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Biomedical subjects

A Prata

Publications and source records attributed to A Prata.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renal anatomopathological changes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency deficiency syndrome].

Renal anatomopathological lesions were studied among 119 AIDS patients from Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro's University Hospital (Uberaba, MG, Brazil). From formalin-fixed blocks, slides were obtained and studied by light microscopy. Of 119 patients, 67 presented tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), 18 inespecific, 2 xantogranulomatous and infections agents were found in 48 as follows: mycosis in 28 (16 Cryptococcus sp; 9 Histoplasma sp, 1 Candida sp e 2 Paracoccidioides brasiliensis); bacteria in 18 (9 Mycobacterium sp), virus in 6 (Cytomegalovirus). Acute tubular necrosis was found in 43 cases (36.1%). Other diagnosis were: nefrocalcinosis (15.1%), arteriolar hyalinosis (22.7%), two cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (1.7%) and one case of diffuse mesangial hyperplasia (0.8%). We conclude that the renal involvement in patients with AIDS, presents a wide spectrum of pathologies, secondary to complications related to opportunistic infections, therapeutic and diagnostic management, and the nephropathies associated to HIV.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The behavior of Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia in chronic chagasics over 13 years].

The parasitemia of 202 chronic chagasics was studied for approximately 13 years by repeated conventional xenodiagnoses. Mean patient age was 41.1 years. They lived in an endemic area; 124 were females and 78 were males. It was seen that the level of parasitemia oscillated. It went up in 14 individuals, went down in 42 and stayed at the same level in 146. In general the parasitemia was reduced. The percentage of xenopositive chagasics, which was 37.6%, 48.5%, and 51% in the first, second and third xenodiagnosis, respectively, in 1976/78, changed to 30.2% in 1988/91 (p = 0.00003). The percentage of positive pools, which was 15.2%, 20.9%, 20.8% in the first, second and third xenodiagnosis, respectively, in 1976/78, changed to 10.4% in 1988/91, (p = 0.00000001). There were 62 patients whose xenodiagnoses were all negative and 23 whose exams were all positive. The percentage of chagasics with high, medium and low parasitemia, which in 1976/78 was 9.4%, 20.8% and 69.8%, respectively, changed to 4.4%, 12.9% and 82.7%, respectively, in 1988/91.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and laboratory renal alterations in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in relation to anatomopathological findings].

Clinical as well as renal anatomopathological data of 119 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from the Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil, were studied. Mean age was 33 +/- 10.4 years (range 18 to 67 years). White (59%) and male (80%) individuals predominated. Ninety percent of patients came from Uberaba or neighborhood. There were 59 (50%) heterosexual, 25 (21%) homosexual, 17 (14%) bisexual and 18 (15%) unknown. Forty three percent were drug abusers. Fourteen (12.2%) of patients had serum creatinine higher than 3mg/dl, ten days before death, 64% of them showed acute tubular necrosis. Seventy one (61%) patients presented hyponatremia and 8 (7%) had hypernatremia. Hypokalemia was detected in 28 (24%) and hyperkalemia in 8 (7%) patients. Twenty four hours urinary protein was detected in 12 patients, 7 of them presenting more than 1g/24h. Two patients showed segmentar focal glomerulosclerosis, one of them with 24h urinary protein level of 5.5 g and serum creatinine 1.5 mg/dl and no edema. The most (56%) patients had tubulointerstitial nephritis. Clinical, laboratory and types of renal disorders in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are variable. The glomerular diseases were relatively scarce however, tubulointerstitial lesions are quite frequent, mainly interstitial nephritis and acute tubular necrosis. Not always an anatomoclinical correlation could be observed, because many times the electrolyte disorders were frequently observed only functionally.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absence of both circadian rhythm and Trypanosoma cruzi periodicity with xenodiagnosis in chronic chagasic individuals.

Xenodiagnoses were performed every 3 hours using 10 Triatoma infestans 3rd instar for 24 to 72 hours, in 18 chronic chagasics with positive serology and/or xenodiagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference in the positivity of assays performed during the day (9:00 to 18:00 h) compared to those performed at night (21:00 to 6:00 h), (chi 2 = 0.1526 p = 0.696). Xenodiagnosis was performed in ten of the patients for 13 successive days but there was no periodicity detected in the positive assays.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A 13-year clinical study on 190 chronic chagasic patients from Mambaí, Goiás, Brazil].

A prospective study was performed on the clinical, electrocardiographic (ECG) and radiologic aspects of the esophagus in 190 chagasic patients, for on average follow-up period of 13 years. We found 108 (56.8%) patients who remained in the same clinical state, 72 (37.9%) patients with progressive illness and 10 (5.3%) patients whose previous ECG abnormalities subsided. Thirty nine out of 72 patients with progressive disease developed cardiopathy or aggravation of previous illness, 32 developed into megaesophagus or an existing picture deteriorated and 12 developed or showed worsening of the colopathy. Of 72 patients, 11 presented with associated forms. The development of cardiopathy was greater in males 29.6% (21/71) than in females 15.1% (18/119), p =0.015. There were 19 new cases of cardiopathy, and 20 of aggravated previous disease. The incidence of megaesophagus was 14.9% (23/154), with nine patients whose previous disease worsened. The progression of colopathy was greater in females 9.2% (11/119) than in males 1.4% (1/71), p = 0.026.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the impact of chemical control measures and entomological surveillance on Chagas' disease in the counties of Mambaí and Buritinópolis, Goiás State, Brazil.

Epidemiological surveillance activities were implemented in 1980 in Mambaí and Buritinópolis counties, Goiás State. Twenty years later the authors evaluated the impact of these vector control measures on Chagas' disease transmission, based on entomological indicators. Entomological investigation was conducted using the man-hour technique and covering all domiciles. In order to study vector food sources the stomach contents of triatomines were analyzed using the modified precipitins technique. Triatomines were shown to be present in 48 (71.6%) of the 67 locations. Peridomiciliary infestation rates in Mambaí and Buritinópolis were 8.7% and 12.1%, respectively, while intradomiciliary rates were 0.7% and 1.2%. Triatoma sordida was the species identified in 97.3% of all captured specimens. It was also the only species found to be naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Birds were the most frequent food source (45%) for Triatoma sordida. The most significant result was the complete absence of Triatoma infestans in the two counties.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of immigration on the prevalence of malaria in rural areas of the Amazon basin of Brazil.

Epidemiological studies were conducted on malaria in three rural areas of the Amazon basin in the State of Rondônia: the town of Costa Marques, Forte Principe da Beira (Fort), and an immigrant settlement in the nearby forest. These studies were instituted to document the malaria problem and to describe the role of immigration on its distribution and prevalence. Hospital records in the town show that the number of malaria cases increased five fold from 1983 to 1987 and that the predominant malaria parasite changed from Plasmodium vivax to P. falciparum. Increased malaria followed increased immigration and colonization of the forest. A series of epidemiologic studies suggested the linkage between malaria and immigration as the prevalence of malaria was 1-2% at the Fort, a stable community, 8-9% at Costa Marques, a growing community, and 14-26% in the new settlements in the forest.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Schistosomiasis--infection and race of carriers].

The geometric average (parasitical charge) of the eggs of Schistosoma mansoni quantified by Kato-Katz method in five parasitological fecal exams of 868 individuals, was correlated to sex, age and racial groups. The higher averages were observed in females from 6 to 15 years old and in black individuals--the analysis of variation showed, however, more significant effect of age and of sex. However, when the average results were translated, qualitatively into positives and negatives no sexual differences were observed and only the individuals under 5 years old were significantly more negative than those over 6 years old. Nevertheless, in these age brackets the white individuals were mostly negative, and in the sample group they reach statistic significance (X2(2) = 20.76 p 0.0001)--with the following percentage of negatives: whites--26.8%; mulatos--16.3% and negroes--9.1%. These results reinforce the hypothesis, among other predisponent factors of Schistosomiasis--infection, of the effect of the social-economical level in the Brazilian black population.

Adolescent↗