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Biomedical subjects

A R Rodriguez

Publications and source records attributed to A R Rodriguez.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acute demyelinating disease in a chimpanzee three years after inoculation of brain cells from a patient with MS.

Brain cells from a patient with classic multiple sclerosis were inoculated intracerebrally into the frontal lobe of a newborn chimpanzee. The animal developed acute quadriplegia three years, two months later and was killed four days after the onset of symptoms. Central nervous system lesions were primarily localized in the spinal cord at root entry zones; these were characterized by demyelination and regeneration of myelin by Schwann cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Fetal infection of the baboon (Papio cynocephalus) with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

Recent observations of LCM-induced fetal damage in humans suggested attempts to develop an animal model for studies on viral congenital malformations. We report herein viral studies on three pregnant baboons (Papio cynocephalus) inoculated subcutaneously with LCM virus strain WE3. The first animal, inoculated in the 9th week of pregnancy, aborted 9 days after a high virus dose. Inoculation of the second baboon during a later stage (23rd week) of pregnancy with a moderate virus dose, resulted in the demonstration of virus in the placenta, amniotic fluid, and cord blood. The infant showed only a slight pleocytosis of the spinal fluid, but no virus shedding and no late sequelae. The third baboon inoculated with a high virus dose during the 21st week of pregnancy delivered an underweight, icteric infant that succumbed on the 6th day. All organs of this animal that were tested contained virus. Microscopic examination of these tissues revealed multifocal necrosis, cerebral glial nodules, meningitis, and bilateral choriovasculitis. These results illustrate that fetal damage observed in the LCM-inoculate baboon resembles that seen in humans following infection with LCM virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Rearing of conventional and gnotobiotic nonhuman primates (Pan troglodytes, Papio cynocephalus, Saguinus nigricollis).

Rearing techniques for conventional and gnotobiotic nonhuman primates are described. Up to four months of age there was no significant difference in weight gain between conventionally and gnotobiotically reared chimpanzees or baboons. After four months, gnotobiotic chimpanzees exceeded their conventional counterparts in weight gain, whereas conventional baboons showed higher weight gain than gnotobiotic baboons. Gnotobiotic chimpanzees and baboons had significantly lower absolute numbers of neutrophils than their conventional counterparts, but the absolute numbers of lymphocytes were not different. The gnotobiotic rearing of marmosets is also reported.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1977

Viral infections of the captive Kenya baboon (Papio cynocephalus): a five-year epidemiologic study of an outdoor colony.

Rectal swabs, throat swabs, fecal samples, tissues, and sera were collected from 334 adult and infant Kenya baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in captivity at this institution over a 5-year period. A total of 4,893 specimens were collected, resulting in the isolation of 582 viral isolates (11.9%). The month of November yielded the lowest isolation rate, while the month of January produced the highest rate. The most commonly isolated viruses in adults and infants were SV6 and SV23, followed by N125, SV15, and SV17 in that order in adults, and SA7, N125, SV15, V340, and SV17 in that order in infants. Nine serotypes, namely enteroviruses SV19, SV42, SA5, A13, and N203, as well as adenoviruses SV15, SV20, SV31, and SV37, were isolated only from adults. Two adenovirus serotypes, SA7 and V340, were recovered predominantly from infants.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1976

Osteosclerotic myeloma.

A 49-year-old man with an osteosclerotic lesion of a thoracic vertebra had peripheral neuropathy, lymphadenopathy, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal immunoglobulin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. These findings, not usually seen in ""classical'' myeloma, have been noted in different combinations in the osteosclerotic variety.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Clinical, virological, and pathological features of herpesvirus SA8 infection in conventional and gnotobiotic infant baboons (Papio cynocephalus).

The pathogenicity of a strain of simian herpesvirus SA8 in one month old conventional and gnotobiotic baboons was investigated. Intratracheal inoculation resulted in a mortality rate of 1/5 in the conventional and 1/4 in the gnotobiotic group. Disease became apparent after 3 days and was characterized by respiratory distress, reduced formula intake, weight loss and fever in both groups. Isolation of herpesvirus from the respiratory tract, lymphoid organs, kidneys, adrenals, and CNS was more frequent by explant culturing than by routine procedures. Although there was a significant difference in total white blood counts (WBC), with higher values in conventional vs. gnotobiotic infants, the absolute number of lymphocytes was not different. The lower number of WBCs apparently was due to fewer polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the gnotobiotic baboons. Infection resulted in a leukopenia 5 days post infection (p.i.) and a leukocytosis 10 days p.i. in both groups. The animals, which succumbed, had acute necrotizing fibrinous pneumonia. Intranuclear inclusion bodies typical for herpesviruses were present. All the surviving infant baboons had subacute interstitial pneumonia, when sacrificed 35 days p.i.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Marked cyclic leukocytosis-leukopenia in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

A spontaneous oscillation of the white blood cell count was observed in a 58 year old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Similar cyclic variations were noted in the platelet and reticulocyte counts with no apparent alterations in marrow cellularity to account for such changes. Since direct correlation was noted between white blood cells, platelets, and reticulocyte counts versus spleen size, it suggests that splenic hemopoiesis may be responsible for these cyclic changes. A possible inverse relationship between colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity and the white blood cell count was noted, suggesting that CSF may be the humoral agent controlling granulocyte production. A direct correlation between the white blood cell count and serum unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity (UBBC) and lysozyme was also noted and further supports the concept that the latter two are measures of the granulocyte pool and metabolism. An inverse relationship between CSF activity and the UBBC suggests that these may be two different entities. Finally a modified form of standard chemotherapy may be effective in inducing remission in cases of CML with marked cyclic leukocytosis-leukopenia.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Poxvirus infection of the baboon (Papio cynocephalus).

Ten serial passages of monkeypox (MPV), vaccinia, variola, and chimpanzeepox (chimp-9) viruses were performed in baboons (Papio cynocephalus) via skin scarification. Comparisons of clinical and virological results indicate that MPV and vaccinia are very closely related and that variola and chimp-9 viruses are identical. These findings suggest that infections of simians with chimp-9 virus resulted from contact with variola virus, the source of which is still unknown. On the other hand, MPV in monkeys may have resulted from contact with recently vaccinated humans, serial passage through simian hosts resulting in the biological alterations that produced MPV.

Animals↗
PubMed1968

Production of reference enteroviruses.

Forty-five human enterovirus reagents of certified purity and quality were prepared for use as seed viruses and as immunizing antigens. One of the reagents was ampouled as "untreated" seed virus, whereas 14 were ampouled as "MgCl(2)-stabilized" reagents. The remaining 30 reagents were ampouled as "untreated" seed viruses and as "MgCl(2)-stabilized" reagents. Thirty of the reagents were propagated on primary African green monkey kidney cells, 3 on primary baboon kidney cells, 3 on primary rhesus monkey kidney cells, and the remaining 9 on human amnion cells. Forty-two of the viral antigens were concentrated for use in the production of high-titered specific antisera in large animals.

Biological Products↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection and disease induced in chimpanzees with 6/94, a parainfluenza type 1 virus isolated from human multiple sclerosis brain.

A parainfluenza type 1 virus (6/94) recovered from brain cell cultures of two patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was inoculated into newborn chimpanzees by the intranasal (IN) or intracerebral (IC) routes. Four of the five animals receiving the virus IN developed clinical signs ranging from mild fever, with or without rhinorrhea, to severe respiratory disease. Two of the chimpanzees died as a result of pneumonia. Virus could be recovered from respiratory tracts for as long as 9 days after exposure and was followed by development of specific neutralizing antibody to the 6/94 virus but not to the HA2 strain of parainfluenza type 1. Brain examination showed astrocytosis, especially of posterior fossa structures, activation of microgliacytes and, in one animal, round cell infiltration of leptomeninges. Of thse three animals receiving virus IC, two developed recurrent seizures beginning 14 months after inoculation. One of these was sacrificed at 23 months of age after progressive neurologic disease, with electroencephalographic abnormalities, developed. The third animal died at 3 months of age of intercurrent pneumonia. No virus was recovered from these animals, although all showed antibody conversion to 6/94 but not HA2 virus. A variety of pathologic lesions were seen in the brains of both animals coming to necropsy particularly in the sacrificed chimpanzee. These included subacute encephalitis, extensive cortical and subcortical degeneration, vascular sclerosis, white matter gliosis and axonal dystrophy.

Animals↗