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Biomedical subjects

A Pickert

Publications and source records attributed to A Pickert.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

In vivo clearance and elimination of nine marker substances during hemofiltration with different membranes.

The handling of low, middle and high molecular weight markers was examined in seven stable dialysis patients during hemofiltration with different membranes. Four membranes were examined in a randomized, crossover order (polysulfone, polyamide, AN69 polyacrylonitrile, Asahi polyacrylonitrile) by measuring plasma and dialysate concentrations of phosphate, creatinine, vitamin B12, beta 2-microglobulin, furanic acid, hippuric acid, retinol-binding protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and albumin. Sieving coefficients and plasma clearances of beta 2-microglobulin or retinol-binding protein were markedly or slightly lower during hemofiltration with the Asahi polyacrylonitrile membrane than with the other membranes (highest removal with polysulfone/AN69 polyacrylonitrile membranes). No differences of obvious clinical relevance could be seen between the four membranes. A high beta 2-microglobulin removal rate might be important to prevent dialysis-associated amyloidosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Selected ion monitoring gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using uniformly labelled (13C)glucose for determination of glucose turnover in man.

An optimized method is described for the mass fragmentographic determination of uniformly labelled (13C)glucose in human plasma using a butylboronic acid acetate derivative, and capillary gas chromatography. The advantages of the method are the ease and speed of the derivatization procedure, the small sample size, high precision (interassay coefficient of variation 5.7%), and applicability of a relatively low-cost mass spectrometer. This method allows glucose tracer experiments to be performed in man using the bolus injection technique, necessitating analysis of many samples. The results on glucose turnover obtained in a clinical experiment were in full agreement with previously published data.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hippuric acid and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid in serum and urine. Analytical approaches and clinical relevance in kidney diseases.

Hippuric acid (HA) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (FA) were determined in serum, plasma, ultrafiltrate and urine by gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography and GC with mass-selective detection, and the methods were compared. As determined by affinity chromatography and analysis of serum and ultrafiltrate, 0.5% of FA in serum occurs free and 99.5% is bound to albumin. In haemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure, the plasma levels of HA and FA are elevated in comparison with normal controls and hospital patients without kidney diseases: HA, 11.1 +/- 5.7 mg/dl (n = 86); FA, 1.9 +/- 1.2 mg/dl (n = 86). Gradual increases in HA in serum, depending on the creatinine concentrations, are found in non-dialysed patients with chronic renal failure. By haemodialysis and haemofiltration the HA levels are lowered (53-66 and 30-36%, respectively), whereas FA is not dialysable.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1989

Determination of hippuric acid and furanic acid in serum of dialysis patients and control persons by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (furanic acid) and hippuric acid in human serum is described. Quantitative data were obtained from 20 blood donors, 26 non-dialysis patients and 41 dialysis patients. In healthy persons hippuric acid ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 mg/dl, furanic acid from 0.13 to 0.53 mg/dl. In dialysis patients the mean concentration of hippuric acid was elevated to 17.2 mg/dl (range 1.7-50.8 mg/dl) and the mean concentration of furanic acid was elevated to 1.89 mg/dl (range 0.17-6.45 mg/dl). In patients without renal insufficiency the concentrations were not elevated. These data are in accordance with previous data obtained by gas chromatographic methods. Preliminary results indicate that hippuric acid and furanic acid may be more specific parameters than other uremic retention products, and better indicators for the need for dialysis treatment than urea or creatinine.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

Unusual course of a Chlamydia pneumonia in an infant with IgG2/IgG4-deficiency.

An unusual case of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) pneumonia, complicated by the development of a pneumothorax, is reported in an IgG2/IgG4 deficient infant delivered by caesarean section. C. trachomatis was isolated initially from a throat smear and subsequently from pleural effusions. Serological examinations using the complement fixation test were negative in sera of both mother and child. However, using immunofluorescence the presence of an acute or recent infection was confirmed by IgM-antibodies in the serum of the infant and IgA-antibodies in the serum of the mother. At the age of 7 months the girl suffered from impetigo contagiosa which was partially resistant to antibiotic treatment. IgG-subclass deficiency was diagnosed after the onset of this disease and the girl was then treated by immunoglobulin transfusion.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Panuveitis with positive serological tests for syphilis and Lyme disease.

The Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test and the fluorescent treponemal antigen absorption test are commonly considered highly specific serologic tests for syphilis. We describe a patient with panuveitis and a positive serologic result for syphilis; however, in the absence of clinical findings, additional tests for Lyme disease (borreliosis) were positive as well, although by Western blot test the diagnosis was tentative. The clinical appearance of the panuveitis was similar to that of syphilitic uveitis accompanied by pseudopigmentosa-like areas in the anterior retina. In the presence of uveitis with an otherwise unexplained positive serologic result for syphilis, the differential diagnosis of Lyme disease should be considered.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

New developments in medical microbiology: computer-assisted diagnosis and automated instruments.

Time and accuracy required for diagnosis are two of the most important factors in medical microbiology. Computer-assisted diagnosis is one tool to overcome these problems. The software of such systems, much more than the hardware, is of utmost importance and both have to fulfill several items. 1) High flexibility and integration within the already existing working schemes of the laboratory. 2) Terminals in every laboratory. 3) High speed of calculation. 4) Online data transfer from automated instruments. 5) External terminals on intensive care units. 6) Epidemiological and etiopathological investigations have to be possible at any time. In the laboratory the burden of simple, repeating tasks is diminished, inquiries can be made in a minute and precise information about the epidemiological situation can be gained within a few hours. Thus, calculated antimicrobial therapy depending on the incidence of certain pathogens in given specimens in different departments is possible. In the case of fast-growing bacteria, preliminary reports, including susceptibility testing available within the first 24 h, are possible and will be of great help to the clinician in monitoring the calculated antimicrobial regimen. External terminals will allow continuous flow of data from the laboratory to wards and vice versa.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1985

Gas chromatographic profiling of phenolic acids in urine of patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

Phenolic acids are analysed within the profile of the organic acids in urine of patients with cirrhosis. For the following constituents an increased urinary excretion is observed: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxyhippuric acid, vanillic acid, homovanillic acid, 4-hydroxymandelic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpropionic acid and p-cresol. The phenols are metabolites of tyrosine and are produced in the liver, in extrahepatic tissues and by intestinal microorganisms. They are suggested as biochemical control parameters for the metabolizing function of the liver, for the effect of therapy and for the existence of portal-systemic venous collaterals.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1985

[Survival of Campylobacter jejuni in drinking water, river water and sewage].

Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) has not been found by us in raw sewage or anaerobically stabilized sludge. Therefore the survival of C. jejuni has been tested in drinking water, river water and sewage. A suspension of about 10(7) C. jejuni per ml was filled into dialysis tubes which were placed in wire baskets and exposed. Exposition to drinking water was done using two continuously perfused containers in the laboratory, whereas exposition to sewage and river-water was performed at the local sewage treatment plant. Viable C. jejuni numbers per ml were reduced to zero in drinking water during five days starting from 10(6)/ml, in about two days in river water, starting from 10(8)/ml, and one and a half day in untreated sewage, starting from 10(7)/ml. E. coli showed no significant reduction in any of the experiments. Survival of C. jejuni in water seems to be restricted to a few days. The concentration of oxygen or nutrients in the water seems to be without relevance, whereas the most significant variable is temperature, which in our experiments was highest in the sewage and lowest in the drinking water containers.

Campylobacter fetus↗