Pituitary adenoma-neuronal choristoma (PANCH): cytomorphology on smear preparation.
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Adenoma↗
Biomedical subjects
A S Hegde
Publications and source records attributed to A S Hegde.
Visual pathway glioma presenting as suprasellar mass with extension into the retrosellar region -- a diagnosis by smear preparation.
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Child↗
Alterations in tumour suppressor gene p53 in human gliomas from Indian patients.
Alterations in tumour suppressor p53 gene are the most common defects seen in a variety of human cancers. In order to study the significance of the p53 gene in the genesis and development of human glioma from Indian patients, we checked 44 untreated primary gliomas for mutations in exons 5-9 of the p53 gene by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Sequencing analysis revealed six missense mutations. The incidence of p53 mutations was 13.6% (6 of 44). All the six mutations were found to be located in the central core domain of p53, which carries the sequence-specific DNA-binding domain. These results suggest a rather low incidence but a definite involvement of p53 mutations in the gliomas of Indian patients.
Adolescent↗
Trigeminal evoked potentials in patients with symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia due to intracranial mass lesions.
Trigeminal evoked potentials (TEP) were recorded by electrical stimulation of the lips in 7 patients with symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia due to CT proved mass lesions involving the trigeminal nerve. All the patients showed TEP abnormalities on the affected side. Chronic compression and irritation of the trigeminal nerve may be responsible for these changes. The results obtained were compared with other similar studies and TEP abnormalities observed in idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. As all the patients had unequivocal compression of the trigeminal nerve and all of them had TEP changes, it can be concluded that TEP abnormality is an accurate predictor of trigeminal nerve compression. TEPs may be a valuable aid in demonstrating a compressive element in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.
Brain Neoplasms↗
Subdural fluid collections following transcortical approach to intra- or paraventricular tumours.
Subdural fluid collections appeared in 15 cases (39%) after removal of 38 intra- and paraventricular tumours in the third or lateral ventricle through 18 frontal and 20 parietal transcortical approaches. Transient fluid collections which disappeared within 2 weeks occurred in 6 cases (16%) and persistent ones in 9 cases (24%). Four of the 9 cases (11%) of collections required surgical treatment because of positive clinical signs and symptoms. Two cases had expansive fluid collections and the other two contained subdural haematomas at surgery. The risk factors likely to contribute to a persistent collection were preoperative ventriculomegaly (frontal horn index greater than 0.38) and a frontal transcortical approach. A symptomatic collection should be considered as a potential complication of the transcortical approach to intraventricular tumours and some methods should be devised to prevent it when intra- or paraventricular tumours with ventriculomegaly are removed.
Adolescent↗
Evaluation of brainstem auditory evoked responses in congenital hydrocephalus.
Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were studied in 20 children with clinically diagnosed and CT-confirmed congenital hydrocephalus before and after shunt surgery. Ninety-five percent of the children showed abnormal responses preoperatively. Prolonged wave V latency was the most common abnormality, followed by increased interwave latencies. Total absence of evoked responses was more common in children with communicating hydrocephalus. Following shunt surgery 50% of cases returned to normal and 20% showed a significant improvement. Abnormalities persisted in 10% of cases. BAER abnormalities referrable to caudal brainstem dysfunction recovered first, following CSF diversion. Study of BAER is useful for identifying physiological brainstem abnormalities in hydrocephalic children and promises to be a sensitive non-invasive diagnostic tool for the detection of "non-infective complications" of shunt surgery, if performed serially during follow up.
Brain Stem↗
Brain abscess in children.
During that last 6 years, 100 children have been treated for brain abscess at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore. Of these, 69 abscesses were otogenic. The treatment included aspiration of the abscess (84% of cases) and antibiotic therapy. CT scan as a diagnostic tool was available only for a few cases in the last year. In 16% of the cases the abscess was excised. The overall mortality was 21%. Of the surviving children, 76% recovered totally. Epilepsy as a sequel occurred in 21% of the cases. The fact that mortality continues to be high is attributed to the degree of impairment of consciousness of the children at the time of admission. Early detection and successful treatment of brain abscess in children still remain a clinical challenge.
Adolescent↗