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Biomedical subjects

A Salzberg

Publications and source records attributed to A Salzberg.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A prospective study of nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas in the pediatric age group.

Nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas in infants and children are rare malignancies with most of the clinical data gained by retrospective analysis. In 1986, a prospective multicentered study was initiated by the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) with a total of 75 cases now entered for epidemiologic examination. Median age of presentation was 12 years (range, newborn to 20 years). The male to female ratio was 2.3 to 1. The most common soft tissue tumor was synovial cell sarcoma (32/75, 42%), followed by fibrosarcoma (10/75, 13%), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (9/75, 12%), and malignant neurogenic tumors (8/75, 10%). Sixty-five percent of all tumors presented on the extremities (44% lower extremity, 21% upper extremity). Tumors of the trunk accounted for 28% (abdomen 15%, thorax 13%), whereas head and neck tumors were 7%. By TNMG classification, 16% presented as stage I, 21% as stage II, 33% as stage III, and 30% as stage IV. Age at presentation did not affect clinical site or stage. All upper extremity tumors presented with localized disease, whereas lower extremity tumors presented with regional nodal disease in 7% and metastatic disease (pulmonary) in 23% of the cases. Seventy-eight percent of the abdominal tumors were metastatic at diagnosis; the other 22% had extensive regional disease. In the thorax 78% had localized lesions with 22% having extensive regional disease. Ninety percent of synovial cell sarcomas were on the extremities: 84% localized disease and 12% metastatic spread at presentation. Sixty percent of the fibrosarcomas presented on the extremities with 80% having localized disease and 20% metastatic spread. Only 25% of the neurogenic tumors presented with localized disease, whereas 50% had metastases at the time of diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Primary extrarenal Wilms' tumor in children.

We report three additional cases of primary extrarenal Wilms' tumor and review those cases previously documented. Analysis of the location, histopathology, treatment, and survival of these cases supports the following conclusions: Wilms' tumor may occur in an extrarenal location without primary renal involvement and must be included in the differential diagnosis of abdominal, pelvic, and inguinal masses; an extrarenal location supports a more frequent occurrence of ectopic metanephric blastema than was previously recognized or origin of Wilms' tumor from a more primitive mesodermal tissue; and the natural history and prognosis of extrarenal and renal Wilms' tumors appears similar.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Chest wall stabilization using plate fixation.

Large defects of the chest wall require stabilization of the remaining thorax to prevent paradoxical movement. A technique of fixation using rib grafts and compression plates is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A bidirectional promoter is regulating the Drosophila ras2 gene.

We isolated and delimitated the Drosophila ras2 promoter region, determined its sequence and mapped the transcription units expressed in this region. The results showed that the Drosophila ras2 gene is flanked by another transcription unit, which codes for two larger transcripts, 2.5 and 2.9 kb long. Orientation experiments, in which sense and antisense RNA probes were used, revealed that both these and the ras2 transcripts are synthesized from different DNA strands. Thus, the flanking transcription unit is in the opposite polarity relative to the ras2 gene. The transcription start sites of the ras2 gene and the flanking transcription unit were determined by external primer extension with T4 DNA polymerase and by RNAase-protection assay and were found to be only 94 nucleotides apart. Apparently, the Drosophila ras2 promoter is a bidirectional promoter. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the 5'-end of the ras2 transcript is within an inverted repeat of the insect cap box. TATA- and GC-like boxes were also found. Analysis of direct and inverted repeats in the promoter region suggested that it is asymmetrical. To demonstrate promoter activity, each side of the ras2 bidirectional promoter was fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene and tested by transfecting Drosophila Schneider 2 culture cells. Significant CAT activity was obtained with both transcription fusions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Massive and small pulmonary embolisms in intensive care units].

Over one fifth of patients hospitalized for massive pulmonary embolism die within the first few hours. The threatening load on the right ventricle can be reduced by early detection of embolism and immediate start to treatment. 53 patients treated for pulmonary embolism in our intensive care unit from 1982-1984 were divided into groups of 34 patients with massive embolism (occlusion 50% and/or circulatory shock) and 16 patients with small embolism. In 3 additional patients the embolism was detected only at autopsy. Patient's history and first clinical workup, together with special investigations and hemodynamics, allowed differentiation between massive and small embolism. Regarding treatment, patients with pulmonary embolism and circulatory shock were immediately embolectomized surgically. The other patients with massive embolism were treated by early fibrinolysis, with strict attention to any contraindications. These fibrinolyzed patients had fewer complications during the subsequent hospital course. A total of 8 patients with massive embolism and 2 patients with small embolism died during the same hospital stay. Where history and clinical findings prompt suspicion of massive pulmonary embolism a rather aggressive diagnostic procedure is indicated, since rapid reopening of the pulmonary circuit, to reduce the load on the right ventricle, may be life-saving.

Adolescent↗