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A S Barchuk

Publications and source records attributed to A S Barchuk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The comprehensive diagnosis of lesions of the intrathoracic lymph nodes].

The paper deals with results of complex diagnosis of intrathoracic lymph node involvement in 194 patients with malignant lymphoma (85 cases), cancer (11), sarcoidosis (95) or lymphadenitis (3 cases). All the patients underwent complex roentgenologic and radionuclide examination. Tumor tissue sampling aimed at morphologic verification was carried out by transthoracic puncture, mediastinoscopy, parasternal mediastinotomy or diagnostic thoracotomy. The following diagnostic algorithm was suggested: in patients with involvement of the anterior mediastinum, diagnosis should start with transthoracic puncture (efficacy--71%) which should be followed, if it fails, by parasternal mediastinotomy (100%). Mediastinoscopy proved the best procedure for diagnosing central mediastinal lymph node involvement (efficacy--96%). Patients with lymphadenopathy in the anterior central mediastinum should undergo mediastinoscopy (efficacy--67%) or parasternal mediastinotomy (90%). Diagnostic thoracotomy was performed in 7 (3.6%) patients in whom the other methods had failed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the efficacy of intensive preoperative irradiation of patients with lung cancer].

The study discusses the results of treatment in 118 radically operated lung cancer patients: surgery alone--66 and combined therapy including preoperative irradiation (4 Gy for 5 successive days, total focal dose--20 Gy)--52 cases. Radiation treatment did not significantly affect the patient's general condition, nor did it interfere with surgical procedure, increase operative blood loss or postoperative lethality. However, the postoperative complication rate was higher in the radiotherapy group (51.9 +/- 6.9%) than in the surgery alone group (39.4 +/- 6.0%) mainly due to increased incidence of cardiovascular disorders in patient older than 55 years of age suffering heart pathology. Radiation treatment assured a higher 5-year survival rate (32.0 +/- 9.2% as compared to 14.2 +/- 5.7%) in squamous-cell lung cancer. The beneficial effect of irradiation was most apparent in cases of central squamous-cell lung cancer with intact regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of various clinico-anatomical forms of lung cancer].

Among 3898 cases of primary lung cancer registered in Leningrad within 1985-1986, central cancer clearly predominated (61.9%). Central/peripheral cancer ratio was 1.6:1. The most common procedure used for treatment of central lung cancer was pneumonectomy (74.6% of cases) and lobectomy--for peripheral cancer management (85.7%). Significant differences in approach to diagnosis and surgical treatment of these pathologies were established. It seems unfeasible to increase resectability of central lung carcinoma by extending surgery. Such tumors should be diagnosed at the stage of segment involvement. However, prophylactic photo-roentgenography does not assure early detection of central lung cancer. Organization of lung cancer detection in Leningrad needs to be improved.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of central cancer of the lungs].

Data on 396 patients with central cancer of the lung admitted to the thoracal department of the Petrov Research Institute of Oncology and the City Oncological Dispensary in 1985-1986 are presented. In 94 of them (23.7%) the disease was diagnosed by prophylactic roentgenofluorography, in 302 (76.3%)--in consultation with a doctor. Operability of the patients of the first group was somewhat higher than in those of the second group. During the two years under analysis the roentgenofluorography detected central cancer of the lung in 266 patients (11%). Radical operations were performed in 48 patients (18%), while in patients consulted by doctors after the appearance of clinical symptoms of the disease, resectability made up 13.3%. Main efforts should be directed to the active detection of central cancer of the lung in patients who addressed the polyclinic for lung symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Preoperative radiotherapy in the combined treatment of lung cancer patients.

The results of a cooperative study on combined treatment and preoperative radiotherapy in 478 lung cancer patients were analyzed. Intensive fractionated radiotherapy was given at doses of 4 Gy for 5 days, the total dosage thus attaining 20 Gy. 218 patients received combined treatment, 260 patients were treated only surgically. A comparison of the 5-year survival rates of Stage I and II patients did not show any advantage in favor of the used therapeutic modality. The combined treatment with preoperative radiotherapy, however, improved the survival rates of Stage III patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The 3-year rate in these patients was 49.4% and the 5-year rate was 29.2%, while those found in the patients treated only surgically were 28.1% and 15.8%, respectively. In all patients with regional metastases the effectiveness of the treatment was higher when the combined method was employed.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Combined treatment including postoperative chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.

The results of a cooperative randomized study performed in Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and the Soviet Union on the treatment of lung cancer patients are presented. Three hundred and sixty patients were treated only surgically, 360 patients received combined therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using 3 preparations (cyclophosphane, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) within 2-3 weeks after operation (first course) followed by another 3 courses at intervals of 8-9 weeks. The combined therapy increased the 5-year survival rate of patients with Stage III squamous cell carcinoma with thoracic lymph node metastases. Better results were achieved when 3-4 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy were performed. In patients with Stage I-II squamous cell carcinoma of the lung without regional lymph node metastases the used regimen of combined therapy had no significant effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Bronchoscopy in the outpatient examination of patients].

Diagnosis was improved and the duration of examination and costs reduced as a result of bronchoscopy carried out in outpatients. Lung cancer was frequent in males over 45 years with a long history of heavy smoking. In such cases, the disease presented as long-lasting acute pneumonia. The high diagnostic value of the procedure and freedom from complications suggest that it be more closely integrated with outpatient treatment practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Combined treatment of lung cancer].

The results of surgical and combined treatment of 2025 cases of differentiated cancer of the lung are compared. There was no difference in treatment results for stages I-II. In stage III tumor treatment, preoperative radiotherapy or postoperative polychemotherapy were followed by relative increase in 5-year survival. When intrathoracic lymph nodes were involved, combined treatment including pre- or postoperative radiotherapy was a procedure of choice since it was followed by better end results.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Transthoracic puncture in the diagnosis of peripheral cancer of the lung].

Transthoracic needle biopsy was performed in 134 patients with peripheral coin lesions of the lung. The mentioned technic is very valuable diagnostically and enables the precise diagnosis to be established in the vast majority of patients with coin lesions of the lung in the shortest time possible. Transthoracic needle biopsy, when performed properly, is not a hazardous procedure, that makes it possible to recommend this technic for diagnosing peripheral coin lesions of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Combination of primary lung cancer with extrapulmonary carcinomas].

An analysis is given of 50 observations of lung cancer associated with cancer of other organs. Lung cancer was preceded by cancer of another organ in 33 patients (66%), cancer of another organ developed after lung cancer had been cured--in 6 (12%), and synchronous involvement was noted in II (22%). An average interval between radical surgery for lung cancer and subsequent tumor growth in another organ was 6.2 years. Among patients with synchronous carcinomas the association with laryngeal cancer (4) and cancer of the stomach (4) was most frequently noted. The principles of treatment in patients with synchronous carcinomas are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Adaptational and thyroid homeostasis and the state of fat and carbohydrate metabolism in lung cancer].

An examination of over 100 patients with cancer and benign processes in the lung has demonstrated that the increased hypothalamic threshold to homeostatic inhibition in the adaptation system and a tendency to lowering of this threshold in the thyroid system are typical for lung cancer patients. Disturbances of the carbohydrate metabolism are more frequently observed in lung cancer than lipid metabolism disorders, recognized in approximately 1/5 of all patients. Whereas lipid metabolism disorders in lung cancer patients are more closely than those of carbohydrate metabolism correlated with the state of adaptation and thyroid homeostasis. The data obtained will be compared with the results of the corresponding observations in patients with mammary gland cancer.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

[Evaluation of the surgical and combined treatments of lung cancer].

Ninety six patients with lung cancer metastasizing in regional lymph nodes were clinically examined by randomization method. A half of these patients was subjected only to surgical treatment, the other half was given postoperative radiotherapy. The comparison of the results of the combined and solely surgical treatment of lung cancer patients indicated a greater survival in irradiated patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗