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Biomedical subjects

A Rutherford

Publications and source records attributed to A Rutherford.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Should recurrent calcium oxalate stone formers become vegetarians?

The hypothesis that the incidence of calcium stone disease is related to the consumption of animal protein has been examined. Within the male population, recurrent idiopathic stone formers consumed more animal protein than did normal subjects. Single stone formers had animal protein intakes intermediate between those of normal men and those of recurrent stone formers. A high animal protein intake caused a significant increase in the urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate and uric acid, 3 of the 6 main urinary risk factors for calcium stone formation. The overall relative probability of forming stones, calculated from the combination of the 6 main urinary risk factors, was markedly increased by a high animal protein diet. Conversely, a low animal protein intake, such as taken by vegetarians, was associated with a low excretion of calcium, oxalate and uric acid and a low relative probability of forming stones.

Calcium↗
PubMed1979

Urinary tract stone disease.

Patients suffering from urinary stone are traditionally referred to a surgeon. Most are investigated only as far as establishing the site of the stone and its effect on renal function. Although a number of patients may require surgery, the majority pass the stone spontaneously and are discharged within a few days. If the patient has a recurrence, as most eventually have, it is not routine practice to establish the type of stone, screen for underlying disease, identify the urinary abnormalities or to institute preventive medical treatment. Although it was considered that surgery itself had something to offer in reducing the recurrence rate this is no longer generally held except in infected stone disease. Nevertheless it is still uncommon to involve a physician, and in particular a nephrologist, in the investigation and management of urinary stone-formers. Urinary stone disease still remains, to a large extent, outside the field of nephrology.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

Neuronal and non-neuronal components in the overflow of labelled adenyl compounds from guinea-pig taenia coli.

Guinea-pig taenia coli preprations were pre-incubated in 3H-adenosine and the overflow of 3H-compounds to a superfusing medium was measured during transmural field stimulation in the presence and absence of tetrodotoxin. The fractional overflow of 3H-compounds on stimulation of taenia coli pre-incubated in 3H-adenosine at 10(-7) M was greater than after incubation at 10(-5) M. About half of the releasable store was blocked by tetrodotoxin. It is proposed that at lower concentrations, there is selective loading of a releasable store, while at higher concentrations thare is a greater loading of non-releasable stores, and that neuronal stores account for about 33% of the 3H-compounds released by transmural stimulation.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1977

Beef cattle productivity under traditional and improved management in Botswana.

A comparison of productivity over a 4-year period from indigenous type beef cattle under two production systems in Botswana is reported. The two systems are: the traditional system on unenclosed communal grazing (cattle post) and ranching within fenced paddocks. Calving percentages, 7-month old calf weight, calf mortality and post-weaning growth to 18 months of age under cattle post conditions were 46.4 per cent, 122.5 kg, 10.2 percent and 88.5 kg respectively. Corresponding figures for cattle on the fenced ranches were 74.0 per cent, 177.4 kg, 8.5 per cent and 105.8 kg. These results indicate overall productivity estimates of 51 and 120 kg of weaner calf per cow per year and 86 and 188 kg of 18-month old calf per cow per year for the cattle post and fenced ranch respectively.

Animal Husbandry↗