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Biomedical subjects

A Saifuddin

Publications and source records attributed to A Saifuddin.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Bone marrow blood supply in gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

A retrospective study was performed to determine whether bone blood supply can be assessed on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 49 patients attending for post-laminectomy examination were reviewed (30 male, 19 female, mean age 46.4 years, age range 23-84 years). Each study included sagittal T1-weighted spin echo sequences before and after gadolinium administration. Regions of interest were drawn within the L3 vertebral body from a parasagittal slice from each sequence. Signal intensity (SI) values were ascertained and the percentage increase in SI was calculated. For each patient, changes in receiver gain for pre- and post-gadolinium images were corrected by an image scaling factor. In all cases, a measurable increase in SI was found (mean 15.3%, range 4.4-55.7) due to bone vascularity. The results give no indication of the quantity or timing of blood supply but provide a basis for further work.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging of septic sacroiliitis.

Five cases of septic sacroiliitis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are presented. Imaging was performed between 2 and 14 days after onset of symptoms and consisted of varying combinations of coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR), axial T2-weighted spin echo (SE), and coronal and axial pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted SE scans. Abnormalities included demonstration of sacroiliac joint effusions, bone oedema and adjacent inflammation as high signal on STIR and T2-weighted SE scans, and identification of abscesses in two cases as rim-enhancing lesions anterior to the joint on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted SE scans. The role of MRI and other forms of imaging in septic sacroiliitis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Longitudinal stress fractures of the tibia: MRI features in two cases.

Longitudinal stress fractures of the tibia are a recognized but unusual finding in long distance runners. Two cases are presented in which the diagnosis on plain films and scintigraphy (in one case) was not evident. Both patients were referred for MRI. Coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences demonstrated extensive hyperintense longitudinal intramedullary signal changes in the tibia. T1-weighted spin-echo scans showed corresponding but less extensive regions of reduced signal intensity. In one case, enhancement of this area was seen following i.v. dimeglumine-gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA). Adjacent soft-tissue abnormality and periosteal reaction was seen in one case but in neither patient was a fracture line identified. Thin section CT with sagittal reformats demonstrated an irregular intracortical longitudinal lucent fracture line which was distinct from the nutrient foramen, establishing the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Is it worth doing barium enemas on patients with unexplained iron deficiency anaemia?

The incidence on double contrast barium enema (DCBE) of carcinomas and polyps > 1 cm in size was compared in 92 patients with iron deficiency anaemia and a group of randomly obtained non-anaemic controls. In the anaemic group there were eight carcinomas and four polyps, and in the control group two carcinomas and no polyps. The incidence of neoplasms in the anaemic group (13.0%) was significantly greater than in the control group (1.6%). The incidence of neoplasms in iron-deficient males was 19% compared with 9% in females. The presence of bowel symptoms or weight loss were not found to be significant. This study confirms the value of DCBE in investigating patients with unexplained iron deficiency anaemia even in the absence of bowel symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Prone oblique positioning for computed tomographic arthrography of the shoulder.

Computed tomographic arthrography (CTA) of the shoulder is currently the best investigation of the unstable shoulder. 47 patients had CTA in the prone oblique position to assess its ability to demonstrate both anterior and posterior capsular mechanisms simultaneously. The first five patients were also scanned supine oblique to allow direct comparison with the prone oblique position. All studies were reviewed retrospectively by three musculoskeletal radiologists with regard to how well the relevant structures were demonstrated. In the prone oblique position, the anterior capsule was well shown in 98%, anterior labrum 98%, posterior capsule 91%, posterior labrum 89%, subscapularis tendon 98%, biceps tendon 100% and biceps tendon proximal insertion 78%. In 86% of cases both anterior and posterior structures were well seen simultaneously. In the five cases that also had supine imaging the prone oblique images were superior. The cause of poor demonstration of structures was invariably insufficient intraarticular air. It is concluded that the prone oblique is an excellent technique for CTA of the shoulder and should become the standard position for assessing shoulder instability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of MR and CT scanning in severe acute pancreatitis: initial experiences.

Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 1.0 T in seven patients with severe acute pancreatitis. A T2-weighted spin echo sequence and a breath-hold multislice rapid gradient echo sequence (TurboFLASH) were used in each patient. TurboFLASH imaging was performed before and after intravenous gadopentetate-dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA). All MRI images were compared with a recent contrast-enhanced CT scan. Postgadolinium MRI was equivalent to contrast-enhanced CT in differentiating viable pancreatic parenchyma from areas of pancreatic necrosis. MRI identified the presence of gas in a case of pancreatic abscess but failed to identify small foci of pancreatic calcification demonstrated in one case by CT. MRI was also equivalent to CT in assessing the location and extent of peripancreatic inflammatory changes and fluid collections. However, MRI, particularly the T2-weighted spin echo, was superior to CT in characterizing the complex nature of such inflammatory changes in one case. Initial experience suggests that MRI is a valuable technique in assessing patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia--a review of pre- and postoperative chest radiology.

The clinical and pre- and postoperative radiographic features of 63 babies who presented with congenital (Bochdalek) diaphragmatic hernias were reviewed. Fifty-five babies presented in the neonatal period and eight in later childhood. For neonatal presenters, the preoperative radiographic features were typical in all cases but one (presented with persistent right pleural effusion). Features associated with a poorer prognosis included the presence of a contralateral pneumothorax, absence of contralateral aerated lung and an intrathoracic site for the stomach. Identification of ipsilateral aerated lung was associated with survival in all cases. Typical postoperative features included an ipsilateral pneumothorax, gradual expansion of the lung, gradual elevation of the hemidiaphragm and pleural effusion. Follow-up films demonstrated reduced vascularity in the ipsilateral lung which was commonly smaller than the contralateral lung. The postoperative radiographic features for delayed presenters differed in that lung expansion was usually complete on the first postoperative radiograph and there was no radiographic evidence of pulmonary vascular hypoplasia.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1992

Primary malignant localized fibrous tumours of the pleura: clinical, radiological and pathological features.

Localized fibrous tumours of the pleura are rare primary pleural tumours that may exhibit malignant behaviour in approximately 20% of cases. The clinical, radiological and pathological features of five patients with malignant localized fibrous tumours of the pleura are presented. Clinical symptoms included chest pain, breathlessness and cough. Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) occurred in one patient. Chest radiographs and thoracic computed tomography (CT) demonstrated large necrotic masses, with focal calcification and compressive atelectasis of the underlying lung. Histological features were variable and resulted in designation of these tumours as localized fibrous tumours of the pleura of low or high grade malignancy. The grading of malignancy did not correlate with final outcome, adequacy of surgical excision being the most important factor. These tumours have been referred to as benign pleural fibromas or localized mesotheliomas, but these names are inaccurate and the term localized fibrous tumour of the pleura is to be preferred. This term should also include tumours such as malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Case report: computed tomography demonstration of renal papillary necrosis.

Renal papillary necrosis has been diagnosed by intravenous urography and ultrasound, but no reports of the computed tomographic (CT) features have been published. We describe a case of renal papillary necrosis in a diabetic patient suspected on CT and confirmed by intravenous urography. CT demonstrated small kidneys, 'ring shadows' in the medullae, contrast filled clefts in the renal parenchyma and renal pelvic filling defects. In patients with poor renal function where intravenous urography may be difficult, CT may demonstrate necrotic papillae allowing the diagnosis of renal papillary necrosis to be made.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

The radiology of Askin tumours.

The Askin tumour is a highly malignant primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) of the chest wall occurring in children and young adults. We describe three cases to illustrate the clinical and radiological aspects of this tumour, which are not well documented. Patients present with a chest wall mass, pain and constitutional symptoms. Radiology demonstrates a large soft tissue chest wall mass, local rib erosion and pleural effusion. Recurrence tends to be local chest wall, pulmonary or skeletal. The prognosis is poor. Askin tumours must be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall masses in children and young adults.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1983

Immunoglobulin content of the endometrium in women with endometriosis.

A study of the immunoglobulin content of endometria from women with and without endometriosis has shown that, in women with endometriosis, both IgG and IgA are more commonly found in the interstitium of the endometrial stroma than is the case in endometria from women without this disease. It is thought that the increased stromal content of immunoglobulins in endometriosis is simply a passive reflection of elevated serum IgG and IgA levels. Both the incidence and extent of positive endometrial glandular epithelial staining for IgG and IgA are markedly increased in women with endometriosis: the excess of intraepithelial IgA is probably simply a consequence of the excess of stromal IgA, but the increased epithelial staining for IgG lends support to the concept that many women with endometriosis develop autoantibodies directed against an endometrial epithelial antigen. No relationship could be demonstrated, however, between IgG deposition in the endometrium of women with endometriosis and a history of infertility.

Endometriosis↗