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A Saletti

Publications and source records attributed to A Saletti.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluation of acute perihematomal regional apparent diffusion coefficient abnormalities by diffusion-weighted imaging.

In this study, we investigated 40 patients (18 male, 22 female; mean age = 64.5 +/- 11.0; GCS = 9 to 14) with acute supratentorial spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) at admission by using a 1-tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) unit equipped for single-shot echo-planar spin-echo isotropic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. All DWI studies were obtained within 48 hours after symptom onset. Regional apparent diffusion coefficient (rADC) values were measured in 3 different regions of interest (ROIs) drawn freehand on the T2-weighted images at b 0 s/mm2 on every section in which hematoma was visible: 1) the perihematomal hyperintense area; 2) 1 cm of normal appearing brain tissue surrounding the perilesional hyperintense rim; 3) an area mirroring the region including the clot and perihematomal hyperintense area placed in the contralateral hemisphere. rADC mean values were higher in perihematomal hyperintense and in contralateral than in normal appearing areas (p < 0.001), with increased rADC mean levels in all regions examined. Our findings show that rADC values indicative of vasogenic edema were present in the perihematomal area and in normal appearing brain tissue located both ipsilateral and contralateral to the hematoma, with lower levels in non-injured areas located in the T2 hyperintense rim around the clot.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed2005

Assessment of acute spontaneous intracerebral hematoma by CT perfusion imaging.

A single-section deconvolution-derived computerized tomographic perfusion imaging was performed in 45 patients (22 male and 23 female; mean age=69.89+/-10.07 years) with acute supratentorial spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Mean rCBF and rCBV were lower in the hemorrhagic core than in the perihematomal low density area (p<0.001), and in the perihematomal low density area than in normal appearing brain parenchyma (p<0.001). Mean rMTT values were higher in perihematomal low density area than in normal appearing area (p<0.01) and in both hemorrhagic and perihematomal area than in controlateral ROI (p<0.001). There were no differences in rMTT mean values between hemorrhagic core and perihematomal area, as well as between normal appearing and controlateral areas. We found a concentric distribution of all CT perfusion parameters characterized by an improvement from the core to the periphery, with low perihematomal rCBF and rCBV values suggesting edema formation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[The role of muscle scintigraphy with 201Tl in the morphofunctional assessment of obliterative arterial pathology of the lower limbs].

This study was aimed at assessing the role of stress 201Tl leg scintigraphy, compared with digital angiography, in the diagnosis and prognosis of peripheral arterial obstructive disease (PAOD) before and after surgical treatment. Fifty-four patients with known PAOD in Fontaine stages IIb, III or IV submitted to revascularization (36) or lumbar ganglionectomy (18), were examined with both angiography and scintigraphy. A statistical analysis of 360 segments (thighs and calves) was performed; in particular, correlation values were derived from 216 preoperative and 144 postoperative segments (18 patients who underwent lumbar ganglionectomy were not submitted to postoperative angiography). Scintigraphy vs. angiography sensitivity (84%), specificity (80%) and diagnostic accuracy (90%) values obtained in this study are in agreement with those reported in international literature. Scintigraphy yields information on the locoregional perfusion of an angiography-demonstrated anatomic lesion, under physiologic stress, which is particularly useful in symptomatic patients with angiographically unimportant stenoses. At present, 201Tl leg scintigraphy is the only technique yielding semiquantitative data in the assessment of single muscle groups perfusion increase in Fontaine IV patients submitted to lumbar ganglionectomy. The original contribution of this study consists in the evidence of a high predictive value (p < 0.01) of scintigraphy in the calculation of pain-free intervals in the patients with successful revascularization at clinics and angiography. This finding, if confirmed, shows a possible role for 201Tl leg scintigraphy in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial obstructive disease.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Home oxygen therapy after preterm birth in Western Australia.

OBJECTIVES: To review our management of infants discharged home receiving supplemental oxygen. Stable preterm infants receive low flow O(2) by nasal cannulae aiming for SaO(2) of > or = 95%. Oxygen-dependent infants must pass an air test (ability to maintain SaO(2) > 80% during 4 h disconnection from oxygen) before discharge home with supplemental oxygen. A sleep study is performed before nocturnal O(2) is ceased. METHODS: Infants less than 33 weeks gestational age (GA) who were admitted January 1999-June 2001 and discharged home with supplemental oxygen were identified through the databases and medical records of the King Edward Memorial/Princess Margaret Hospitals. The data collected were compared with an audit performed a decade earlier. RESULTS: Ninety-three infants were discharged home with supplemental oxygen between 1999 and 2001 (10% neonatal intensive care unit admissions less than 33 weeks GA; median GA 26 weeks (interquartile range 25-28). All infants had an air test before discharge: 63% failed the first air test and 30% at least two air tests. The median delay between the first air test and discharge was 2 weeks. The median postmenstrual age at discharge was 40 weeks gestation (interquartile range 38-41). Ninety infants had a sleep study before nocturnal oxygen was ceased and nine failed the first sleep study. Hospital readmission rate was 60%. More preterm infants (less than 33 weeks) were discharged with supplemental oxygen in 1999-2001 (10%, n = 96 in 1999-2001) than in 1987-1992 (2.5%, n = 53) and this was associated with an earlier discharge (40 vs 44 weeks postmenstrual age), lower oxygen requirements at discharge (60 vs 125 mL/min), earlier discontinuation of daytime and nocturnal oxygen (1 vs 4 months postmenstrual age and 2.5 vs 6 months postmenstrual age) and no increase in readmission rate (64% vs 60%). The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia for these infants has remained stable at 20%. CONCLUSION: Our home oxygen programme, based on an air test predischarge and a sleep study prediscontinuation of nocturnal oxygen, facilitates early discharge home. Our data suggest that over the last decade, bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with less impairment in lung function. Further evidence from randomized clinical trials is required to determine optimal target range for oxygen saturation in preterm infants.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutritional status according to mini nutritional assessment in an institutionalized elderly population in Sweden.

BACKGROUND: In 1992, local municipalities in Sweden took over full responsibility for the long-term care of elderly. This has led to an increased care burden for the various assisted accommodation services run by the municipalities. OBJECTIVE: Since ageing and chronic diseases are risk factors for protein-energy malnutrition, we evaluated the nutritional status of all individuals in assisted accommodation, i.e., service flats (SF), old people's homes (OPH), group living for the demented (GLD), and nursing homes (NH), in three Swedish municipalities. METHODS: Of 994 eligible subjects, 872 were examined; the average age was 84.5+/-8 years, and 69% were female. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale (0-30 points) was used, consisting of 18 point-weighted questions in four categories, i.e., anthropometry, global and dietary issues, and self-assessment. RESULTS: MNA <17, i.e., malnutrition, was noted in 36% of the study population. Divided according to accommodation type, the MNA scores were <17 in 21% of individuals in SF, 33% of those in OPH, 38% of those in GLD, and 71% of those in NH. The corresponding values for MNA scores 17-23.5 (risk for malnutrition) were 49, 51, 57, and 29%, respectively. Average body mass index (BMI) values were 24.2+/-5 (SF), 23.6+/-5 (OPH), 23.9+/-4 (GLD), and 22.3+/-4 (NH). BMI values < or =20 were found in 18% of those in SF, in 25% of those in OPH, in 19% of those in GLD, and in 33% of those in NH. Both MNA and BMI correlated with upper arm and calf circumference, with r values ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 (p<0.001). MNA and BMI correlated significantly (r = 0.52, p<0.001). Age correlated with MNA and BMI with r values of 0.1 (p<0.01) and 0.14 (p < 0.001), respectively. Subjects with significant help requirements during meals ate fewer whole meals per day than those who could feed themselves. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the MNA, one third of the study subjects living in assisted accommodation, and more than half of those living in NH, appeared to be malnourished. Further studies are necessary to assess to what extent these nutritional disturbances are reversible.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monitoring by cis-parinaric fluorescence of free radical induced lipid peroxidation in aqueous liposome suspensions.

Cis-parinaric acid is fluorescent when partioned into a lipid environment and its fluorescence is destroyed upon reaction with free radicals. In our study 1-palmitoyl-2-parinoyl-phosphatidylcholine (cis-PnA) has been used to monitor the time-course of liposomal lipid peroxidation, using reverse-phase evaporation vesicles (REV) of different composition exposed to oxidative stress in various conditions. This methodology allowed us to estimate the potential damage produced by two different oxidizing systems, namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a water soluble oxidant, and t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), a hydrophobic hydroperoxide. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective effects of bilayer-associated antioxidants, namely alpha-tocopherol acetate (alpha-THA), vitamin K1 and beta-carotene, as well as of two antioxidants dissolved in the aqueous bulk solution, that is, biverdin and uric acid. Under our experimental conditions, the results suggest that (i) both oxidizing compounds were able to interact with liposomal PnA leading to decay either of the excitation and of emission spectra of the probe; (ii) hydrogen peroxide seemed to be of most effective among the two stressing agents, when employed at similar concentrations; (iii) the alpha-THA appeared to be a stronger antioxidant than vitamin K1 and beta-carotene, resulting in a decrease of the liposomal membrane stress caused by those two oxidizing agents; (iv) among the water soluble antioxidant compounds, biliverdin displayed a protective effect at least 10 x higher than uric acid; (v) the overall damage, as well as the protection mechanisms, seemed to be dependent either on the lipid composition of the vesicles and on the pH of the liposomal suspension. This relatively easy experimental approach suggests the validity of the use of the bilayer associated fluorescent probe PnA in the monitoring of spontaneous and/or chemically induced liposomal lipid damage.

Antioxidants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Subrenal coarctation of the aorta. Presentation of a clinical case].

Coarctation of abdominal aorta constitutes a rare group of vascular abnormalities, including segmental stenoses and extended hypoplasia below the restriction. Usually hypertension is the only clinical evidence. The natural history of the surgically untreated disease foresees a decline of life expectancy; while surgical operation permit an almost complete "restitutio ad integrum". The Authors report a case of coarctation of the abdominal aorta come to their observation whose particularly was determined by the absence of high blood pressure, the aortic stenoses being located under the renal arteries.

Aorta, Abdominal↗