[Reflections on infection in the newborn].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Ampicillin↗
Biomedical subjects
A Ramos Aparicio
Publications and source records attributed to A Ramos Aparicio.
[Prospective evaluation of percutaneous central venous catheters in newborn infants. Castrillo Hospital Group].
AIM: To evaluate the current use of percutaneous central venous silastic catheters in newborn infants in Spain by analysing technical characteristics and infections, as well as mechanical and local complications. METHODS: Percutaneous central venous catheters inserted in newborns in the neonatal units of the hospitals in the OCastrillo Hospital GroupO from July 15, 1998 to December 31, 1998 were collected for prospective analysis. Each hospital was able to chose the length of the period of catheter data collection on condition that all inserted catheters were studied during the period. RESULTS: A total of 939 percutaneous venous catheters, inserted in 787 newborn infants, and representing a total of 8073 catheter-days, were analysed. Of these, 823 (88%) were inserted in upper extremity veins, 82 (8.7%) in lower extremity veins, and 31 (3.3%) in scalp veins. Catheterizations were performed in newborn infants with a wide range of weights and gestational ages, in most cases during the first week of life and with an average indwelling time of 7 days (55 days maximum). Silicone elastomer catheters were mainly used (96.8%), because of the ease of their placement (58.7% at the first attempt). Most were electively removed (61.5%). A total of 872 (92.8%) catheter tips were sent for microbiological examination and 219 (25.1%) yielded positives cultures (catheter colonization). Of these, 178 had catheter contamination and in 41 catheter-related sepsis (CRS) was confirmed. The incidence of catheter contamination was 20.4% (178/872) and was 4.7% for CRS (41/872). The density of incidence was 23 and 5.3 for each 1000 catheter-days respectively. The most common organisms isolated were Gram-positive, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis organisms (71.1% and 50% for contamination and CRS respectively). Local or mechanical complications were documented in 205 catheters, phlebitis being the most common (9.5%), especially after inserting catheters through low extremity veins; occlusion, extravasation of fluid and catheter breakage were rare complications. CONCLUSIONS: The placement of percutaneous venous catheters is common in Spanish neonatal units. This is an easy, safe and effective technique for prolonged intravenous therapy. The main problem is infection, particularly CRS caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Catheterization, Central Venous↗
[Cystic neuroblastoma. Study of bcl-2].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
[Urinary concentration capacity in neonatal hydronephrosis].
In order to determine the renal concentration capacity in neonatal hydronephrosis, 10 micrograms of DDAVP were administered intranasally to 18 infants with hydronephrosis. Fluid intake was restricted to 50% of normal for 3 hours before and 6 hours after the administration of DDAVP. Maximal urine osmolality (mean +/- SD) was 348 +/- 180 mOsm/kg in 7 newborns younger than 21 days and 420 +/- mOsm/kg in 11 neonates between 22-50 days of age. Both osmolarities were inferior to the standard response to DDAVP reported in normal neonates. After 24 hours of clinical observation, we did not notice any secondary effects caused by this test.
Deamino Arginine Vasopressin↗
[Esophageal atresia and associated anomalies].
Twenty-seven newborns with esophageal atresia were reviewed for the presence of other congenital associated anomalies. The incidence of esophageal atresia was 2.6 cases for every 10,000 live births. Associated anomalies were present in 59.25% of these cases. Cardiac malformations were the most frequent associated defect (40.7%). Ten infants met the criteria for VACTERL association. The birth weights and gestational ages were similar for both the surviving and deceased infants. Broncho-aspiration was the only significant factor associated with mortality: 75% of the infants who had broncho-aspiration died, versus only 26.3% if aspiration was not present. When associated anomalies were present, mortality was 56.25%, whereas only 18.18% of the infants without these anomalies died (p = 0.055). We conclude that only broncho-aspiration and associated anomalies relate to mortality in esophageal atresia, whereas the birth weight, the other Waterston's prognosis factor, is not important.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
[Neonatal osteomyelitis. Study of a series of 35 cases].
After a brief literature review, we analyze the results obtained with a retrospective study of 35 neonatal osteomyelitis diagnosed between 1-January-75 and 31-December-87. The valuated frequency was of 0.40% alive newborns. Between the antecedents, we find previous neonatal sepsis in 68% of the cases. The clinical general findings were less apparent, emphasizing among the local symptoms the pain to passive mobilization and swelling. From acute phase reactants, this study rebounds the high sensitivity of C reactive protein and globular sedimentation rate. The most frequently germ isolated was S. aureus followed by K. pneumoniae. The osteomyelitic injure was unifocal in 71% of the cases and the femur was the most probable bone to be affected. At the initial treatment we associated a beta-lactamic antibiotic with an aminoglycoside one in all cases, with surgical removal in 94%. The mortality was null, but grave arthritic sequels appeared in 14% of the patients. Finally, we propose the employance of seriated quantification of C-reactive protein in the follow-up and control of therapeutic efficiency.
Arthritis, Infectious↗
[Relation between the transcutaneous and arterial oxygen tensions in the newborn infant].
Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen (Ptc O2) was measured at 43 degrees C in 48 newborns, these data were compared to simultaneously measured arterial oxygen tension. For 94 pair of measurements, there was a correlation coefficient of 83 (p less than 0.001) and a Ptc O2 index 0.918 +/- 0.210. In patients with edema, shock or defective membrane, correlation coefficient was 0,65 (p less than 0.001) and the Ptc O2 index was 0.433 +/- 0.163. Authors conclude that transcutaneous measure of oxygen at 43 degrees C is a reliable technique to monitor arterial oxygen tension in neonates.
Humans↗