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A Ryska

Publications and source records attributed to A Ryska.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Immunohistochemical detection of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD 26) in thyroid neoplasia using biotinylated tyramine amplification.

Differential diagnosis between malignant and benign thyroid tumors derived from follicular cells can pose certain difficulties in routine surgical pathology. The aim of the study was to evaluate dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV/CD 26) in differential diagnostics of thyroid lesions. DPP IV/CD 26 was evaluated in thyroid glands of 309 patients (261 females and 48 males, age range of patients 15-80 years). DPP IV/CD 26 was assessed in paraffin-embedded thyroid specimens immunohistochemically using commercially available antibody (Serotec) and biotinylated tyramine amplification kit (DAKO). Well-differentiated carcinoma revealed DPP IV/CD 26 positivity in 33 out of 42 cases (79%). Neither medullary nor insular carcinoma was DPPIV/CD 26 positive (only one case of each tested). DPPIV/CD 26 expression in isolated cells was seen in 18/261 (7%) benign disorders. The sensitivity of the method was 68%, the specificity was 94%, and the diagnostic accuracy was 91%, respectively, using 5% threshold of positive follicular cells. DPP IV/CD 26 can be assessed immunohistochemically using biotinylated tyramine amplification kit. DPP IV/CD 26 could be an adjunct in the thyroid gland differential diagnosis. However, DPP IV/CD 26 positivity is limited to the group of well-differentiated carcinomas, particularly papillary carcinoma. Furthermore, it is of limited value for follicular and oncocytic tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Epithelioid hemangiosarcoma of the thyroid gland].

Authors present a case of epithelioid haemangiosarcoma of the thyroid gland in a 54-year-old female with a history of eufunctional nodular goitre. The patient was treated by total thyroidectomy with extirpation of cervical lymph nodes and by subsequent chemotherapy. The tumour behaved highly aggressively with early generalization and unusual way of metastatic spread into the wall of the stomach and duodenum. The patient died 3 months after the surgery due to therapeutically unmanageable bleeding into the GIT. The clinico-pathological aspects of the case are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed2002

[Dipeptidyl(amino)peptidase IV in the differential diagnosis of thyroid gland tumors: methods and results of a pilot study of 200 cases].

The use of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV) staining by azo-coupling in preoperative and intraoperative diagnostics of thyroid lesions is presented. In a series of 200 histologically confirmed cases examined, the sensitivity and the specificity were 71% and 99%, respectively in 124 smears, and 70% and 94%, respectively in 189 frozen sections. DPP IV expression showed high negative predictive value as well. DPP IV is suggested as an additional tool in the preoperative and intraoperative diagnostics of thyroid lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Role of the MIB-1 proliferative markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors of the thyroid gland].

Well-differentiated thyroid tumors may sometimes cause diagnostic uncertainty due to difficulties in the evaluation of certain morphological criteria (capsular and/or vascular invasion, cytomorphological features). Therefore, various diagnostic/prognostic markers are currently studied, namely the markers of tumor proliferation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the proliferative MIB-1 index in 155 thyroid tumors, and to correlate it with morphological diagnosis, size of the tumors, and the patients' age. Oncocytic tumors were represented by 59 follicular adenomas, 27 follicular carcinomas and 12 papillocarcinomas. Nononcocytic tumors comprised 24 follicular adenomas and 33 conventional papillary carcinomas. The Ki-67 antigen (formalin resistant epitope MIB-1) was detected immunohistochemically and the proliferative index (PI) of tumors was evaluated. The results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon tests (significance level p < 0.05). Carcinomas showed significantly higher PI than adenomas. Moreover, PI in oncocytic adenomas was higher than in nononcocytic ones. However, proliferative activity in all types of the carcinomas was similar. The higher rates of proliferation correlated with the advanced age of the patients with follicular carcinomas (p < 0.0016).

Adenoma↗
PubMed2002

[Secondary changes in the thyroid gland induced by aspiration cytology].

Due to the introduction of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) to the routine clinical preoperative examination surgical pathologists are faced with thyroid gland specimens with FNAC-induced secondary changes. These changes can cause diagnostic difficulties and be a source of incorrect diagnosis. Authors present a review of FNAC-induced changes with differential diagnostic criteria helpful in these pitfalls. FNAC-induced changes can be schematically divided into two major groups--recent ones (intranodal bleeding and/or necrosis) and subacute/late ones (proliferation of granulation tissue with predominance of myofibroblasts or endothelial cells, resorptive pseudoxantomathous granulomas, formation of sarcoid-like granulomas, capsular pseudoinvasion and scarring). Pathologists should be informed about the previously performed FNAC and must be aware of these lesions to prevent their misinterpretation.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2002

[Metaplastic spindle-cell (fibromatosis-like) carcinoma of the breast--report of 4 cases].

The authors report about clinico-morphological features in four cases of spindle-cell metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, closely mimicking benign soft tissue fibromatosis or nodular fasciitis. All patients were females aged 54-72 years with a palpable nodule within the breast, 20-35 mm in size. Histologically, the tumor infiltrated surrounding tissue; it consisted of spindle cells with relatively bland morphology, arranged in a fascicular, storiform or random fashion. Mitotic activity was low, focally the tumors revealed regressive changes (hyalinization, myxoid degeneration). Cytokeratin expression was proven in all four cases. In two patients the tumor metastasized and the patients died of it; this fact confirms recently published data that despite its deceptively benign appearance, fibromatosis--like carcinoma of the breast is undoubtedly a malignant process with potentially aggressive behaviour. Differential diagnosis of this unusual variant of metaplastic breast carcinoma is discussed together with related therapeutic issues.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Solid and papillary epithelial tumor of the pancreas: cytologic and histologic features].

Cytologic and histologic features in a case of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) of the pancreas in a 34-year-old female are presented. In the fine-needle aspiration material, there was a predominance of pseudopapillary fragments with delicate fibrovascular core lined with one or more layers of uniform tumor cells with clear cytoplasm. There were also acinar-like or rosette-like structures and dispersed tumor cells. Tumor cells had small, round to oval nuclei, with finely granular chromatin and inconspicuous nucleolus. Rarely, nuclear grooves were present. Mitoses were not seen. Histologically, the encapsulated tumor was predominantly solid, with focal pseudocystic and pseudopapillary areas; foreign body granulomas were focally present. Tumor cells were small and uniform with clear cytoplasm. Mitoses were extremely rare. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells revealed diffuse positivity of vimentin, and focal positivity for alpha 1-antitrypsin and CD68. No immunoreactivity for chromogranin, synaptophysin, cytokeratin, HMB 45, estrogen and progesterone receptors was found. In differential diagnosis, it is important to distinguish SPEN mainly from mucinous tumors of the pancreas, microcystic adenoma and pseudocysts, but also from endocrine tumors of the pancreas, acinic cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical adenoma and primary extrapulmonary sugar tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Benign tumors of the breast with multinucleated stromal giant cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of six cases and review of the literature.

The authors present six cases of benign tumors of the breast with numerous multinucleated stromal giant cells (MSGC). All six patients were women aged 37-70 years (mean 48 years), presenting clinically with a breast mass 1.0-3.8 cm in size (mean 1.9 cm; median 1.5 cm). By standard H&E examination, all cases showed the presence of numerous MSGC haphazardly dispersed within the tumor stroma. Three cases revealed MSGC merging into the surrounding adipose tissue simulating infiltrative growth. The MSGC appeared to have multiple nuclei (5 to 25) with fine chromatin and sporadic small nucleoli. Their cytoplasm was inconspicuous. The MSGC expressed vimentin only and to lesser extent CD34. These cells were negative for muscle markers, keratins, S-100 protein, vascular markers, CD68 and hormone receptors. Interestingly, the majority of MSGC and mononuclear stromal cells showed reactivity for p53 protein and Ki-67 proliferation antigen. All patients were treated by simple excision and remain free of recurrence (mean 70 months, median 48 months.). The reactivity of p53 in MSGC and mononuclear stromal cells may play a key role in linking these two cell types. Nonetheless, the presence of MSGC does not alter prognosis of otherwise typical benign lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Oncocytic papillary carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (Warthin-like tumour) of the thyroid: a distinct entity with favourable prognosis.

AIMS: We report the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 12 cases of a recently recognized entity, oncocytic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PC) with lymphoid stroma (Warthin-like tumour). METHODS AND RESULTS: The cases were retrieved from the surgical pathology files of our departments. There were 11 female patients and one male patient; they ranged in age from 45 to 85 years (mean 64.2 years). The immunohistochemical profile demonstrated positivity of tumour cells for cytokeratins, thyroglobulin, Leu-M1 and anti-mitochondrial antigen. S100 protein-positive stromal dendritic/Langerhans cells were uniformly present. Polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection revealed no significant positive signal. MIB-1 labelling index was low, compatible with that of 'classical' PC. CONCLUSIONS: Warthin-like tumour is a rare variant of PC, occurring predominantly in elderly women. Its histological features are distinct and well recognizable, differentiating this tumour from a more aggressive tall-cell variant of PC. The apparent indolent behaviour seems to be consistent with the presence of dendritic/Langerhans cells and with low proliferative activity. A possible role of EBV in pathogenesis of this lesion was not proven. Further studies are necessary to determine the prognosis and metastatic potential of this neoplasm.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed2001

Composite tumor consisting of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and giant cell fibroblastoma associated with intratumoral endometriosis. Report of a case.

We present a unique case of composite skin tumor of the vulva consisting of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) and giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) with an intratumoral focus of endometriosis. A 31-year-old female with a 10-year-history of a recurring subcutaneous tumor in the vulvar area underwent excision of the seventh recurrence of the tumor. Microscopic examination revealed a composite fibrohistiocytic tumor consisting of DFSP and GCF. Additionally, a focus of endometriosis within the tumor tissue was found. Malignant transformation of extragonadal endometriosis has already been described; we present, however, the occurrence of a focus of endometriosis within the tissue of a hormonally independent soft tissue tumor. There is a possible link to the occurrence of cutaneous endometriosis at previous surgery sites and in the scars. The presence of endometriosis within the soft tissue tumor represents, to the best of our knowledge, a previously undescribed collision phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Angiogenesis in breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemical study of 142 cases].

Due to the fact that capillary vessels provide not only supply of nutrients to the tumor but also represent a gate for lymphogenous and hematogenous metastatic spreading of the tumor, angiogenesis has gained increasing attention in recent years. The aim of the project was: 1. to study number of capillaries in the tumor and its relationship to the metastatic potency and prognosis and 2. to analyse the differences in the quantity of the capillaries between the groups of tumors with or without previously performed aspiration biopsy. 142 cases of breast carcinoma diagnosed at the Fingerland's Department of Pathology in the years 1997-98 were examined. Endothelial cells were visualized immunohistochemically using an antibody against factor VIII (von Willebrand factor). Capillary vessels were counted at 200x magnification (using eyepiece graticule) in the areas of highest angiogenic activity (hot spots), usually at the periphery of the tumor. The highest microvessel counts (HMC) were correlated with other factors (age, tumor size, grade, nodal status, expression of hormonal receptors, proliferative activity, p53, HER-2/neu). The differences between the tumors with and without previous aspiration biopsy were analyzed. All patients were women aged 31-86 years (median 59). The size of tumors was 4-70 mm (median 20 mm). Sixty cases have been previously examined by fine needle aspiration cytology; 72 cases were node-positive. HMC values varied from 26 to 185 (average 63.9, median 60) per microscopic field (area 0.24 mm2). The HMC was significantly higher in node-positive tumors (median 57.5 versus 66; p = 0.036). The capillary vessel counts did not correlate with other parameters examined. Fine needle aspiration cytology does seem to increase the number of intratumoral capillary vessels only for a transitory period. We have also compared HMC/mm2 in normal breast tissue with counts in carcinoma. Interestingly, the values in normal lobules, were significantly higher (median 565 versus 243; p < 0.0000001).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Recurrent adhesive ileus after surgical treatment of ovarian teratoma, malposition of an intrauterine device and dolichosigmoid--case report] ].

A 30-year-old woman was operated for ovarian teratoma and repeatedly for adhesive ileus during 1995-1999. A partial left ovarectomy, extirpation of an intrauterine device (IUD) in malposition (greater omentum) and appendectomy were performed during the first operation. Early adhesive ileus developed on the fourth postoperative day. Adhesectomy was performed in the region of the terminal jejunum. A new adhesive ileus developed after twenty seven months when patient underwent laparoscopy for gynaecological problems with conversion to laparotomy because of greater adhesions intraperitoneally another adhesectomy was performed. During the next eleven months new adhesive obstructions of the bowel developed and a third operation had to be performed incl. resection of the dolichosigmoideum on account of chronic problems during defaecation. A special tube as a intraluminal splint was inserted as prophylaxis of mechanical ileus in the postoperative period. But during next thirteen months subileous conditions and mechanical ileus developed again (up to now). The picture of intraperitoneal conditions was disastrous: almost total fibrotic changes allowed only partial adhesectomy. The passage through bowel is limited and is restricted to dietetic and medicamentous preparations. This case-report demonstrates postoperative adhesions a very old and very serious problem at the beginning of the third millennium.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Sclerosing papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with tubular features.

A case of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a twenty-seven year old female is reported. The patient presented with complaints of a goiter and associated dysphagia. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by diffuse growth of branching tubules lined by a single layer of the tumor cells and surrounded by circularly arranged fibrous tissue of variable thickness. Focally, micropapillary projections of the epithelium budding into the lumen of tubules were visible. The cells showed features of PTC (overlapping ground glass nuclei, multiple grooves and pseudoinclusions). Nevertheless, no areas of "classical" PTC were identified. A striking feature was the presence of a severe lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate and the presence of plentiful S-100 protein positive dendritic/Langerhans cells. The tumor shares several features with diffuse sclerosing PTC, namely the age and sex of the patient, the infiltrative growth pattern and the presence of severe chronic thyroiditis that is associated with a large number of dendritic/Langerhans cells in the background. There are, however, several distinct differences - particularly the absence of massive squamous metaplasia, psammoma bodies, areas of classical PTC, and also lack of invasion of lymphatic vessels. We believe that this tumor represents an unusual example of diffuse sclerosing PTC with special tubular features.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Angiogenesis in tumors. Part I. Its role in the determination of biological characteristics of tumors; factors controlling the onset and development of angiogenesis].

The tumor stroma gains increasing attention in recent years. Angiogenesis (AG) is defined as formation of new vessels from the endothelium of the preexisting vasculature. The vascular bed does not only provide supply of nutrition factors and oxygen as well as elimination of metabolic waste, but the neo-formed vessels represent also a gate for lymphogenous and hematogenous metastatic spread of the tumor. For tumor growth beyond the size of several mm, AG must be started to form vascular supply of tumor cells. After the switch to angiogenic phenotype, the tumor starts to exhibit rapid, almost exponential growth. AG is a complex process, involving degradation of the basement membrane of preexisting vessel, proliferation of endothelial buds or solid strands towards the angiogenic stimulus, maturation of endothelial cells with formation of a luminized capillary, connection of such capillaries with creation of vascular loops, and finally formation of a functional vessel, surrounded by basement membrane and pericytes. The most intensive AG is observed at the periphery of the tumor. AG is regulated by numerous angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, which can be synthesized and released by tumor cells themselves, stromal elements, as well as inflammatory cells, namely macrophages. The issues of regulation of AG and importance of AG for tumor growth, progression and metastasis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Angiogenesis in tumors. Part II. Methods and significance of quantification; angiogenesis as a prognostic indicator and the target of therapeutic approaches].

The efforts to quantify tumor angiogenesis (AG) have been limited by the methods available. Only since introduction of immunohistochemistry, detection of early stages of capillary vessel formation is enabled. There were reports showing strong correlation between AG and behavior of the tumor (namely formation of metastases, disease free interval, and overall survival) particularly in carcinomas of the breast, prostate, esophagus, stomach and colon. However, significance of these studies is strongly dependent on the methodological aspects, e.g. the choice of visualized endothelial antigen, microscopic magnification and selection of areas with highest angiogenic activity (so called "hot spots"). We present a review of studies focused on AG and discuss pitfalls, which could bias the results. Current clinical applications as well as perspectives of future antiangiogenic treatment are also discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Oncocytic myoepithelioma and pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands.

Twenty oncocytic myoepitheliomas (MEs) and pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) were composed of interlacing fascicles of swollen spindle-shaped or/and epithelioid oncocytic myoepithelial cells showing intense finely granular immunoreactivity with anti-mitochondrial antibody. Focal vacuolation of the cytoplasm of oncocytic myoepithelial cells and their gradual transition into sebaceous metaplasia were observed in 3 cases. Another unusual feature found in 5 cases was the presence of slit-like adenomatoid spaces lined with double-layered oncocytic myoepithelium closely resembling Warthin's tumour. The nuclei of oncocytic cells were characterized by enlargement, hyperchromasia and polymorphism, which should not be confused with malignancy. Oncocytic change in myoepithelial cells in MEs and PAs can cause pitfalls in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumours. We describe some unusual histological features associated with onococytic metaplasia in benign myoepithelial cell-derived salivary gland tumours, hoping to help to avoid the overdiagnosis of malignancy.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1999

Adenolymphoma (Warthin's tumor) with multiple sarcoid-like granulomas.

Five cases of adenolymphoma (Warthin's tumor) (AL) with numerous sarcoid-like granulomas within the lymphoid stroma are described. All patients were males, aged from 44 to 71 years (mean 57.3 years); all tumors were localized in the parotid gland. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in two cases 7.5 and 2 weeks before operation, respectively. Microscopic examination demonstrated the typical structure of AL. In addition, dispersed throughout the lymphoid stroma there were numerous granulomas formed by both epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells of Langhans type, strongly resembling sarcoidosis. The pathogenesis of the granulomatous change remains speculative. It could be caused by a toxic effect of the cysts' contents but probably not by its direct action; the spread of the fluid via sinuses into the lymphatic tissue seems to be more probable. We presume that the previous FNA may have some triggering effect. Granulomatous transformation of the lymphoid stroma resembling sarcoidosis is rare, but should be included in the spectrum of secondary changes in AL. It is not limited to metaplastic AL; it can be seen in an otherwise typical AL without any additional histologic changes. Knowledge of a previous FNA and awareness of the possibility of this peculiar histologic change are necessary to avoid incorrect diagnosis.

Adenolymphoma↗