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Biomedical subjects

A Radetzky

Publications and source records attributed to A Radetzky.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Simulating tumour removal in neurosurgery.

In this article the software system ROBO-SIM is described. ROBO-SIM is a planning and simulation tool for minimally invasive neurosurgery. Different to the most other simulation tools, ROBO-SIM is able to use actual patient's datasets for simulation. Same as in real neurosurgery a planning step, which provides more functionality as up-to-date planning systems on the market, is performed before undergoing the simulated operation. The planning steps include the definition of the trepanation point for entry into the skull and the target point within the depth of the brain, checking the surgical track and doing virtual trepanations (virtual craniotomy). For use with an intra-operative active manipulator, which is guided by the surgeon during real surgery (robotic surgery), go- and non-go-areas can be defined. During operation, the robot restricts the surgeon from leaving these go-areas. After planning, an additional simulation system, which is understood as an extension to the planning step, is used to simulate whole surgical interventions directly on the patient's anatomy basing on the planning data and by using the same instruments as for the real intervention. First tests with ROBO-SIM are performed on a phantom developed for this purpose and on actual patient's datasets with ventricular tumours.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Improvement of surgical simulation using dynamic volume rendering.

In the last years high efforts have been taken to develop surgical simulators for computer assisted training. However, most of these simulators use simple models of the human's anatomy, which are manually created using modeling software. Nevertheless, medical experts need to perform the training directly with the patient's complex anatomy, which can be received, for example, from digital imaging datasets (CT, MR). A common technique to display these datasets is volume rendering. However, even with high-end hardware only static models can be handled interactively. In surgical simulators a dynamic component is also needed because tissues must be deformed and partially removed. With the combination of springmass models, which are improved by neuro-fuzzy systems, and the recently developed OpenGL Volumizer, surgical simulation using real-time deformable (or dynamic) volume rendering became possible. As an application example the simulator ROBOSIM for minimally invasive neurosurgery is presented.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2000

ROBO-SIM: a simulator for minimally invasive neurosurgery using an active manipulator.

This application report describes the software system ROBO-SIM, which is a planning and simulation tool for minimally invasive neurosurgery. Using actual patient's datasets, ROBO-SIM includes all planning steps necessary. These are; defining the trepanation point for entry into the skull and the target point within the depth of the brain, checking the surgical track, performing virtual trepanations (virtual craniotomy), and defining sanctioned volumes for use with an intra-operative active manipulator. With the additional simulation part, neurosurgeons are able to simulate whole surgical interventions directly on the patient's anatomy using the same instruments as for the real operation. First tests with ROBO-SIM are performed on actual patient's datasets with ventricular tumours.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elastodynamic shape modeler: a tool for defining the deformation behavior of virtual tissues.

A main goal of surgical simulators is the creation of virtual training environments for prospective surgeons. Thus, students can rehearse the various steps of surgical procedures on a computer system without any risk to the patient. One main condition for realistic training is the simulated interaction with virtual medical devices, such as endoscopic instruments. In particular, the virtual deformation and transection of tissues are important. For this application, a neuro-fuzzy model has been developed, which allows the description of the visual and haptic deformation behavior of the simulated tissue by means of expert knowledge in the form of medical terms. Pathologic conditions affecting the visual and haptic tissue response can be easily changed by a medical specialist without mathematical knowledge. By using the personal computer-based program Elastodynamic Shape Modeler, these conditions can be adjusted via a graphical user interface. With a force feedback device, which is similar to a real laparoscopic instrument, virtual deformations can be performed and the resulting haptic feedback can be felt. Thus, use of neuro-fuzzy technologies for the definition and calculation of virtual deformations seems applicable to the simulation of surgical interventions in virtual environments.

Computer Graphics↗