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Biomedical subjects

A R Sulaiman

Publications and source records attributed to A R Sulaiman.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Residual nonunion following vascularised fibular graft treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a report of two cases.

Resection and reconstruction using a vascularised fibular graft is a viable alternative treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, although distal junctional nonunion and residual deformity are known complications that are difficult to treat. We illustrate 2 cases in which bony union was achieved following a technique using fibular grafting and intramedullary nailing, without additional bone grafting. This technique was feasible because of hypertrophy of the fibular graft.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed2006

Femoral overgrowth following plate fixation of the fractured femur in children.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to determine the overgrowth phenomenon of the affected femur following plate fixation of femoral fractures in children. METHODS: 15 patients (aged between eight and 14 years old), who underwent open reduction and plate fixation for fractures of the femur, were assessed at two years postoperation for limb length discrepancy. Measurements were made using a computed tomography (CT) scanogram. Its association with age, limb dominancy and site of fracture were analysed. RESULTS: There were 12 boys and three girls. All children had femoral overgrowth of the injured femur, ranging from 0.1 cm to 2.0 cm with a mean of 1.15 cm. There was a significant correlation between age and bone overgrowth. Limb dominancy and site of fracture had no significant influence on femoral overgrowth. CONCLUSION: The amount of femoral overgrowth following fracture stabilisation with plate in children was minimal. It could still occur even without fracture overlapping during the healing process. The overgrowth was less in older subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Sliding compression screw fixation for delayed union/non-union of femoral neck fracture: is it a viable option.

Femoral neck fracture non-unions often present with significant difficult treatment decision as regards to surgical options and the risk of complication. We present three cases of femoral neck non-union treated with double screw stabilization technique using sliding compression hip screw and anti-rotational screw. The rationale for opting to these simple implants in our setting is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Fillet flap: a successful procedure to preserve the optimum length of below-the knee-amputation stump in congenital constriction band of the leg.

The use of 'spare part' tissue from an amputated segment to cover a stump with soft tissue deficiency is a viable option for augmenting the shape of the stump and preserving functional length of the stump without additional donor morbidity. The procedure requires no microsurgical skill if the tissues are used as pedicle fillet flaps transfer. This concept of fillet flap makes the amputation distal to an unfavourable definitive amputation site such as in congenital constriction band possible. We report herein a case of amputation distal to constriction ring to illustrate the application of fillet flap in reconstruction surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical heterogeneity and treatment response in inclusion body myositis.

Inclusion body myositis has been described as an inflammatory myopathy with distinctive clinical and pathologic features that is refractory to treatment. Ten cases of inclusion body myositis, as defined by histopathologic findings, were reviewed to determine whether the clinical characteristics are different in patients whose disease has been defined by light and electron microscopic studies compared with those whose disease has been defined by light microscopic studies alone. The clinical characteristics of both groups of patients were similar, and 2 patients have had excellent responses to treatment. Although inclusion body myositis represents a histologic subset of polymyositis, from a clinical perspective, it must be considered a nonspecific designation. Despite a generally poor prognosis, therapeutic intervention is still warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Vascularized muscle fibers: etiopathogenesis and clinical significance.

Contrary to common assumption, internal vascularization of muscle fiber occurs independent of muscle fiber splitting. Review of 1091 cases who underwent muscle biopsies demonstrated muscle fibers with internal blood vessels in a wide variety of chronic neuromuscular disease states, predominantly in patients with chronic neurogenic diseases. Many of these cases show evidence of internal disorganization or focal degeneration of muscle fibers, in particular, formation of targets, targetoids or similar structural alterations. Internal vascularization of muscle fiber probably occurs as a "healing" or "reparative process" in such fibers. Myopathic features, especially secondary myopathic changes (as seen in chronic denervation-reinnervation) are common and appear to be a necessary accompaniment of this phenomena. The vascularized muscle fiber is more likely to be seen in a distal lower extremity muscle than in a proximal limb muscle biopsy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Systematic distribution of muscle fiber types in the medial gastrocnemius of the laboratory mouse: a morphometric analysis.

Midbelly cross sections of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of young adult male laboratory mice were subjected to ATPase histochemistry with preincubation at pH 4.6. Through the use of a sampling grid and computer-assisted morphometric analysis, 26 to 35% of the total muscle fibers were sampled and classified as type I, IIa, or IIb. Photomicrographs (16 X 20 in.) of five muscles were divided into octants according to a standardized procedure. Total fiber counts and percent of fibers sampled were determined. Variability of sample size per octant was noted, but when averaged across entire muscles, it was in all instances greater than 33%. Fiber type frequency per octant was tested for goodness of fit to a random model by means of a chi-square statistic for equal expected frequencies. Deviation from random fiber type frequency was significant at the P = 0.001 level for every muscle. More importantly, when these data were pooled and again tested using the same method, the probability estimate was less than P = 0.001. This established that the variations in the fiber type proportions found in each mouse followed a common pattern. The systematic fiber type distribution confirmed by these morphometric and statistical methods supports the impression expressed by many muscle biologists that this muscle displays a consistent and complex intramuscular organization.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency and forearm ischemic exercise testing.

Myoadenylate deaminase (MADA) deficiency has been associated with symptoms of postexertional aches, cramps, weakness, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Measurement of plasma lactate and ammonia concentrations after forearm ischemic exercise has been suggested as a screening test for this disorder. We performed forearm ischemic tests on 3 patients with histochemically defined MADA deficiency and 13 healthy control subjects, in a standardized fashion. Our results demonstrated that subject effort and/or performance during the exercise portion of testing is a critical variable. In addition to lactate and ammonia, plasma purine compounds (adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine) were measured. The finding of decreased purine release after exercise in MADA-deficient patients compared with that in normal individuals increases the specificity of the test and supports the hypothesis that disordered purine metabolism occurs in MADA deficiency.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1983

Congenital fibre type disproportion with unusual clinico-pathologic manifestations.

Two cases with congenital fibre type disproportion are presented. The cases are unusual in that there were significant dysmorphic features in case 1, and both cases showed electromyographic abnormalities suggestive of denervation. A third case, the father of the second patient, showed clinical features of congenital fibre type disproportion in early life but later developed the rigid spine syndrome. The spinal cord of case 3 showed atrophy and degeneration of medial neuronal group in the lumbosacral segments. The clinical and pathological features in these cases further extend the view that congenital fibre type disproportion may be seen in a variety of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Electromyographic and histologic paraspinal abnormalities in polymyositis/dermatomyositis.

A 2-year study was undertaken which identified 60 patients who had an abnormal electromyogram (EMG), muscle biopsy, and/or clinical examination suggestive of myopathy. The clinical records were reviewed, and 12 patients were found to fulfill the criteria of Bohan and Peter for definite diagnosis of polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Electromyography was performed on distal and proximal muscles including the paraspinals on 1 side of the body. Biopsies were taken contralaterally from muscles determined to be abnormal from electrodiagnostic tests. The most significant finding was the degree of involvement of the paraspinal musculature. These muscles showed 1 to 4 plus spontaneous potentials in all 12 patients. Volitional recruitment was early and complete. Mean action potential duration and amplitude decreased, and polyphasia increased. Comparing the degree of electrodiagnostic abnormalities in different muscle groups revealed sole involvement of paraspinals in 1 patient and predominant involvement in 8. Confirmative biopsies were taken from paraspinal muscles of 3 patients. In 1 patient, the biopsy of the paraspinal muscle was positive for myositis while the biceps brachii muscle biopsy proved to be equivocal. Our study emphasizes the EMG and histologic significance of the paraspinal musculature in the diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scapuloperoneal syndrome. Report on two families with neurogenic muscular atrophy.

Scapuloperoneal syndrome is a more or less clinically distinct neurologic entity with predominant involvement of scapular and peroneal muscles. The disease shows a variable mode of inheritance. Electromyography and muscle biopsy has shown the presence of denervation and dystrophic changes, sometimes both in the same patient. Cardiac manifestations when present add a graver prognosis to an otherwise relatively benign disease. Study of two cases in this report, one with significant sensory changes and another with cardiopathy, showed degeneration of peripheral nerve and mixed features in muscle biopsy. It is postulated that the myopathic or dystrophic features in the muscle of these cases and other patients with scapuloperoneal syndrome is likely to be secondary to slow denervation and reinnervation.

Adolescent↗