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A Saifuddin

Publications and source records attributed to A Saifuddin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Whole spine MRI in the assessment of acute vertebral body trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and types of multilevel vertebral body injury in association with acute spinal trauma as assessed by whole spine MRI. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: All acute admissions to a regional spinal injury unit had whole spine MRI carried out, to detect occult vertebral body injury. Two radiologists assessed 127 cases prospectively, over a period of 3 years. All cases had T2-weighted sagittal imaging of the whole spine (where possible using a T2-weighted fat-suppressed sequence), with T1-weighted imaging in both sagittal and axial planes covering the primary injury. The incidence of secondary injury (defined as either bone bruising, wedge compression fracture or burst fracture) was determined and defined by type, site and relationship to the primary injury. RESULTS: Seventy-seven per cent of cases had a secondary injury level. Of these, bone bruising was the commonest but often occurred in combination with secondary wedge compression fracture or burst fracture. MRI detected 27 non-contiguous wedge compression fractures and 16 non-contiguous burst fractures, giving an incidence of secondary level, non-contiguous fracture of approximately 34%. CONCLUSION: A higher frequency of secondary vertebral body injury may be defined by MRI than has been described in previous studies based on radiographic evaluation of the whole spine. Whole spine MRI in assessment for occult vertebral body fracture enables increased confidence in the conservative or surgical management of patients with severe spinal injury.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: use of MRI to guide needle biopsy.

AIM: To describe the use of MRI to identify and biopsy areas of dedifferentiation in patients with a suspected diagnosis of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Low-grade chondrosarcoma is characterized at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as having a lobulate, hyperintense appearance on T2-weighted spin-echo sequences. T2-weighted MR images were assessed in 15 patients with a final pathological diagnosis of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma for regions of atypical reduced signal intensity. Information regarding the site of ultrasound or computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy was available in 10 cases. RESULTS: Nine patients were male and six female with a mean age of 60 years (range 25-77 years). The sites involved were the distal femur (n+4) pelvis (n=3) proximal femur (n=4) femoral diaphysis (n=1) proximal humerus (n=2) and proximal tibia (n=1). The dedifferentiated component consisted of osteosarcoma (n=5) malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n=6) spindle cell sarcoma (n=1) leiomyosarcoma (n=1) and pleomorphic sarcoma (n=1). In 14 of the 15 cases, areas of lower signal intensity lacking in lobulation were identified. In nine of the 10 cases, biopsy site included such areas and yielded high-grade sarcoma. CONCLUSIONS: Dedifferentiation within chondrosarcoma may be identified on T2-weighted MRI as areas of reduced signal intensity. These areas should be the preferred site of biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

MRI of the axial skeletal manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable tool in the imaging and assessment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. MRI can demonstrate the acute and chronic changes of sacroiliitis, osteitis, discovertebral lesions, disc calcifications and ossification and arthopathic lesions, which characterize the disease, as well as the complications, which include fracture and the rare cauda equina syndrome. This article reviews the range of MRI findings commonly seen within the axial skeleton in patients with this condition.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2004

Imaging of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae.

Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) are a common finding in the general population. Their clinical significance is controversial with no consensus as to their relationship to low back pain or disc prolapse. However, on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) they may be difficult to positively identify on sagittal sequences and can lead to confusion with respect to numbering of lumbar discs and vertebrae, with the consequent risk of surgical intervention at an inappropriate level. The imaging findings of LSTV on plain radiography and MRI are reviewed and their clinical significance discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Vertebral osteomyelitis without disc involvement.

Vertebral osteomyelitis is most commonly due to pyogenic or granulomatous infection and typically results in the combined involvement of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. Non-infective causes include the related conditions of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) and SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) syndrome. Occasionally, these conditions may present purely within the vertebral body, resulting in various combinations of vertebral marrow oedema and sclerosis, destructive lesions of the vertebral body and pathological vertebral collapse, thus mimicking neoplastic disease. This review illustrates the imaging features of vertebral osteomyelitis without disc involvement, with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Assessment of vertebral scalloping in neurofibromatosis type 1 with plain radiography and MRI.

AIM: To evaluate vertebral scalloping in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) and spinal deformity using plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to determine the possible aetiological association with neurofibromas, dural ectasia and lateral meningocoeles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with NF-1, who had full spine radiographs and whole-spine MRI, were retrospectively reviewed. Dystrophic features and their relationship to the curve were recorded from radiographs. A comparison was then made between the dystrophic features evident on radiographs and adjacent soft-tissue abnormalities identified on MRI. RESULTS: Dystrophic changes were documented in 16 patients on plain radiographs and in all patients on MRI. Rib pencilling was the most common finding on radiographs. In 80% of the cases with scoliosis, scalloping was seen on the concavity of the curvature. In all patients with kyphoscoliosis, scalloping was contiguous to the apex of kyphosis. Twenty-four areas of scalloping were identified on MRI. Scalloping usually developed in the concavity of the scoliotic curve or at levels unrelated to the curve. Scalloping was evident in combination with dural ectasia or neurofibroma in 15 cases. The presence of dural ectasia was confirmed in 75% of the cases of posterior scalloping and in 25% of those of lateral scalloping. The presence of neurofibromas was recognized in 25% of the cases of anterior or lateral scalloping. Dural ectasia was identified in two patients without associated scalloping. Lateral meningocoeles were not related to the development of scalloping. CONCLUSION: Whereas posterior scalloping was commonly associated with dural ectasia, anterior and lateral scalloping were commonly the result of primary mesodermal dysplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

MRI of osteonecrosis.

Osteonecrosis is a relatively common condition, which may be idiopathic or secondary to a variety of clinical situations. It may involve the subarticular region of a joint, when it is commonly referred to as ischaemic necrosis, or the metaphyseal regions of long bones, when it is referred to as bone infarction. In both situations, early lesions may be radiographically occult. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very sensitive in identifying and characterizing osteonecrosis. This review illustrates the varied MRI features of osteonecrosis that enable a confident diagnosis to be made. Complications and differential diagnosis are also considered.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2003

Imaging of intra-articular osteoid osteoma.

Intra-articular osteoid osteoma accounts for approximately 13% of all osteoid osteomas and presents as a monoarthropathy. Radiographs commonly do not identify the nidus, and in this event, MRI is likely to be the next imaging investigation. MRI may show a variety of appearances depending upon the age of the lesion. This article illustrates the imaging features of intra-articular osteoid osteoma, with emphasis on MRI. CT remains the investigation of choice for identifying the nidus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Axial loaded MRI of the lumbar spine.

Magnetic resonance imaging is established as the technique of choice for assessment of degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine. However, it is routinely performed with the patient supine and the hips and knees flexed. The absence of axial loading and lumbar extension results in a maximization of spinal canal dimensions, which may in some cases, result in failure to demonstrate nerve root compression. Attempts have been made to image the lumbar spine in a more physiological state, either by imaging with flexion-extension, in the erect position or by using axial loading. This article reviews the literature relating to the above techniques.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2003

MRI of Paget's disease of bone.

Paget's disease is a relatively common condition in the elderly population and is not uncommonly seen as an incidental finding on imaging studies, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is important, therefore, for the radiologist to be aware of the MRI manifestations of the condition, so as not to mistake it for more sinister pathology. MRI can also be used to investigate the various complications of Paget's disease, particularly sarcomatous degeneration. This review describes the appearances of uncomplicated Paget's disease during its different pathological stages and in the setting of its various complications.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Paget's disease of the spine: unusual features and complications.

Paget's disease of bone is a common disorder, with the spine being involved in over 50% of cases. This pictorial review illustrates unusual features and complications of the disease as related to the spine. Unusual features include location in the atlanto-axial region, lytic vertebral Paget's disease and Pagetic ankylosis. Complications related to the spine are mainly neurological due to spinal stenosis, compression fractures and sarcomatous degeneration

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Pictorial review: MRI of chronic spinal cord injury.

Patients who have suffered a spinal cord injury and who demonstrate new or changing clinical features such as increasing myelopathy, ascending neurological level, pain or increasing muscle spasms may have developed a late complication such as post-traumatic syrinx. MRI is the investigation of choice for assessment of chronic spinal cord injury. The aim of this pictorial review is to illustrate the various late appearances of the injured spinal cord.

Atrophy↗
PubMed2002

The prevalence of spinal trauma associated with brachial plexus injuries.

Severe closed traction lesions to the adult brachial plexus are caused by high energy transfer injuries, in which injuries to other systems are common. Of the 149 patients urgently operated on for lesions of the brachial plexus between 1 June 1997 and 1999, 18 (12%) suffered significant injury to the spinal column. Accurate diagnosis of the spinal injury was made in 13 cases of these before transfer to our unit.The injury to the spine was not necessarily a contraindication to urgent exploration of the brachial plexus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

MRI of the post-discectomy lumbar spine.

Laminectomy and discectomy are common procedures in the management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation. Complications of such surgery include recurrent/residual disc herniation, epidural scar formation, discitis, arachnoiditis and pseudo-meningocele. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI is the technique of choice for investigating recurrent symptoms following discectomy. This article reviews the normal early and late post-laminectomy MR appearances, as well as the pathological findings associated with the above-mentioned complications.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed2002

Ultrasound diagnosis of shoulder congruity in chronic obstetric brachial plexus palsy.

Ultrasound (US) was used to determine the congruity of the shoulder in 22 children with a deformity of the shoulder secondary to chronic obstetric brachial plexus palsy. There were 11 boys and 11 girls with a mean age of 4.75 years (0.83 to 13.92). The shoulder was scanned in the axial plane using a posterior approach with the arm internally rotated. The humeral head was classified as being either congruent or incongruent. The US appearance was compared with that on clinical examination and related to the intraoperative findings. All 17 shoulders diagnosed as incongruent on US were found to be incongruent at operation, whereas three diagnosed as congruent by US were found to be incongruent at operation. The diagnostic accuracy of US for the identification of shoulder incongruity was 82% when compared with the findings at surgery. US is a valuable, but not infallible tool, for the detection of incongruity of the shoulder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

MRI of acute spinal trauma.

The clinician managing patients who have suffered trauma to the spine requires several questions answered from imaging studies. In the acute stage, a full assessment of the complete injury to the bony, ligamentous, disc and neural tissues will determine the stability of the injury and help decide the nature of clinical management, either conservative or surgical, and also help in determining the surgical approach. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is established as a vital imaging technique and can answer many of the questions posed above. The purpose of this article is to review the current status of MRI in the assessment of acute spinal trauma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Magnetic resonance imaging of scoliosis.

The introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly improved the evaluation of patients with scoliosis allowing assessment of any underlying intraspinal abnormalities. The aim of this pictorial review is to illustrate the magnetic resonance appearances of various abnormalities encountered when imaging developmental spinal deformity. Redla, S.et al. (2001). Clinical Radiology56, 360-371.

Adolescent↗