Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Petroianu.
We have presented a study of 125 patients treated for incisional hernia. This complication occurred more frequently in women (81%), and gynecologic and obstetric procedures were responsible for 58%. The method of surgical repair in all cases was peritoneal-aponeurotic transposition. The 5-year recurrence rate was less than 3%.
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The effects of ethanol on simultaneous jejunal handling of calcium and glucose were studied in long-term canine jejunal Thirty-Vella loops. The loops were perfused intraluminally in a random sequence with physiologic buffer, buffer containing 3.5% ethanol, and buffer containing 7% ethanol. The addition of 3.5% or 7% ethanol to the buffer reduced the net absorption of glucose by 13% and 26%, respectively. The addition of 7% but not 3.5% ethanol significantly increased the net secretion of calcium (168% of basal). In contrast, luminal perfusion with ethanol did not significantly alter intestinal handling of water, sodium, or potassium. Serum calcium and glucose levels were similarly unaffected by the ethanol perfusion. Mean serum ethanol levels were all less than 10 mg/dl. We conclude that intraluminal ethanol has a significant effect on the jejunal handling of glucose and calcium, and this effect is not dependent on systemic intoxication.
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The relationship between female sex and cholelithiasis is not well clarified. There is some evidence that relates the pathogenesis of the gallstones to hormonal alterations. Perimenopausal women with dyspeptic symptoms revealed substantial delay in gallbladder emptying. Some elements related to the perimenopause may be responsible for the reduction of gallbladder emptying. This probably contributes to the pathogenesis of gallstones which are much more frequent during this period.
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Ethanol has been shown to reduce serum calcium in multiple animal studies. However, in human studies done using lower doses of alcohol, only inconclusive results have been obtained. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of varying doses of oral ethanol on total serum calcium. Fifteen adult mongrel dogs (17-25 kg) were divided into three groups which differed in the dosage of ethanol given. Group I animals received 0.5 g/kg of ethanol; Group II, 1.0 g/kg ethanol; and Group III, 2.0 g/kg of ethanol. Venous blood was sampled for estimation of concentrations of total serum calcium and ethanol. In the animals in Group I, serum calcium levels were unchanged by the ethanol. In both Groups II and III, significant reductions in serum calcium were demonstrated, which occurred within 5 min of intoxication. The mean decrease in serum calcium in Group III animals was significantly greater than that in either Group I and II. We conclude that the rapid hypocalcemic effect requires a threshold amount of ethanol before it becomes chemically evident. This critical value in dogs approximated 1 g/kg which results in a mean peak serum alcohol concentration of 117 +/- 6 mg/dl.
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1. Postsplenectomy complications have stimulated surgeons to opt for partial splenectomy as a more desirable technique for several diseases and in some cases for trauma to the spleen. 2. We studied spleen viability in 15 dogs submitted to subtotal splenectomy while maintaining the upper pole and upper splenogastric vessels. Macro- and microscopic histological studies as well as Tc99m-labeled heat-damaged erythrocyte scintigraphic analysis of splenic blood irrigation were carried out. 3. We conclude that: a) the splenogastric vessels are sufficient for the maintenance of spleen irrigation and drainage; b) the spleen remnants develop increased cellularity of the splenic cords and lymphoid folliculi; c) the length of the spleen remnants does not change for at least 2 months after surgery.
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Gastric fundus strips (GFS) of rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, cats and humans, but not of dogs, show spontaneous phasic contractions in vitro. Rabbit, cat, dog and human GFS exhibit dose-dependent responses to acetylcholine (ACh), histamine (His), serotonin (5-HT) and KCl. Guinea-pig drug-induced responses are not dose-dependent. Rat GFS does not respond to His. ED50S for KCl are always higher than for other agonists. ED50S for 5-HT are lower than for other drugs in rats and cats, but not different in other species. Maximal GFS contractions induced by ACh are usually higher than those induced by other drugs.
Alcohol has been shown to reduce serum calcium concentrations in several animal studies. In humans, using relatively low doses of alcohol, however, the results were inconclusive. In addition, the effect of alcohol consumption on serum magnesium concentrations is controversial. To elucidate the influence of alcohol ingestion on serum calcium and magnesium in humans 43 intoxicated patients and seven healthy volunteers who had not previously ingested alcohol were studied. There was an inversely related diminuition of serum calcium and magnesium concentrations with increasing serum alcohol. These effects of alcohol may play a role in the metabolic and clinical disorders observed in severely intoxicated people.
The terminal vascular architecture is related to the segmental pattern of this organ. However, several interlobar vascular anastomoses communicate the spleen parts. In order to verify the efficacy of those anastomoses, the present work studied experimentally the viability of the spleen after selective external devascularization, in rats and dogs. All animals developed segmental necroses and eventual abscesses limited to the devascularized portion of the organ. These results demonstrate that the intraparenchymatous anastomoses do not maintain the viability of externally devascularized regions of the spleen. The data presented in this paper are worth to be considered in therapeutic conservative splenectomies.
This report presents a twenty-year-old man with generalized digestive and urinary smooth muscle hypertrophy combined with somatic and sexual hypodevelopment. We could not find in the literature any report related to the disease of our patient. Congenital pyloric stenosis is the less rare obstructive syndrome due to smooth muscle hypertrophy. Morgagni described this syndrome in an adult patient, in the XVIII century (2). Pyloroplasty is the best treatment for this disease. Other congenital or acquired obstructive syndromes of the digestive system such as Chagas' aganglionosis and pseudo-obstruction of the small bowel are also important clinical and surgical challenges (1,3,4). Several obstructive illnesses due to smooth muscle dysfunction have been described. This report presents an apparently original syndrome urinary segmental obstruction following smooth muscle hypertrophy.