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Biomedical subjects

A Sadeghi

Publications and source records attributed to A Sadeghi.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy with brushing cytology and biopsy in upper gastrointestinal lesions.

Because of the high rate of diagnostic error with routine barium X-ray studies in detection of upper gastroesophageal lesions, a prospective investigation was undertaken to evaluate endoscopy together with brushing cytology and biopsy. Ninety-nine patients with recurrent upper gastrointestinal symptoms were examined during a two year period. Thirty-seven patients had cancer and 62 had benign ulcers as diagnosed by cytology and histopathology. All patients with diagnosis of carcinoma were correctly diagnosed by a combination of the above studies as proven by subsequent surgical exploration of all 37 patients. In the benign group, 23 patients were confirmed by exploratory laparotomy and 16 patients by following up for at least 2 years with upper GI series and/or endoscopy. The highest degree of accuracy in the diagnosis of cancer was achieved by cytology alone (92% of cases) and lowest by barium study of upper gastrointestinal tract (84% of cases). Although the accuracy of endoscopy in detecting cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract was 86 per cent, 15 per cent of benign ulcers were falsely called neoplastic by this technique. It is concluded that endoscopy with brushing cytology and biopsy is an effective diagnostic tool in distinguishing benign lesions from malignant neoplasms and can be performed with little risk to the patient.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Present status of human cardiac allografts and prospects for xenografts.

Cardiac allotransplantation is no longer experimental. It is the standard by which all other methods of cardiac replacement must be judged. The dramatic improvement in survival and the quality of life of cardiac transplant recipients reflects many factors including refined criteria for patient and donor selection, as well as the clinical introduction of cyclosporine. Current contraindications to the procedure include: 1) age greater than 65 years, 2) active infection, 3) active malignant neoplastic disease, 4) recent pulmonary embolus or infarction, 5) irreversible renal or hepatic failure, and 6) fixed elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance. The introduction of cyclosporine has been accompanied by an increase in the 1 year survival. While the use of cyclosporine has not decreased the incidence of rejection episodes, it has dramatically decreased their severity. In addition, the incidence and severity of infectious complications, as well as the length of hospitalization, have been decreased with the introduction of cyclosporine. Despite the progress made, several problems remain in the management of transplant recipients. Chronic cyclosporine therapy has been associated with a disturbingly high incidence of hypertension and renal impairment, and a low, yet significant, incidence of malignant neoplasms. However, the most significant obstacle to successful clinical cardiac transplantation is the scarcity of donor organs. Many centers now report that the mortality rate for patients awaiting transplantation exceeds the mortality associated with the procedure itself. Donor scarcity has led to renewed interest in the development of mechanical cardiac devices and investigation into cross-species transplantation (xenotransplantation).

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Positive association of opium addiction and cancer of the bladder. Results of urine cytology in 3,500 opium addicts.

In order to prove the association of opium addiction and cancer of the bladder, an extensive prospective case-control study with urine cytology in all registered opium addicts of Fars province in southern Iran was started in 1975. The urine cytology of the first 3,500 registered opium addicts revealed 15 cases of transitional cell carcinoma, and no cancer was detected among the 1,750 control cases. The crude incidence rate of bladder carcinoma in the general population over 20 years of age in Fars province is 6.6 per 100,000 males per year. The incidence rate among the opium addicts exceeded our expectations; thus, we decided to report the preliminary results of this study. The role of opium as a carcinogen in the bladder and the need for further investigation are discussed. The results of this study strongly suggest the use of routine urine cytology for opium addicts and long-term users of opiate alkaloid for the early detection of carcinoma of the bladder.

Adult↗