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A Reunanen

Publications and source records attributed to A Reunanen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Type A behaviour pattern in Finland.

The prevalence of coronary prone behaviour, type A, was investigated in a population sample of 1,958 men and 2,224 women aged 30-64 years representative for all people of that age actively employed in Finland. Type A behaviour was assessed by the Jenkins Activity Survey. The mean values of the standardized AB scale were -5.6 in men and -5.8 in women. Type A behaviour was strongly associated with the level of education, occupational group and the socio-economic status achieved. However, it was not related to the conventional cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of coronary heart disease was statistically significantly associated with type A behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Practice and control of digitalis therapy in Finland.

In order to assess the adequacy of digitalis therapy in Finland we studied its practice and control in 747 patients who were receiving it regularly. The patients were derived from a sample (n = 8000) representative of the adult Finnish population. More than 90% of the patients were receiving digoxin, mostly 125 micrograms or 250 micrograms, once daily. Few patients were taking digitalis as the sole drug prescribed. The mean number of prescribed drugs for each patient (including digitalis) was 4.2 for men and 4.6 for women. 85% of the patients generally visited their "own" doctor. About 90% of the patients had seen a doctor at least once during the previous 12 months. In spite of this, the control of the therapy was generally considered poor, since almost half the patients were uncertain when the next visit to the doctor would be. Inadequately low serum digitalis concentrations, suggesting inadequate or questionable use of the drug, were observed in 30% of the patients. In 15% of the patients the therapy was considered especially questionable. Probably due to variable prescribing habits in general practice, the proportions of patients on poorly controlled, inadequate or questionable digitalis therapy varied remarkably between regions within the country. The results suggest that digitalis therapy in Finland is often inappropriate. We conclude that the practice and control of digitalis therapy need careful reappraisal in this country.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Overprescription and underprescription of digitalis.

As part of a health examination of a representative sample (n = 8,000) of the adult Finnish population, cardiac state was assessed in the 747 digitalis users and the 6,329 non-users who participated in the survey. Ninety per cent of the digitalis users were in sinus rhythm and 50% were in sinus rhythm and had a normal roentgenographic heart volume. About 20% of those in sinus rhythm had a normal heart volume and a "subtherapeutic" serum digitalis concentration. The age-adjusted prevalence of digitalis therapy in the presence of sinus rhythm was 8% in men and 10% in women. The total number of these patients in Finland was estimated at 246,000 (95% confidence limits 225,000-267,000). Half of the men and two thirds of the women on digitalis received concomitant diuretic therapy. Atrial fibrillation and/or markedly enlarged heart were observed in 1.5% of the men and 0.9% of the women not receiving digitalis. Their total number in the Finnish population was estimated at 23,000 (+/- 7,000). The results suggest that questionable digitalis therapy is very common since several authors have reported successful withdrawal of maintenance digitalis therapy in at least half of the patients in sinus rhythm. On the other hand, underprescription of digitalis seems to be uncommon.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Four-year incidence of myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death in twelve Finnish population cohorts.

The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and sudden coronary death in four years was studied in 6510 men and 5800 women, aged 30-59 years, derived from 12 Finnish population cohorts constituting the invited population to a prospective study. The incidence of all fatal coronary events in four years was 13.0/1 000 in men and 1.8/1 000 in women. The incidence of sudden coronary death was 7.8/1 000 in men and 0.7/1 000 in women. The incidence of non-fatal MI was 22.2/1 000 in men and 7.3/1 000 in women. Coronary mortality was significantly higher in non-participants in the initial survey than in participants. The incidence of MI was highest in men from eastern Finland (North Karelia), intermediate in men from central and western Finland and lowest in men from southwestern Finland. There were no significant regional differences in the incidence of MI in women. The incidence of MI in this study was in good agreement with that recorded in the myocardial community registers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Incidence of different manifestations of coronary heart disease in middle-aged Finnish men and women.

The incidence of myocardial infarction and symptoms of coronary heart disease (CHD) were investigated in a prospective Finnish population study. Drawn from four geographical areas in Finland the study population comprised 5 438 men and 4 924 women aged 30-59 at entry. The results are based on a re-examination of the study population after a mean follow-up time of six years. The average annual incidence of coronary death was 3.8/1 000, and that of non-fatal infarction 6.5/1 000 in men and 0.4/1 000 and 2.1/1 000 in women. Ten per cent of all infarctions were silent, revealed only by ECG changes. Cases of new angina pectoris comprised 40% of all the new events in men but 80% in women. This descriptive report serves as the basis for subsequent analyses comprising risk factors for different CHD manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Validity of hospital discharge data in a prospective epidemiological study on stroke and myocardial infarction.

The validity and coverage of hospital records of stroke and myocardial infarction were evaluated in a Finnish epidemiological cohort consisting of 57000 men and women. Information on their hospitalizations after the baseline examination was obtained by record linkage to the National Hospital Discharge Register. As compared to data based on re-examination of survivors after five years, the discharge register covered 78.2% of hospital treatments. A specific diagnosis code had been recorded for 81.7% of the definite strokes and for 84.7% of the definite myocardial infarctions. The 5-year incidence rates based on both hospital records and deaths were clearly lower than the rates previously reported from local registers of stroke and myocardial infarction in Finland. Although hospital discharge information underestimates morbidity in the population, the data are sufficiently valid for many epidemiological purposes, e.g. research on predictors of diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Hypertension and mortality in diabetic and non-diabetic Finnish men.

Association of hypertension with six-year total and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality was studied among 139 diabetic and 8725 non-diabetic Finnish men aged 40-64 years who were initially CVD-free. Twenty-three diabetic men and 608 non-diabetic men died during the follow-up. A hypertensive group (systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 and diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mmHg or drug treatment) and a normotensive group were formed on the basis of initial data. In comparison to normotensive non-diabetics the age-adjusted relative risk of death was 1.93 in hypertensive non-diabetics and 2.99 in hypertensive diabetics. Corresponding relative risks for CVD death were 2.62 and 4.69. A comparison of hypertensive non-diabetics to normotensive non-diabetics and hypertensive diabetics to normotensive diabetics suggested that hypertension has at least the same strength as a risk factor for CVD death in diabetics as in non-diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The Social Insurance Institution's coronary heart disease study. Baseline data and 5-year mortality experience.

The Social Insurance Institution's Coronary Heart Disease Study is a prospective population study designed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged Finnish men and women. The study population consisted of 5 738 men and 5 224 women, aged 30-59 years at entry, drawn from 12 cohorts from south-western, western, central and eastern Finland. The cohorts consisted of whole or random samples of rural or semiurban dwellers or employees of a factory. The participation rate was 90 per cent. The prevalence of symptoms was determined by the Rose questionnaire and abnormalities on resting ECG were coded according to the Minnesota code. Blood pressure, smoking habits, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, postload plasma glucose and obesity were the risk factors analysed at the baseline examination. The mortality of examinees has been followed continuously. This report deals with the main findings at the baseline examination and the mortality follow-up experience in 5 years. The prevalence of typical angina pectoris was 4.4 per cent in men and 5.4 per cent in women. Unequivocal ECG signs of past myocardial infarction were observed in 1.0 per cent of men and 0.3 per cent of women. Other ECG findings suggesting CHD were observed in 9.2 per cent of men and 11.1 per cent of women. The 5-year mortality was 4.3 per cent in men and 0.9 per cent in women. Men with typical chest pain symptoms had a seven-fold risk to die from CHD, compared to men without symptoms. Men with ECG abnormalities compatible with an old infarction had a 19.5-fold and men with other ECG findings suggesting CHD a 7.1-fold risk to die from CHD compared to men without resting ECG abnormalities. Men with ECG findings as the only indicator of CHD had worse survival than men with symptoms as the only indicator of CHD. The value of symptoms and ECG findings as predictors of CHD mortality in women was very low.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Mortality in type 2 diabetes.

Mortality in 504 type 2 diabetics aged 40 years and over was investigated in a large Finnish prospective population study. Over an average follow-up time of nine years, 241 of these diabetics died. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for 70% of the causes of death. The age-adjusted mortality risk in type 2 diabetics was two to three times that in non-diabetics. Adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors did not appear to alter the excess mortality risk in type 2 diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Type A in the mini-Finland health survey.

The prevalence of coronary-prone behaviour, Type A, was investigated in a representative sample of all Finnish adults comprising 1941 men and 2168 women aged 30-64 years. The behaviour pattern was assessed by the Jenkins Activity Survey. The mean of the Type A scores was --5.7 for men and --5.8 for women. Among men, 28.3%, and among women 26.8% had scores greater than or equal to 0. Type A was positively associated with the level of education. The prevalence of Type A in Finnish men and women seems to be lower than that found in most other surveys.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence of intermittent claudication and its effect on mortality.

The prevalence of symptoms of intermittent claudication and their association with 5-year mortality were examined in a population study in Finland. A number of 5738 men and 5224 women, aged 30-59 years, from 4 geographic areas of the country were studied. According to a structured interview, 2.1% of the men and 1.8% of the women reported typical symptoms of intermittent claudication. Claudication was most prevalent in East Finland and among persons with agricultural occupations. The symptoms were more frequent in diabetics and persons with symptoms and signs of coronary heart disease (CHD) than in persons without these diseases. High serum cholesterol and smoking were associated with these symptoms but high blood pressure was not. The risk of death from cardiovascular causes was nearly 3-fold in men with claudication compared to men without claudication. Symptoms of chest pain and smoking increased significantly the mortality risk of male claudicants. The validity of symptoms was poorer in women than in men and they were also less reliable predictors of death in women. A small part of the effect of claudication on mortality was due to its association with conventional CHD risk factors. However, after adjusting for symptoms and signs of CHD, claudication had no independent effect on mortality in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality.

The value of hyperuricemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality was investigated in 3195 men and 3160 women aged 40-69 years in Finland. Hyperuricemia was associated with obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and history of heart disease. The total mortality of hyperuricemic men and women in 5 years was significantly higher than the mortality of normouricemics. Cardiovascular mortality was not higher in hyperuricemics than in normouricemics. However, in hyperuricemic women without known heart disease cardiovascular mortality was significantly increased in the follow-up period between 5 and 12 years. Total and cardiovascular mortality rates were significantly higher in hyperuricemic men with known heart disease than in corresponding normouricemic men. A rise of serum uric acid may be secondary to more advanced atherosclerosis. Thus, hyperuricemia may be associated with more advanced heart disease and it is not an independent cause of cardiovascular diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence and ten-year (1970-1979) incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Finland.

The prevalence and incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Finnish children and adolescents were studied by means of a national register of drug-treated diabetics and hospital records. At the end of 1979 the prevalence of diabetes in children aged 0-14 was 191/100 000, and in those aged 0-19, 262/100 000 respectively. During the 10-year period from 1970 to 1979, 3916 new diabetics aged 0-19 years were registered. The annual incidence of diabetes was 27.3/100 000 in the age group 0-19 years and 28.6/100 000 in those 0-14 years. The peak incidence of diabetes in girls occurred at 12 years of age and in boys at 14 years. There was a seasonal variation in the symptom debut, with peaks in April and in September and low rates in the summer. A regional variation in the prevalence and incidence rates was evident the rates being highest in eastern and lowest in northern Finland. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased clearly during the observation period, and the incidence tended to increase especially during the last years. Both prevalence and incidence rates of diabetes mellitus in Finnish children are high by international standards, possibly the highest in the world.

Adolescent↗