PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Rai

Publications and source records attributed to A Rai.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Detection of swine pox and buffalo pox viruses in cell culture using a protein A-horseradish peroxidase conjugate.

Buffalo pox virus antigen was detected in Vero cells and swine pox virus antigen in the cytoplasm and nucleus of PK-15 and IB-RS-2 cells as early as 6 hr post infection (p.i.) by indirect immunoperoxidase technique using a Protein A-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate. The viral antigens localized in the cytoplasm of infected cells were the most prominent after 24 hr p.i.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immune response induced by Vero cell culture adapted buffalo pox virus in rabbits and buffaloes.

The Vero cell culture adapted buffalo pox virus was found to be completely attenuated at 40th passage for rabbits as well as buffaloes since it did not produce any thermal reaction or skin lesions. It induced high level of humoral and cell mediated immune response in rabbits as well as buffaloes. The antibody titres obtained were 80-160 for SN antibody, 32 for complement fixing and 640-1280 for enzyme immunoassay antibodies. The percent migration inhibition (MI) of leukocytes was 65.3% in rabbits and 69.50% in buffaloes, MI of macrophages was 62.15% in rabbits and 63.02% in buffaloes with a high skin reactive factor value. In protection tests conducted in rabbits and buffaloes, all the vaccinated animals were immune as compared to controls which showed severe disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Responses to facial emotion and psychopathology.

Schizophrenics, anxious-neurotics, and nonpatient controls were asked to recognize facial affect in photographs depicting six emotions and a neutral expression. The time elapsed between presentation of the photograph and response to it was also noted. Schizophrenics were significantly less accurate at judging the expressed affect and had the largest mean response time compared to others. Preference to interact with the type of affect expressions was also analyzed. Happy and neutral expressions were chosen, while fearful and angry expressions were rejected by neurotic and control subjects. Schizophrenics were largely inconsistent in their choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative total parenteral nutrition in patients with liver disorders.

Sixty-one patients with liver disorders receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for about 14 postoperative days were divided into three groups based on the parenteral nutritional regimen. The influence of these TPN solutions on the liver function tests and the nutritional assessments, and the availability of the specially formulated amino acid solution were studied. Glucose alone as energy source was infused in Group Ia. The mixture of glucose and fructose was infused in Group Ib. In these patients (Group I), a commercially available amino acid solution was administered simultaneously. A specially formulated amino acid, rich in branched-chain amino acids but poor in aromatic amino acids was infused with the mixture of glucose and fructose in Group II. There was no remarkable elevation of blood glucose and lactate levels in all patients. Blood glucose levels in Group Ib were maintained lower than that in Group Ia. Except for serum alkaline phosphatase, no remarkable abnormality was observed in liver function tests. Body weight changes were less than 5% in each group. Average nitrogen balances were -44.5 mg/kg/day in Group Ia, -5.5 mg/kg/day in Group Ib, -51.5 mg/kg/day in Group II. While the abnormalities in serum amino acid pattern and molar ratio of leucine, isoleucine, and valine to phenylalanine and tyrosine tend to be more enhanced in Group I, these abnormalities returned to near normal in Group II during TPN. By multiple linear regression analyses, 45 kcal/kg/day of energy intake would be required to maintain nitrogen equilibrium and zero body weight change. And when nitrogen intakes were 159 mg/kg/day in Group Ia, 114 mg/kg/day in Group Ib, and 189 mg/kg/day in Group II at 45 kcal/kg/day in energy intake, nitrogen balances were expected to be equivalent. These results suggest that postoperative TPN is good for nutritional support in patients with liver disorders. And also, the combination of glucose and fructose has better effect on nitrogen balance. The postoperative TPN with a specially formulated amino acid solution may be a valuable way of maintaining the nutritional status as well as normal serum amino acid pattern in patients with liver disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An enzyme linked immunoassay for estimation of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus strains.

The sensitivity of enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) was compared to that of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test in detection of humoral antibodies in birds vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The highest antibody titre at day 21 post-vaccination as detected by ELISA in the sera of vaccinated birds was 2560 by all strains in contrast to the HI titres of 640 to 1280. The antibody titre was higher in all pre- and post-vaccination sera as determined by ELISA than detected by HI test.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ocular pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus in rabbits and monkeys.

Studies on the ocular pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in rabbits and monkeys revealed that conjunctivitis can only be produced by the virus when conjunctival epithelium is traumatized; multiple instillations of large doses of virus over the intact conjunctiva failed to do so. The presence of serum HI antibodies showed no correlation with the clinical form of the disease in rabbits. However, in monkeys, the disease showed a uniform pattern of immune response irrespective of the strain of the virus. Monkeys may be useful for further studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of four serological methods for detecting antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis.

The ability of four serological methods (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, single radial haemolysis, micro-immunofluorescence and complement fixation) to detect chlamydial antibodies was compared. Antigen was prepared from Chlamydia trachomatis serotype E. Sixty-two sera known to be positive and 12 negative reference sera were screened. The four tests yielded 71.6% (53/74) concordant results (Chi-square = 14.57, p less than 0.01). Samples giving discordant results had only low levels of antibodies. Analysis of results showed a strong correlation between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence (r = 0.98), and complement fixation and single radial haemolysis (r = 0.75). Antibodies were detected in 97% of the 62 positive sera by immunofluorescence and in 91% by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas the results for complement fixation and single radial haemolysis were only 69.3% and 70.9% respectively. Extrapolation of the regression curve to the abscissae indicated a marginal superiority of immunofluorescence over enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, although the reading of the results of the former test was more cumbersome. Good linearity was obtained between haemolytic zone diameter and reciprocal serum dilution in single radial haemolysis. Immunofluorescence was found to be the most sensitive and complement fixation the least sensitive of the four tests.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1983

Comparative evaluation of the enzyme immunoassay and the immunofluorescence test for the detection of chlamydial group antibodies in human sera.

The usefulness of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in detecting chlamydial group antibodies in human sera was evaluated by comparing the results with a standard micro-immunofluorescence test (micro-IF). Of the 176 samples tested, 94.9% sera gave concordant results, 23.9% being positive and 71% negative by both the tests. ELISA detected specific antibodies in 33.3% and 13.5% sera from poultry associated and unassociated individuals respectively while corresponding figures by IF test were 36.3% and 16.2% (p less than 0.01). The IF and ELISA titres of five immune serum samples from monkeys when compared with conventional complement fixation (CF) test were found to be consistently higher. Though the two tests were found to be parallel in sensitivity and specificity (r = 0.94), IF had a marginal superiority over ELISA, while the latter could be performed more easily and read objectively.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and haemagglutination inhibition test for the detection of Newcastle disease virus antibodies in human sera.

A comparison of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques for the detection of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus in sera from persons working in poultry farms and veterinary vaccine institutes and from the general population revealed that 22% more sera were positive by ELISA compared to HI. No samples were negative by ELISA but positive by HI. While HI titres of positive sera were found in the range 8-64, ELISA titres were between 16 and 512. It was interesting that though 78% sera had concordant results by the two tests, titres obtained by ELISA were nearly six times higher than those by HI.

Animals↗