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Biomedical subjects

A R Kaplan

Publications and source records attributed to A R Kaplan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Brain-stem dysfunction in autism. Results of vestibular stimulation.

Responses to vestibular stimulation can, under well-controlled experimental conditions, provide a measure of brain-stem function. Autistic children had significantly longer time constants during the primary nystagmus response and significantly fewer beats during the secondary response than normal children when stimulated with constant angular acceleration in complete darkness. These findings could not be attributed to gross differences in arousal, to developmental retardation, to associated clinical conditions, or to either the influence of vision or habituation. Rather, they are suggestive of a neurophysiologic dysfunction, perhaps involving the brain stem, and may be an expression of the process that underlies those autistic behaviors that suggest faulty modulation of sensory input and motor output. Brain-stem centers modulate both general sensory input and motor excitation and may play a role in the elaboration of the more complex adaptive and motivated behaviors that are also disturbed in autism.

Arousal↗
PubMed1979

The maturation of vestibular nystagmus in infancy and childhood.

The displacements, durations, and velocities of the slow and fast components of both the primary and secondary nystagmus induced by constant angular acceleration were measured in 46 normal children 1 month to 11 years old. There were significant changes in nystagmus parameters in respect to maturation. The young infant had larger amplitude, higher velocity beats than the older child during both the primary and the secondary nystagmus. Parameters describing both the primary and the secondary nystagmus reached their peak values and terminated earlier in the infant than in the older child. Although the slow component velocity during secondary nystagmus was much slower than during the primary nystagmus at all ages, the secondary nystagmus/primary nystagmus ratio was significantly greater in early infancy. Thus, in infancy, as compared with later childhood, the vigor of the secondary nystagmus was disproportionately greater than the primary nystagmus. These results were discussed in relation to the maturation both of vestibular responsiveness and of vestibular adaptation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

HL-A in cancer family "N".

Actual HL-A typing has been performed on 115 members of cancer family N, a large kindred (over 1000 members ascertained) showing the findings consistent with the cancer family syndrome. In the cancer-prone line (branches C and D) of the family, 20 of 21 members with cancer had one HL-A haplotype, HL-A2-HL-A12 (relative odds = 6.30), including some decreased family members who had haplotypes assigned. Eleven of 12 family members with cancer in branches C and D, actually typed, had HL-A2-HL-A12 (relative odds = 6.06). The single exception showing cancer and another haplotype in branch D is a child of a family member with haplotype HL-A2-HL-A12.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Biochemical and genetic variables associated with mothers of G-trisomy affected children.

The significant differences in biochemical and chromosomal characteristics, and familial history observed between group of mothers who gave birth to children affected with G-trisomy (Down's syndrome) and their age-matched controls, indicate that these three maternal variables, in addition to the well known variable of maternal age, are associated with etiology of the aneuploidy. Since attempts to find statistical correlation between these chromosomal and biochemical variables failed, it is believed that these three are unrelated, but very possible etiological factors.

Antigens↗