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Biomedical subjects

A R Euler

Publications and source records attributed to A R Euler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Gastroesophageal reflux in the severely retarded who vomit: criteria for and results of surgical intervention in twenty-two patients.

Forty-two severely retarded patients, ranging in age from 2 to 26 years, were referred for diagnostic evaluation because of chronic vomiting. The diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) was made in 28 of the basis of reflux (grade III) on upper gastrointestinal series and the presence of esophagitis either grossly at endoscopy or on esophageal biopsy. Nissen fundoplication was performed in 22 because of the frequent occurrence of complications such as pneumonia, gastrointestinal blood loss, and malnutrition attributable to GER. The incidence of postoperative complications was 59%. However, during a mean follow-up period of 14.1 months, no further vomiting or gastrointestinal blood loss was encountered, and only one patient had a single episode of pneumonia. Weight gain in those who were malnourished was impressive. In addition, the already difficult care of the patients was greatly facilitated. Severely retarded patients with GER who suffer recurrent complications should be considered for Nissen fundoplication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Lymphoid polyps (focal lymphoid hyperplasia) of the colon in children.

Lymphoid polyps (focal lymphoid hyperplasia) of the colon are rare in children. These lesions are benign, but must be differentiated from malignant lymphomas. Grasp biopsies of the lesion are inadequate for this purpose and the polyp should be submitted in toto for pathologic examination. No treatment other than local excision is warranted. Two cases are presented and the literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The role of sigmoidoscopy, radiographs, and colonoscopy in the diagnostic evaluation of pediatric age patients with suspected juvenile polyps.

Juvenile polyps are the most common cause of painless hematochezia in pediatric Age patients after the first year of life. This study evaluated the role of rigid proctosigmoidoscopy, air contrast barium enema examinations, and colonoscopy in the diagnostic approach to 43 such patients. During sigmoidoscopy, polyps were removed from 31 children. On subsequent barium enema examination, more proximal lesions were found in only 4 of these 31 patients, but were seen in 7 of the 12 children who had negative sigmoidoscopic evaluations. Fourteen children had colonoscopy performed. This group included the latter 12 patients plus 2 of the former 4 who again developed hematochezia. Polypectomies were done during 11 of these procedures. Eight of these 11 children had proximal lesions seen during radiographic studies. The diagnostic approach to pediatric age patients with painless hematochezia should include an initial rigid sigmoidoscopic examination. Barium enema evaluation should be reserved for those patients requiring colonoscopy. The latter examination should be performed in all children who have had negative sigmoidoscopic examinations plus those who have had polyps removed from the rectum and then again develop hematochezia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Depressed neutrophil chemotaxis in infants with cow's milk and/or soy protein intolerance.

Neutrophil chemotaxis and random migration were studied in 11 infants with active cow's milk and/or soy protein intolerance and in an additional four infants following clinical recovery. Results were compared to 15 age-matched control subjects. Infants with active intolerance exhibited depressed chemotaxis and enhanced random migration. The four recovered infants had values similar to those of control subjects.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Use of bethanechol for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.

A double-blind crossover study utilizing bethanechol was performed among 45 pediatric-aged patients with gastroesophageal reflux. Thirty young children (age = less than 1 year) were studied. These infants did significantly better while taking bethanecol than when they were receiving placebo. Fifteen children (age greater than 1 year) were also studied. These patients also had significant clinical improvement while on the drug when compared to the period when they were receiving placebo. Esophageal pH probe testing after the oral administration of bethanecol showed a significant decrease in frequency and duration of episodes of gastroesophageal reflux. This improvement may be secondary to the increases in lower esophageal sphincter pressure and persistaltic activity seen during esophageal manometrics. Bethanechol should be considered for pediatric-aged patients who are not benefited by conventional medical therapeutic regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion in newborn human infants.

Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion was measured in 26 healthy newborn infants on the 1st and 2nd days of life. Basal acid outputs (BAO) on day 1 (0.378 mEq/hr) and day 2 (0.388 mEq/hr) were similar and not significantly different from the maximal acid outputs (MAO) on day 1 (0.413 mEq/hr) and day 2 (0.452 mEq/hr). When calculated on a mEq/kg/hr basis, BAO on day 1 was 0.110 with an MAO of 0.122. The BAO on day 2 was 0.114 with an MAO of 0.133. Fasting serum gastrin levels obtained before the acid studies on each day were elevated (mean, day 1 = 100 pg/ml; mean, day 2 = 108 pg/ml). These findings suggest that either gastric acid secretion in the newborn is maximal under basal condition or that newborn parietal cells are unresponsive to pentagastrin on day 1 and 2 of life.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Recurrent pulmonary disease in children: a complication of gastroesophageal reflux.

To evaluate the role of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) as a possible cause of recurrent pulmonary disease, 30 children, aged 1 to 18 years, were studied prospectively with esophageal function tests. These included esophagram (30 patients), esophageal manometry (29 patients), pH probe (Tuttle) test (29 patients), and esophagoscopy with esophageal biopsy (23 patients). The patients studied had either chronic asthma or two or more documented pneumonias within a one-year period. Nineteen (63%) had GER based on two or more positive tests. Eighteen had positive Tuttle tests; 13 had abnormal manometry studies; nine had esophagitis on biopsy; six had esophagitis on esophagoscopy; and five had reflux on esophagram. Of those with GER, 17 had a history of nocturnal cough and eight vomited during infancy. Children with recurrent pulmonary disease should have esophageal function testing to exclude GER as the cause.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction syndrome in children--clinical characteristics and prognosis.

Eleven children with the diagnosis of chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction are presented. Four children, all siblings of a symptomatic patient, were asymptomatic and were diagnosed radiographically. The clinical course was characterized by intermittent episodes of abdominal distention, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and malnutrition. Radiographic studies were most helpful in making the diagnosis. Findings on upper gastrointestinal series included abnormal esophageal motility, delayed gastric emptying, dilated loops of small bowel, and disorganized transit of barium. Half of the patients had abnormal evacuation patterns on barium enema. Manometric studies of esophageal motility were abnormal in seven of ten children. In those patients studied, small bowel and rectal biopsies contained ganglion cells. Treatment was directed at relieving symptoms, which in four patients became persistent and required total parenteral nutrition. CIIPS carries a poor long-term prognosis in children.

Biopsy↗