PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A S Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to A S Wolf.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[The overweight and underweight girl: from findings to prevention].

Both preponderance as well as underweight normally starts in childhood and puberty and hurt the fate of young women mostly a life long. Weight and fat tissue as an energy storage regulates through the hormone Leptin appetite, food intake and therefore the energy reserves. With this hormone exist a common pathophysiological regulation unit, which causes in case of preponderance an increased, in case of underweight a decreased cyclus activity. Besides short term influences (like the development of the PCO-syndrome and/or fatigue fractures) the long-term consequences especially the accumulation of the visceral fat, the cardio-vascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, type-II-diabetes, mammary- and endometrial carcinoma play a special role. On the other hand chronic underweight very frequently leads through chronic estrogen defect to osteopenia, osteoporosis and therefore to cyclus disturbances, sterility and osteoporosis. A simple finding like weight, has thus an important predictive quality for later illnesses and their prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

PALML, a novel paralemmin-related gene mapping on human chromosome 1p21.

We describe PALML, a novel gene encoding a 551 amino acid protein with similarity to paralemmin and the paralemmin-like amino terminal domain of AKAP2, a protein kinase A anchor protein. PALML mRNA is expressed in many tissues and is most abundant in cardiac and skeletal muscle, while absent from brain and blood. Exogenously expressed PALML fusion protein has a widespread cytoplasmic localization, and it is excluded from the nucleus. Human PALML maps on human chromosome 1p21 (between D1S2767 and D1S223). SSCP-HD analysis of exonic sequences in patients with VUR (familial non-syndromic vesicoureteral reflux syndrome) excluded mutations in the PALML gene from causing this disease. PALML, paralemmin and AKAP2 share the presence of a conserved coiled coil region that may mediate protein interactions with shared partners. Based on its resemblance to paralemmin and AKAP2, PALML is hypothesized to be involved in regulating intracellular signaling and membrane-cytoskeletal interactions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

[Obesity--significance in adolescence and for reproduction].

According to the actual knowledge obesity is a serious, nutrition-dependent pathology with a high number of consequences. Endocrine sequence of obesity such as PCO-HAIR-syndrome (polycystic ovarian syndrome, hyperandrogenemia-insulin-resistance) with its cycle disorders and sterility are beginning already in adolescent and women of young reproductive age. With ageing more serious risks such as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), arteriosclerosis followed by coronary disease, stroke and hypertension, metabolic syndrome and a higher prevalence of malignant diseases will appear. Based on these five risks obesity should be treated early when therapeutic strategies are more successful than in older ages. The definition of a diagnosis and the beginning of a weight reduction programme combined with intense motivating treatment as well as medical and psychotherapeutic guidance is an important preventive contribution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Agonadism in two sisters with XY gonosomal constitution, mental retardation, short stature, severely retarded bone age, and multiple extragenital malformations: a new autosomal recessive syndrome.

We report on 12- and 14-year old sisters with a 46, XY chromosome constitution, normal female external genitalia, and absence of gonadal tissue. Except for omphalocele, right renal agenesis and malrotation of the colon in the elder sister, the internal organs were normal. Both were mentally retarded, of short stature, and had extremely retarded bone age. In addition, they had an almost identical pattern of minor anomalies: peculiar face, hypodontia, short neck, inverted nipples, thoracolumbar scoliosis, "dysplastic" hips, partial clino-/syndactyly of toes. The occurrence of a basically similar set of malformations in two sisters and the first cousin consanguinity of the parents suggests autosomal recessive inheritance. The conserved region of the SRY gene ([high mobility group] HMG box) was sequenced in the elder sib and was normal. No consistent malformations are observed at present in agonadal patients. This supports the idea that several autosomal genes have the potential of influencing the sequence of events of sex determination.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

[Hormonal changes in aging from the viewpoint of the gynecologist].

The major relevant age-related changes that take place in women are caused by estrogen deficiency of rapid onset. This deficiency results in such changes as vaginal and vulval atrophy, atrophic urethrocystitis, breast flabbiness, thinning of the skin and its appendages, and also the severe metabolic changes like osteoporosis and cardiovascular disorders. All of these changes, in concert or alone, are capable of impairing a woman's sex life. Numerous genital complaints can be eliminated by local treatment with estriol cream, estriol vaginal suppositories, or systemic estriol. For the successful treatment of pronounced menopausal symptoms and the prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disorders, estrogens at medium, so-called replacement, doses, given in combination with progestagen, are applied sequentially.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Tube-preserving endoscopic surgical procedures in unruptured tubal pregnancy. What significance does laser use have?].

Between 1985 and 1989 115 non-ruptured tubal pregnancies were operated upon, using a pelviscope and preserving of the tube. For the purpose of prophylactic haemostasis 2,5 I.U. ornipressin (Por 8) were injected into the mesosalpinx. The tube was opened (linear salpingotomy) by using various instruments. This method was used in 49 patients by means of the thermocoagulator and hooked scissors; with the remaining 66 patients the following laser systems were employed: CO2-laser (n = 13); Nd: YAG-laser by the contact method (n = 22); argon-laser (n = 31). No intraoperative complications were noted. Postoperative rebleeding occurred in three patients requiring subsequent treatment, and pelviscopy had to be repeated in two patients, because of incompletely removed trophoblastic tissue. The tubal condition (patency; occurrence of adhesion) was checked in 53 (47%) of the patients by means of hysterosalpingography (n = 15) or second-look pelviscopy (n = 38). Tubal patency/peritubal adhesion were found after conventional surgery in 64%/55% of the controlled cases and after laser salpingotomy in 90%/11%, respectively. Summing up, we can say, that the various laser systems are suitable for operating non-ruptured pregnancies due to their accurate incision and simultaneously coagulating effect. Due to the lower postoperative tubal occlusion rate and lower tendency to adhesion, it appears, that the laser systems are superior to the conventional endoscopy instruments, although the rate of complications was highest after CO2-laser application.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pelviscopic use of the CO2 laser in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome].

Nineteen infertile women with the typical clinical and endocrinological features of polycystic ovarian disease underwent laparoscopic CO2-Laser vaporization of the ovaries. Before laser treatment, six patients were amenorrhoeic, oligomenorrhea and monophasic temperature charts were observed in the remaining group. All were non-responsive to clomiphene citrate treatment. By contrast 80% of the postoperative cycles showed a bisphasic temperature pattern and high progesterone levels indicative of ovulation. Eight pregnancies were achieved in 7 patients. Measurement of basal hormone levels before and after the operation revealed a decline of androgens (androstendione: präop.: 2.77 +/- 1.0 ng/ml, postop.: 2.16 +/- 0.68 ng/ml, p less than 0.05).

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1990

[Linear salpingotomy in the treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy. Animal experiment study, comparison of 3 laser systems (CO2, Nd:YAG contact, argon)].

The efficacy of three different laser systems for linear salpingotomy was tested in an animal model. For that purpose, the uterus horns of 22 white New Zealand rabbits were incised with the CO2-Laser, the Nd: YAG contact laser and the argon laser using the "bare fiber" technique. The length of uterotomy was between twice and three times of the diameter of the uterine horn. Secondary healing of the incision site was investigated macroscopically (patency, fistulas, formation of adhesions) and microscopically (quantity and quality of the scars) six weeks after the operation. Despite the different primary tissue effect of the laser systems we did not find any significant difference in our postoperative controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[LH episodes in high performance sports].

For the elucidation of hypothalamic factors, which predominantly cause exercise-amenorrhea 10 untrained and 6 trained volunteers were experimentally tested during 6 hours of rest (R) and 2 hours long distance run (E). The exercise exerted several physical and metabolic demands, leading to increment of LH pulse frequently mainly in trained women (interpulse-interval IPI, R: 104 +/- 50, E: 78.8 +/- 33), due to unaltered beta-endorphin (R: 6.4 +/- 2, E: 6.5 +/- 1.5) and augmented norepinephrine (R: 462 +/- 275, E: 1267 +/- 773 pg/ml). In untrained subjects LH pulses decreased in frequency, as a consequence of increased beta-E and NE (R: 6 +/- 3, E: 12.2 +/- 7.4 pg/ml) (R: 432 +/- 208, E: 947 +/- 473).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Endocrine dynamics during pulsatile GnRH administration in patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea and polycystic ovarian disease.

The LH secretory patterns and ovarian endocrine responses have been determined during pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration for induction of ovulation in patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA). However, until now these endocrine dynamics during GnRH therapy have not been thoroughly investigated in patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Seven patients with HA and 4 patients with PCOD have therefore been studied to determine changes in LH pulsatile activity and in serum sex steroid levels in response to chronic intermittent GnRH stimulation. GnRH was administered intravenously (5-10 micrograms/90 minutes) by means of a portable infusion pump. Blood samples were obtained at 15-minute intervals for 4 hours on the day before the start of GnRH stimulation (control day) and on treatment days 5, 10 and 15. LH was determined in all samples and FSH, serum androgens and estrogens were measured in baseline samples by RIA. While 8 (62%) ovulations and 5 conceptions were observed in 13 treatment cycles in patients with HA, no ovulations were achieved during 9 treatment cycles in patients with PCOD. On the control day significantly (p less than 0.05) higher basal LH and testosterone (T) levels and significantly (p less than 0.05) lower FSH levels were found in the PCOD patients. The LH pulsatile profiles of the PCOD patients showed significantly (p less than 0.05) higher pulse amplitudes and areas under the curve (integrated responses). Pulsatile GnRH administration induced a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in LH pulse amplitudes in both HA and PCOD patients, and also increased (p less than 0.05) the integrated responses in patients with HA. During the GnRH stimulation, the LH interpulse intervals of both HA and PCOD patients were found to be similar to the frequency in which exogenous GnRH was administered. FSH levels rose continuously (p less than 0.001) during stimulation in patients with HA, but remained unchanged in patients with PCOD. In HA patients, T, androstenedione (AD) and estrone (E1) did not change during the GnRH treatment, but estradiol (E2) rose so that the ratios of aromatized estrogens to non-aromatized androgens (E1/AD, E2/T) increased. In contrast, T and AD increased significantly (p less than 0.05 or less) and E2 remained unchanged during stimulations in PCOD patients, which resulted in decreasing ratios of estrogens to androgens. These observations confirm that pulsatile GnRH administration can successfully induce ovulation in patients with HA by restoring the ovarian physiology. The data also demonstrate that pulsatile GnRH administration can influence the LH secretory patterns in PCOD patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Psychiatry and the criminal justice system: testing the myths.

Several states are changing legislation and treatment programs for mentally ill offenders without knowing how current laws and programs operate. To address this problem the authors linked data from police records, court reports, and clinical files for 2,735 psychiatric referrals from the criminal justice system of Alaska from 1977 through 1981. They found that only 0.2%-2.0% of all schizophrenic persons in the community were arrested for violent crimes each year, accounting for 1.1%-2.3% of all arrests for violent crimes; that psychiatrists agreed about competency and responsibility in 79% of the cases evaluated by more than one clinician; and that a successful insanity defense occurred in 0.1% or less of all criminal cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Calcitonin secretion by human placental tissue.

We have investigated the synthesis in vitro of calcitonin (CT) by human placenta at term. Separate placental tissue samples were incubated in culture medium with various Ca concentrations for 6 h. The CT concentrations in the medium were determined by radio-immunoassay. In addition the effect of DB-cAMP on the synthesis was also studied. We could demonstrate CT secretion in all experiments. The CT concentrations were determined by two different antibodies. Both antibodies registered the CT secretion. Addition of DB-cAMP to the culture medium stimulates the synthesis.

Bucladesine↗