Biomedical subjects

A R Hervada

Publications and source records attributed to A R Hervada.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Feeding preterm infants a formula containing C20 and C22 fatty acids simulates plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition of infants fed human milk.

Thirty-four premature infants weighing less than 1500 grams at birth were fed preterm formula (formula), preterm infant formula manufactured to contain a balance of C20 and C22 omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids within the range characteristic of human milk (LCPE-formula) or their mothers' expressed breast milk (EBM). Blood samples were obtained during the first week of life and after 28 days of feeding to determine the effect of feeding C20 and C22 omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids on plasma lipids. Fatty acid analyses of red blood cell phospholipids indicated few differences between dietary treatment and age. Fatty acid content of plasma cholesterol esters indicated a high plasma cholesterol linoleate level for infants fed formula and a reduced content of C20 and C22 omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids. For infants fed the modified formula (LCPE-formula) the levels of 20:4 omega 6, 20:5 omega 3 and 22:6 omega 3 were higher than observed for the formula group and similar to those observed for infants fed EBM. By the fifth week of life, feeding the modified formula resulted in plasma phospholipid levels of C20 and C22 omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids similar to levels of C20 and C22 omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids found in infants fed EBM and significantly higher than levels characteristic of infants fed formula. It is concluded that infants fed LCPE-formula illustrate an overall balance between C20 and C22 omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids in the plasma similar to that characteristic of infants fed human milk.

Fatty Acids↗

PubMed1986

Effect of water supplementation of full-term newborns on arrival of milk in the nursing mother.

It has been suggested that water supplementation of breast-fed newborns may delay the arrival of true milk. A total of 136 healthy term neonates were divided into two groups. Seventy-eight nursed exclusively on demand, and 58 received in addition supplemental water ad lib. Mean time for arrival of milk in the unsupplemented group was 54.9 hours and in the supplemented group 56.6 hours. This difference was not significant, indicating that water supplementation to the normal term newborn does not affect or disrupt the establishment of lactation.

Breast Feeding↗

PubMed1983

Epidemiologic variations in childhood sexual abuse.

We retrospectively reviewed records of 566 children ranging from 6 months to 16 years of age who presented to a sexual assault crisis center. They represented 33.2% of all alleged sexual assault victims seen over a 36 month period. There were 103 males (18.2%) and 463 females (81.8%). Significant differences in presentation were demonstrated with respect to the victim's age, sex, and race, but the major factor influencing the variation is the victim/assailant relationship. Younger children were more likely than older children to present with histories of multiple assaults (p less than .0005), by known assailants (p less than .0005), occurring in the child's or assailant's home (p less than .001) and to report less violence (p less than .05). More risk of violence (p less than .0005) or evidence of trauma (p less than .0005) and less reporting of home assaults (p less than .0005) or multiple assault episodes (p less than .0005) were found in assaults by strangers when compared with non-stranger assaults. A lower frequency of reporting was found in females between 7 and 11 years of age. The dynamics of childhood sexual abuse are discussed in relationship to these findings. A number of victim and assailant related factors determine reporting patterns of childhood sexual abuse.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Sexual abuse of children. Sex-, race-, and age-dependent variations.

In a retrospective review of 416 alleged cases of sexual assault on victims under the age of 16 years, we analyzed the data with respect to race, sex, and age. There were 72 boys (17.3%) and 344 girls (82.7%), with ages ranging from 6 months to 16 years. The male victims were significantly younger than the female victims (respective median ages, 7 and 10 years), reported more violence, and had more evidence of trauma when initially seen. White and Hispanic girls were older than the black female victims (respective median ages, 12 and 8 years), whereas racial origin had no effect on the age distribution among male victims. Younger victims, regardless of sex or racial origin, were more likely than older children to be assaulted repetitively by someone known to them and at home and to experience less violence.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Breast pumps.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Breast Feeding↗

PubMed1980

Pediatric training in family medicine residency programs.

A survey was performed to obtain information regarding various aspects of pediatric training in family medicine residency programs. A questionnaire was sent to the program directors of all 236 family medicine residency programs which had graduated residents by July 1978. Eighty-two percent returned the questionnaire. The mean duration of child health care training in the three-year residency was 9.0 months. This included 3.4 pediatric equivalent months in the ambulatory family practice center and 5.6 months on pediatric rotations in several other areas. Forty-six percent of programs have one or more full-time, board certified pediatricians on the family medicine staff. Respondents believed that family physicians should be competent to provide total care for normal newborns (93 percent), general inpatient care (79 percent), and general ambulatory care (99 percent). Pediatric training in family medicine residency programs, which constitutes 25 percent of curriculum time, is accomplished by utilizing the family practice center as well as pediatric rotations. Significant variations exist among programs, however, and the quality of training needs to be evaluated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978