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Biomedical subjects

A Schachner

Publications and source records attributed to A Schachner.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Rapid percutaneous tracheostomy.

We describe a new method of performing percutaneous tracheostomy rapidly and safely using a specialized instrument kit. The technique permits the safe insertion of a full-sized 7.0 (ID) or 7.5 mm (ID) cuffed cannula into the trachea within 1-2 min, through the membranous second intercartilagenous space. Animal studies have demonstrated a superior healing process compared to that seen after conventional tracheostomy techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Retrograde (atrial) dislodgement of a Cross-Jones mitral valve occluder.

Fatal atrial dislodgement of a lenticular disc occurred seven years after surgery in a 54-year-old patient, who had had a mitral valve replacement with a Cross-Jones prosthesis, for ruptured chordae tendinae. A marked distortion of the titanium ring reinforced silicone rubber lens disc due to material wear was the cause of this complication. From the literature available to us, atrial dislodgement of a prosthetic mitral occluder has not been previously recorded. We therefore intend to recommend elective replacement of the Cross-Jones prosthesis in all patients who have had their artificial valve functioning for more than five years.

Heart Valve Prosthesis↗
PubMed1977

Detection of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme in sera of patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery.

Creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB) was detected intraoperatively in 22 of 25 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery, both in the coronary sinus and in the mixed venous blood. In a group of 10 patients in whom selective intracavitary profound hypothermic arrest was used, CK-BB values were lower than in another group of 10 patients, in whom controlled ventricular fibrillation with moderate total body hypothermia was instituted. This latter group also had higher levels of CK-MB. Patients who developed acute myocardial infarction immediately prior to or during the surgical intervention had the highest CK-BB values. This enzyme appeared as early as 15 minutes after the institution of cardiopulmonary bypass and disappeared within 6 hours. It is considered that part of the BB isoenzyme in serum of patients undergoing heart surgery is of myocardial origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Selective intracavitary and coronary profound hypothermic cardioplegia for myocardial preservation: a new technique.

A technique is described for selective intracavitary and coronary hypothermic perfusion during cardiac bypass with cardioplegia to facilitate cardiac operations. A cold perfusate (Plasmalyte 148 and mannitol, 12.5 gm/L at 8 degrees to 10 degrees C) is administered with the aid of a low-flow perfusion pump into the left ventricular cavity and coronary circulation through an apical perfusion-venting (Per-Vent) catheter. This perfusate cools the myocardium rapidly and homogeneously to a temperature of 15 degrees to 20 degrees C. Within this temperature range, complete cardioplegia occurs and the safe ischemia period can be extended to 120 minutes. This method was applied in 50 unselected consecutive adult patients undergoing aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting or aortic or mitral valve replacement. All patients survived and had excellent recovery of ventricular function.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1976

Selective intracavitary and coronary hypothermic cardioplegia for myocardial preservation.Clinical, physiologic, and ultrastructural evaluation.

Intraoperative myocardial protection was evaluated in two groups of patients undergoing coronary surgery in whom different techniques for cardiac arrest were utilized. In group A, profound selective myocardial hypothermic (15 to 18 C) arrest was achieved by perfusing a coolant (7 to 10 C) into the left ventricular cavity and the coronary circulation. The average anoxic arrest time was 82.5 +/- 27 minutes. In group B, ventricular fibrillation and moderate hypothermia were used. Group A patients showed rapid physiologic recovery, low average myocardial creatinine phosphokinase (MB-CK) isoenzyme levels (7.8 IU) , and a well-preserved myocardial ultrastructure. In group B, three patients showed abnormal physiologic recovery; six patients needed postoperative inotropic support; and in seven patients, electron-microscopy revealed irreversible focal changes. The average MB-CK isoenzyme level was 85.6 IU. Analysis of our data demonstrates that when myocardial protection during coronary bypass grafting is achieved by selective profound intracavitary and coronary cooling, there is physiological, ultrastructural, and biochemical evidence of less intraoperative myocardial damage than when ventricular fibrillation is applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Mitral stenosis with pulmonary hypertension. Long-term results after mitral valvotomy.

Ten patients suffering from tight mitral stenosis with severe pulmonary hypertension were operated on and followed up for one to nine years after operation. There was no operative or postoperative mortality. Postoperative hemodynamic studies were performed on seven of the 10 patients. One patient was evaluated twice--one month and seven months after surgery. The condition of all patients improved after operation and regression of severe to extreme pulmonary hypertension was documented in the seven patients on whom the hemodynamic studies were repeated. Hemodynamic and clinical improvement was greatest in young patients with a shorter duration of disease and a normal sinus rhythm prior to operation. The results indicate that a severe degree of pulmonary vascular resistance in mitral stenosis is largely reversible, provided that the obstruction is adequately relieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The parachute mitral valve complex. Case report and review of the literature.

A 10-month-old infant, the youngest patient thus far reported to have undergone successful correction of the developmental complex known as "parachute mitral valve," is presented. Severe mitral incompetence and aortic coarctation led to recurrent cardiac failure. Both anomalies were corrected in a one-stage procedure wherein the coarctation was resected under normothermia and the mitral valve replaced thereafter by a prosthesis employing deep hypothermia and total circulatory arrest. He made an uneventful recovery. Forty-two reported cases in the literature are reviewed and the pathologic and clinical features, diagnosis, natural history, and management briefly summarized.

Aortic Coarctation↗