension in the elderly.

Aging↗

PubMed1995

Blood pressure and serum lipids in hypertensive men and women aged 60-97 years.

OBJECTIVE: To report a large set of observations on blood pressure and blood lipids including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in male and female hypertensive subjects aged 60 years or above. METHODS: Data on blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were made available on 5310 hypertensive subjects aged 60-97 years, from a European study on the effects of urapidil, a multifactorial antihypertensive agent (alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist+control 5HT1A-receptor stimulant). Observations before treatment were analysed to assess the male-female difference and the changes with age of BP and serum lipids. The subjects were divided into 7 groups, aged 60-62, 63-65, 66-68, 69-71, 72-76, 77-79, and 80+, respectively, and a 2-factor ANOVA (sex and age groups) was used. RESULTS: Systolic BP increased with increasing age in both sexes (p < 0.0001). Over the whole age range, SBP was higher in women than in men (p < 0.0001). Diastolic BP remained unchanged in men and decreased with increasing age in women (p < 0.001). The C level was almost the same in men as in women, but tended to decrease with increasing age in women (p < 0.05). HDL-C was unchanged in men, but increased with increasing age in women (p < 0.006). In all age ranges, the HDL-C level was higher in women than in men (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study reports observations on BP and serum lipids in a large sample of hypertensives subjects aged 60-97 years. This type of data, especially on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is rare in the elderly.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Acute effects of urapidil on left ventricular function in hypertensive patients: comparison with clonidine using radionuclide angiography.

We have studied the effects of urapidil 0.4 mg kg-1 i.v. and clonidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 i.v. on left ventricular volume and function in 20 patients with chronic coronary artery disease and essential hypertension. Patients were studied using 99mtechnetium radionuclide angiography with first-pass and ECG-gated equilibrium blood-pool techniques and non-invasive sphygmomanometry. Administration of both urapidil and clonidine caused a similar decrease in mean arterial pressure (20%), associated with an equivalent reduction in systemic vascular resistance. Despite the decrease in mean arterial pressure, heart rate did not change after administration of clonidine, but there was an early and transient increase of 13% after urapidil. There were no changes in cardiac index, but in contrast with clonidine, urapidil caused a decrease in stroke index. In both groups, global left ventricular ejection fraction did not change. Urapidil produced a mean decrease in end-diastolic volume of 8% and a mean decrease in end-systolic volume of 13%, in contrast with clonidine which caused little change. Reduced arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance and preload after urapidil 0.4 mg kg-1 i.v., associated with lack of prolonged tachycardia and preserved global left ventricular performance, may have obvious clinical implications in anaesthesia.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1993

[Is urapidil a venodilator?].

This study aimed to assess and compare the effects of urapidil and clonidine on right ventricular volumes and function in 20 physical status ASA III patients, with a borderline untreated essential hypertension and with or without chronic coronary artery disease. The patients were randomly assigned to two equal groups to receive either urapidil (0.4 mg.kg-1) or clonidine (2.5 micrograms.kg-1). Neither patient had congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, previous myocardial infarction, nor was any being treated with beta-blocking agents or with amiodarone. Usual anti-anginal medication (nifedipine and isosorbide) was maintained up to the time of the procedure. Monitoring was obtained from ECG, Swan-Ganz catheter fitted out with a fast response-thermistor, and radial artery cannula. Blood samples were withdrawn for plasma atrial natriuretic factor determination. Thirty minutes after catheter insertion, baseline data were collected in supine and 45 degrees head-up tilt positions. Following urapidil or clonidine i.v. injection, three series of measurements (3, 8 and 13 min) were made in supine and tilt positions according to a randomized sequence. The two groups were similar with regard to age, weight, height, coronary artery disease and treatment. Urapidil and clonidine elicited a similar decrease in mean arterial pressure of 14% in supine position and 20% in head-up tilt position, combined with an exclusive decrease in systolic index i.e. not associated with a change in peripheral vascular resistances. Despite the decrease in arterial pressure, heart rate remained unchanged. Right ventricular ejection fraction was maintained after both urapidil and clonidine, however end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased, with no modification by tilting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗

PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics of the antirheumatic lonazolac-Ca in humans].

The pharmacokinetics of the non-steroidal, antiinflammatory drug lonazolac-Ca in man was investigated. Lonazolac-Ca (Irritren, arthro akut, Argun-L, Argun-300) (single doses 200 mg or 300 mg) was administered both to healthy, young volunteers and to patients with renal impairment, to elderly and arthritic patients and to nursing women. Serum concentrations were measured for lonazolac and its main serum metabolite M1, and pharmacokinetic characteristics such as Cmax, AUC and t1/2 were calculated after both single and multiple oral doses of film-coated tablets of lonazolac-Ca. In addition also suppositories of lonazolac-Ca (single dose 400 mg) were tested after single and multiple administration. In a study in healthy, normal volunteers, total radioactivity in blood was followed after oral and i.v. administration of 14-C-lonazolac-Ca (-Na). Lonazolac and M1 generally showed a biphasic pattern of elimination, their terminal half-lives being both ca. 6 h in young volunteers. In elderly patients the terminal half-life was about twice as long. Nevertheless, no accumulation of lonazolac on multiple dosing was observed in either volunteers or patients due to the rapid alpha-phase. However, some accumulation occurred for the (pharmacologically inactive) M1 in elderly patients and in patients with renal impairment. Serum profiles were lower and flatter after administration of suppositories as compared to oral administration. Lonazolac concentrations in synovial fluid were about half of those in serum, no lonazolac could be found in breast milk although there was some transfer of M1.

Administration, Oral↗