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Biomedical subjects

A S Gilmour

Publications and source records attributed to A S Gilmour.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Evaluating undergraduate preclinical operative skill; use of a glance and grade marking system.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner variability of a panel of examiners using a 'glance and grade' marking system when assessing Class II preparations. METHODS: The examination panel consisted of five university staff with varying clinical and teaching experience. The panel assessed 75 disto-occlusal preparations suitable for restoration with dental amalgam prepared in extracted human premolar teeth. The majority of the preparations were cut by undergraduates in their preclinical year of study and the remainder by an experienced staff member. The panel were blind to the identity of each operator. RESULTS: The study revealed a high degree of both intra- and inter-examiner variability, with some preparations being given a pass on one occasion and a fail on another and vice-versa. In addition, some of the panel, perhaps assuming that the practical exercise had been prepared entirely by undergraduates, were reluctant to award good grades. CONCLUSIONS: The study has highlighted the need for better staff training and a more comprehensive system of assessing preclinical skills.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1998

The polarized light microscopic appearance of caries-like lesions adjacent to restored cavities in the crowns and roots of extracted human teeth.

Longitudinal clinical studies indicate consistently that secondary caries is the major cause of failure of restorations. Recently there has been an increase in the number of fluoride-containing materials coming to the market place and this has renewed the debate about the cariostatic effectiveness of such materials. The present study examined the histologic appearance of caries-like lesions adjacent to a non-fluoride-containing material (amalgam), a low fluoride-containing material (composite) and a moderate fluoride-containing material (glass-ionomer). The artificial caries system used to produce lesions has been previously reported and is a microbial system using Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832. The lesions produced were similar to naturally occurring lesions in many respects, indicating the usefulness of this in vitro technique. Variations in the appearance of lesions were found adjacent to the different materials and the effect of the fluoride contained within two of the materials is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence and depth of artificial caries-like lesions adjacent to cavities prepared in roots and restored with a glass ionomer or a dentin-bonded composite material.

One potential advantage of glass-ionomer materials for the treatment of root caries is their ability to release fluoride and so resist cariogenic attack. A commercially available composite material has also been reported to release fluoride which reduced caries lesions in the tooth tissue adjacent to it. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a conventional glass-ionomer restoration compared with a dentin-bonded, fluoride-releasing, composite restoration when exposed to a microbial artificial caries system. Artificial caries-like lesions produced in relation to the restorations were examined and classified either as outer (surface) lesions or as wall lesions. A split-unit experimental design allowed for within-tooth comparisons of the 2 experimental restorations at different sites on the root surface. These were either totally within the root surface or positioned at the amelo-cemental junction. Outer lesion depths were significantly (p < 0.001) shallower at all sites adjacent to the glass ionomer when compared with the composite restorations. Wall lesions were significantly (p < 0.01) more prevalent adjacent to the composite material. In addition, the cavity margin position significantly (p < 0.05) affected the incidence of wall lesions, particularly in the composite group. In conclusion, glass ionomer was successful in reducing the caries-like lesion production in the adjacent root surface. This resulted from improved marginal integrity and fluoride release from this material when compared with the composite bonding system used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Clinical performance of resin-retained fixed partial dentures bonded with a chemically active luting cement.

A clinical study was undertaken to review resin-retained fixed partial dentures bonded with a chemically active luting cement during a 4-year period. One hundred thirty-seven fixed partial dentures were reviewed of which five had failed because of a nonbonding failure (esthetics, trauma, fracture) and 47 (36%) had failed after a bonding failure, of which 72% were rebonded. The mean time of failure was 10.9 months (SD 9.8). The failure rate appeared to be affected by position, use of a rubber dam, and the fixed partial denture design, although no one factor reached conventional statistical significance.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1993

An in vitro study into the effect of a bacterial artificial caries system on the enamel adjacent to composite and amalgam restorations.

A microbial artificial caries system was used to produce caries-like lesions adjacent to amalgam and composite restorations. Polarised microscopy allowed measurement of outer and wall lesions depths. Comparison was made of the depths found in relation to the restorative materials, margin finishing procedures (composite group), varnish application (amalgam group) and thermal stressing. It was found that differences were detectable between the different restorative materials and the type of margin finishing procedure used in the composite group. Varnish application and thermal stressing had little effect. Some comparison is made between this microbial technique, other artificial caries techniques, and other methods of assessing marginal leakage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Porcelain laminate veneers: a clinical success?

The rapid increase in the use of porcelain veneers is a result of the demand for a minimally invasive, colour and contour stable restoration. However, such restorations are not equally successful in all patients. This article describes the careful treatment planning and patient selection necessary to avoid problems and to ensure that the best result is achieved with porcelain veneers.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric and histological analysis of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Using archival paraffin wax embedded tumour we have investigated histological grade, DNA ploidy, S phase fraction and proliferative index in 74 patients with symptomatic ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. Nine patients developed local recurrence, six invasive in character. No patients with the cribriform subtype of DCIS developed local recurrence. The cribriform subtype showed a significantly lower rate of DNA aneuploidy and a lower proliferative index than the other subtypes. Cribriform tumours were almost exclusively well differentiated in contrast with the comedo and solid variants. Our results suggest the cribriform variant is less aggressive than other subtypes of DCIS. This has possible implications for management of these lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Resin-bonded bridges: a note of caution.

This case report describes a fixed-fixed, resin-bonded bridge which became debonded from one of the two retainers for an extended period. The extent of the resultant carious lesion beneath the debonded retainer underlines the importance of regular examination of these restorations, not only to check for debonding, but also to monitor enamel demineralisation associated with plaque retention around the periphery of the retainers.

Adult↗