PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Risbo

Publications and source records attributed to A Risbo.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Indomethacin enema in treatment of postoperative pain after knee arthrotomy. A double-blind controlled trial].

Twenty-three patients subjected to arthrotomy of the knee were in a double-blind trial randomly allocated to either: 1) Indomethacin 100 mg (Confortid) administered as an enema immediately before induction of anaesthesia and repeated morning and evening for the next two days, or: b) a placebo. The patients' demand for postoperative pain treatment were registered. Survival analysis was applied to the time passed from recovery from anaesthesia until patients first asked for postoperative pain treatment. A significant difference was found (p less than 0.05). The indomethacin treated group required significantly less postoperative pain treatment than did the placebo group. 36% of the patients in the indomethacin group had no additional pain treatment during the two days of observation. Indomethacin as an enema proved to be an easy and effective way of reducing postoperative pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prophylactic ephedrine during spinal anaesthesia: double-blind study in patients in ASA groups I-III.

Forty-eight patients scheduled to undergo spinal anaesthesia were allocated to three groups of 16 each according to ASA classification I-II-III. Each patient received a fluid load of 7 ml kg-1 and either ephedrine 12.5 mg i.v. and 37.5 mg i.m., or placebo. Twelve patients in the placebo groups developed a maximal decrease in mean arterial pressure exceeding 20%. Five of these (one in ASA II and four in ASA III) developed a decrease exceeding 33% and required treatment. In ASA risk group III, all patients in the placebo group had a decrease in mean arterial pressure exceeding 20%; in 50% of these patients, the decrease exceeded 33%. We conclude that prophylactic ephedrine is desirable for spinal anaesthesia, especially in ASA III patients.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗
PubMed1988

Buprenorphine antagonism of ventilatory depression following fentanyl anaesthesia.

In order to compare the effect of buprenorphine and naloxone on respiratory depression after fentanyl anaesthesia (25 micrograms/kg), 32 women scheduled for elective abdominal hysterectomy participated in a double-blind randomized investigation. At termination of anaesthesia, after antagonizing residual neuromuscular blockade, 20 normocapnic patients with a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/min or less entered the study, receiving either buprenorphine (0.6 mg in 20 ml NaCl) or naloxone (0.4 mg in 20 ml NaCl) 2 ml/min until 20 ml was given or until the respiratory rate exceeded 8 breaths/min. Respiratory rate, PaCO2, sedation score, and pain intensity were evaluated during a 3-h study period. Fifteen min after beginning the treatment, all the patients in both groups had their ventilatory depression antagonized. There were no statistically significant differences in respiratory rates between groups except at 15 min. On no occasion did either PaCO2 or a sedation score differ statistically significantly between the groups. At 15 min all patients in the buprenorphine group had no or mild pain, compared to the patients in the naloxone group, of whom 50% had moderate to severe pain (P less than 0.05). It seems as if buprenorphine is as effective as naloxone in antagonizing respiratory rate depression following fentanyl anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prediction of severe postoperative complications in patients admitted to neuroanaesthesia.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors which will predict the risk of severe postoperative complications in individual patients in a neurosurgical unit. Eleven risk factors were investigated in 363 neurosurgical patients, of whom 40 (11%) developed postoperative complications requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h in an intensive care unit, 16 were found to be severely disabled or in a vegetative state at follow-up 1 month after admission, and 28 patients died. By applying stepwise, logistic regression analysis to the patient's data, we were able to select two significant risk variables, i.e. the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 8 or less preoperatively and emergency anaesthesia. The presence of GCS 8 or less on the consciousness scale was associated with postoperative complications in approximately 40% of the cases. Emergency patients with severe neurological damage had the greatest risk of postoperative complications (93%). Fatal outcome for patients with postoperative complications was seen in 40% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Peroperative buprenorphine: do high dosages shorten analgesia postoperatively?

Fifty-two patients undergoing biliary surgery were investigated in a prospective randomized study, in which they received buprenorphine 10, 20, 30, and 40 micrograms X kg-1, respectively, as sole intravenous analgesic as a bolus 15 min before induction of anaesthesia. The anaesthetic was uneventful in all four groups, although when receiving 10 and 20 micrograms X kg-1 almost two-thirds of the patients needed supplemental analgesics during the operation. When receiving buprenorphine in the dosage of 30 and 40 micrograms X kg-1, 50% of the patients requested an analgesic within 5 min of extubation. In contrast, when receiving 10 and 20 micrograms X kg-1 none of the patients requested an analgesic within 1 h of the operation. These findings accord to a certain extent with the presence of a bell-shaped dose-response curve for buprenorphine in humans.

Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of oral controlled release morphine and epidural morphine in the management of postoperative pain.

Oral controlled release morphine (CRM) was compared in a double-blind study with epidural morphine (EM) for postoperative pain relief in 20 patients undergoing knee arthrotomy under epidural anesthesia. Ten patients received 30 mg CRM orally and saline epidurally (CRM group), and ten patients received placebo tablets orally and 4 mg morphine epidurally (EM group), both at the time of skin incision and then every 8 hr for 48 hr during which patients evaluated pain intensity using a visual analog scale. Nine of the ten patients in the EM group had good relief of pain throughout the study period. Seven of the ten patients in the CRM group needed rescue analgesics within 6 hr of the initiation of the study (P less than 0.01). We conclude that CRM is not suitable for the control of early postoperative pain, whereas epidural morphine is excellent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative pain relief with naloxone. Severe respiratory depression and pain after high dose buprenorphine.

Buprenorphine 30 and 40 micrograms/kg was given as the sole intravenous analgesic in balanced anaesthesia to 12 patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Significant and severe respiratory depression was found 15 minutes after preoperative loading with buprenorphine. In the immediate postoperative period six patients were in pain. They were treated with naloxone 0.08-0.4 mg leading to a long lasting period of pain relief (median 22 hours).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Sublingual buprenorphine for premedication and postoperative pain relief in orthopaedic surgery.

The effect of sublingual buprenorphine (Temgesic) as a premedicant and for postoperative pain relief compared with morphine/pethidine was studied in 50 patients scheduled for elective surgery of the knee joint. Twenty-five patients received buprenorphine 0.4 mg sublingually 1 h before surgery and the same dose on demand postoperatively. Twenty-five patients were given morphine intramuscularly (7.5 mg or 10 mg to females and males respectively) 1 h preoperatively. This group received pethidine (75 mg) intramuscularly on demand postoperatively. All the patients were anaesthetized with halothane N2O/O2 after induction with thiopentone. No significant differences were found with regard to sedation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting during the study period. Emergence shivering, confusion and restlessness just after termination of the operation were equal in the two groups. In the recovery room, however, there was a higher frequency of shivering (P less than 0.05) in the morphine group. During the first 24 h postoperatively the buprenorphine group was given an average of 3.8 doses compared with 2.3 in the pethidine group (P greater than 0.05). It is concluded, that buprenorphine sublingually is as good as morphine intramuscularly for premedication and therefore should be recommended to patients who wish to avoid injections. For postoperative pain relief the initial dose of buprenorphine should be given intravenously. Only minor and unimportant side effects were seen.

Administration, Oral↗