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Biomedical subjects

A R Gourlay

Publications and source records attributed to A R Gourlay.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Contribution of the rib cage to breathing in tetraplegia.

In tetraplegia there is often paradoxical inward motion of the rib cage during inspiration. The volume of this negative contribution is difficult to estimate but can be obtained by optical mapping. The partitioning of ventilation between the rib cage and abdomen in six normal subjects, 10 stable tetraplegic patients, and one tetraplegic patient at intervals during rehabilitation has been studied by this technique. In normal subjects the tidal volume and the vital capacity were the sum of positive contributions from the rib cage and abdomen. In stable tetraplegic subjects with similar neurological levels, the rib cage contribution varied widely but the total chest wall displacement could not be predicted from the vital capacity. In the patient studied sequentially rib cage paradox reversed with time after injury, and this was associated with an absolute increase in vital capacity and an improvement in the action of the diaphragm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of an optical mapping technique for lung function studies.

An optical technique for lung function measurement studies is described and analysed. Procedures which permit the reconstruction of three dimensional data concerning the thoraco-abdominal wall are developed and methods for calculating volumes, surface areas and cross-sections are outlined.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

An optical method of studying the shape and movement of the chest wall in recumbent patients.

A method of optical mapping has been developed that allows the shape and motion of the chest wall to be studied in recumbent patients. It uses a single camera at a fixed viewpoint to determine the three dimensional coordinates of the visible surface of the body, and hence to measure the volume and shape of the visible segment. Measurements on different test objects (volumes 228-7807 ml) in different positions suggest a reproducibility of volume measurement of +/- 26 ml (SD) and a maximum volume error of 150 ml. Studies of computed tomography scans in inspiration and expiration show that it should be possible to capture 97% of respiratory motion by this method. The mean difference between optical and spirometric measurements of expired volume in six subjects was 0.25 (SD 0.2) 1. Within subject systematic errors of up to 10% were noted. The mean deviation about the regression line of optically measured expired volume on spirometric expired volume varied from 68 to 243 ml in the six subjects (mean 131 (SD 92) ml). To examine the potential of the optical technique, for rapid data acquisition it was used to construct a 24 point flow volume loop from a normal subject.

Anthropometry↗