PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Ruskone

Publications and source records attributed to A Ruskone.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Symptomatic, radionuclide and therapeutic assessment of chronic idiopathic dyspepsia. A double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of cisapride.

Twenty-eight patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia defined by the presence of chronic unexplained symptoms suggestive of gastric stasis and directly related to food ingestion were included in this prospective study. Gastric emptying of the liquid and solid phases of a meal was quantified by a dual-isotope method, and symptoms were evaluated by a diary and a visual analog scale. Delay in gastric emptying was evidenced in 59% of the dyspeptic patients; it occurred with liquids in more cases than solids. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of symptoms was of no practical value in predicting the presence of objective stasis. The dyspeptic patients were included in a double-blind randomized controlled trial of cisapride, a new gastrokinetic drug devoid of central antiemetic effects. After six weeks of cisapride treatment, all patients with initially abnormal gastric emptying rates for liquids, and all but one for solids returned to normal ranges, and significant differences between cisapride and placebo groups were observed for half emptying times of both solids (136 +/- 16 min vs 227 +/- 32 min; P less than 0.02) and liquids (61 +/- 4 min vs 132 +/- 37 min; P less than 0.01). Cisapride also significantly improved dyspeptic symptom scores at weeks 3 and 6 of treatment as compared to those measured before treatment. Nevertheless, the decrease in global diary score was significantly higher than that seen with placebo at week 3 (-16 +/- 6 vs -1 +/- 9; P less than 0.05), but not at week 6 (-18 +/- 5 vs -10 +/- 8).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of the increase of the caloric load of a meal on gastric emptying of its solid and liquid phases].

Caloric regulation of gastric emptying was mainly assessed with artificial liquid meals. We thus studied the effects of glucidic and lipidic caloric loads on gastric emptying of a solid-liquid meal (400 ml; 480 kcal), measured by an isotopic technique. Sixteen healthy subjects were separated in 3 groups; solutions of identical volume (400 ml) were added to the meal: water in group I (N = 6), glucose polymers (Caloreen; 400 kcal) in group II (N = 5), and triglycerides (Intralipide; 400 kcal) in group III (N = 5). Gastric emptying was dramatically slower in groups II and III than in group I, whatever the parameter considered. The magnitude of this caloric brake was identical for the 2 caloric loads tested and concerned both phases of the meal. Therefore, 3 h after the end of the meal, intragastric percentages of ingested liquids were 50 +/- 4 in group II, 52 +/- 5 in group III, vs 14 +/- 1 p. 100 in group I (p less than 0.001); for solids these percentages were 56 +/- 6 and 68 +/- 2 vs 11 +/- 3 p. 100 (p less than 0.001). In all groups, emptying of solids was slower than that of liquids, but the kinetics of this discrimination was modified by the increase of caloric load. The pyloric output of calories, estimated for the 3 h of the study was close to 2 kcal/min for the 3 groups studied. Thus, the 2 fold increase of the caloric concentration in groups II and III as compared to group I, did not modify the delivery rate of energy to small bowel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Determination of immunoglobulins A in the fluids of normal human intestinal perfusion].

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) in intestinal secretions is present in several molecular forms among which dimeric IgA linked to the secretory component (S-IgA) predominates. IgA was measured in jejunal perfusates obtained in nine normal subjects by intraluminal perfusion under a proximal occluding balloon of an isotonic and non antigenic solution. The method associated reverse radial immunodiffusion technique or nephelometry, using human serum as standard with chromatography on a polyacrylamide indubiose column. Chromatography separated IgA between two fractions whose elution ratios were the same as those found with mixtures of pure monomeric IgA and S-IgA. A scale was constructed from the latter, allowing the calculation of the percentages of monomeric IgA and S-IgA present in the jejunal perfusates, and that of their total content of IgA.

Chromatography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polycythemia and the Budd-Chiari syndrome: study of serum erythropoietin and bone marrow erythroid progenitors.

The mechanism of polycythemia associated with the Budd-Chiari syndrome is unknown. Erythropoiesis in 10 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome was studied in an attempt to distinguish prior unrecognized polycythemia vera from secondary polycythemia. Serum erythropoietin was assayed using a mouse fetal liver erythroblast assay. High concentrations of serum erythropoietin were observed in 6 of 7 patients with acute primary Budd-Chiari syndrome. Levels were normal in four patients who were investigated during the chronic phase and were increased in one with persisting polycythemia. In one patient, erythropoietin concentration in the hepatic vein was twice the level measured in peripheral, caval and renal venous blood. Bone marrow erythroid progenitors developed in vitro in the absence of exogenous erythropoietin in all polycythemia vera cases studied in acute and chronic phases, whether polycythemia persisted or not. These findings indicate that hepatic erythropoietin production occurs in the acute phase of Budd-Chiari syndrome and suggest that, in some cases of Budd Chiari syndrome, polycythemia which resolves after the acute phase may be secondary to liver disease.

Adult↗