Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A R Ahmed.
HLA-DRW4 was found in all 11 female and 10 out of 12 male Jewish patients with pemphigus vulgaris, a frequency of 91% in all, which was significantly higher than the 25% frequency among normal Jewish controls. The relative risk was 31.5. The BW38-DRW4 haplotype occurred in 12 out of 22 patients (55%) but in only 2% of White non-Jews and 11% of normal Jewish people.
This study evaluates the ability of hydroxyzine and various neuroleptics to suppress histamine-induced pruritus in ten volunteer subjects with the use of a double-blind crossover protocol. The itch threshold was determined in each volunteer by intradermal injection of gradually increasing concentrations of histamine. Volunteers were then given the study drugs and placebo at the same interval of time, under near identical conditions, and the itch threshold was determined. Thiothixene, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and a lactose placebo were evaluated. Compared to other drugs, hydroxyzine alone was more effective in the suppression of histamine-induced itch. Consequently, hydrozyzine may be more effective in histamine-induced pruritus. The neuroleptic drugs used in this study do not significantly suppress histamine-induced pruritus, but they may be beneficial in nonhistamine-induced pruritus or psychogenic pruritus.
Sixty-seven patients with histologic and immunologic features of bullous pemphigold (BP) were evaluated. Eleven patients had a localized blistering disease that was predominantly confined to one area of the body, most commonly the lower extremities. Two patients displayed a dapsone-responsive blistering disease that was characterized by a flexural distribution of ten to 20 1-cm or less, intensely pruitic, subepidermal bullae and linear IgA basement membrane zone deposition. Two patients had a chronic recalcitrant generalized scarring, hyperkeratotic, subepidermal blistering eruption that demonstrated serologic and direct immunofluorescence (IF) findings of BP. One patient displayed grouped small vesicles surmounted on an erythematous base; the clinical diagnosis was dermatitis herpetiformis, but direct IF examination of the biopsy specimen showed features of BP. One patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita had serologic and direct IF features suggestive of BP.
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Of 52 patients with proved Trichophyton tonsurans infection of the scalp, 16 had an inflammatory reaction to this infection (kerion), while the rest had only slight scaling and broken hairs (black dot ring-worm). Each patient was tested with trichophytin antigen to determine whether cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was responsible for the differences in these different clinical presentations. Fifteen of 16 with kerion had a 48-hour reaction greater than 10 mm, while none of the 36 with noninflammatory (black dot) tinea capitis had a similar response. This suggests that the patient's immune response (CMI) may be responsible for kerion infections of the scalp and that therapy could be directed initially toward suppressing this reaction.
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Thirty-six patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) have been periodically evaluated for four years. This study demonstrates that BP may occur in a transient predominantly localized form that remits spontaneously, and most BP patients after successful therapy remain in prolonged clinical remission. In this study, all patients with active or recurrent disease had IgG and/or C3 basement membrane zone (BMZ) deposition. Serum anti-BMZ antibodies was an inconstant feature. In most instances, clinical remission of BP was associated with disappearance of BMZ ig and C3 deposition and serum BMZ antibodies. Fluorescein-conjugated, antihuman C3 appears to be a more sensitive immunoreagent than antihuman, class specific, immunoglobulin antisera in detecting positive BMZ staining in BP. Combined therapy with azathioprine plus prednisone appears to be superior to prednisone alone in the treatment of BP.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.